Physio-anatomical modifications and elemental allocation pattern in Acanthus ilicifolius L. subjected to zinc stress

Abstract

Physio-anatomical modifications and elemental distribution pattern in Acanthus ilicifolius subjected to Zn stress were analysed in this study. Survival of A. ilicifolius plants under a high concentration of ZnSO4 was compensated by the reduction in the photosynthetic efficacy. Micro and macro-elemental distribution pattern in the root tissues was significantly influenced by heavy metal exposure. Tolerance towards the excess toxic metal ions in the tissue of A. ilicifolius was aided by the modified anatomical features. Moreover, the increased deposition of Zn around the central vasculature of the root confirms the complexation of Zn2+ in the xylem vessels. Metal induced molecular level changes of root and leaf samples indicate the presence of OH, NH2, and CH3 deformation as well as C-O-H and C-O-C stretch. A prominent band corresponding to CH3 deformation, pointing hemicellulose fortification, occurs in the cell walls of the xylem, aiding in Zn localization. The phytostabilisation potential of A. ilicifolius is dependent on the coordinated responses which endow with phenotypic plasticity necessary to cope with Zn toxicity.

Morphological and Structural Responses of Albizia lebbeck to Different Lead and Nickel Stress Levels

“…Leaves are generally more responsive to climatic conditions than any other plant part and therefore modify their anatomical structure according to the type and degree of abiotic stress to develop resistance [61,71]. Anatomical modifications in leaves are strongly associated with heavy metals stress [79], and therefore midrib thickness, abaxial epidermal thickness, adaxial epidermal thickness, abaxial epidermal cell area, abaxial stomatal density and adaxial stomatal density were significantly reduced under stress by both heavy metals. Reduction in leaf anatomical features (especially midrib thickness) is the general impact of heavy metals stress, as reported in several sensitive and tolerant plant species [33,[80][81][82].…”

Retraction: Physio-anatomical modifications and elemental allocation pattern in Acanthus ilicifolius L. subjected to zinc stress

“…The following images appear similar: ○ Fig 1A Control of [ 1 ] and Fig 1A of [ 2 ] ○ Fig 1B Control of [ 1 ] and Fig 2A of [ 2 ] ○ Fig 4 of [ 1 ] and Fig 7A of [ 2 ] …”

“…The PLOS ONE Editors retract this article [ 1 ] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have data concerns and concerns about authorship, competing interests, and peer review. We regret that the issues were not addressed prior to the article’s publication.…”

“…Figs 1 and 4 report material from [ 2 ], published in 2019 by Taylor & Francis, which are not offered under a CC BY license and are therefore excluded from this article’s [ 1 ] license. At the time of retraction, the article [ 1 ] was republished to note this exclusion in the Figs 1 and 4 legends and the article’s copyright statement.…”

Physio-anatomical modifications and element allocation pattern in Alternanthera tenella Colla. associated with phytoextraction of chromium

“…Similar deformation. This indicates the enhancement of hemicellulose in xylem cell walls that lead to increase in its thickness (Sarath et al 2022a). Finally, with consistent decrease in band intensity of RoT when compared to SoT, the FTIR results were in agreement with the ICP-AES result, that A. tenella adsorb more Cr in the root, with further translocation to the stem and leaf.…”