Physiochemical Properties and Microflora of the Rhizosphere Soil of Tobacco Plants with and without Bacterial Wilt

Abstract

Bacterial wilt is a destructive soilborne disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum, posing a severe threat to plants in the Solanaceae family. It impacts on tobacco productivity worldwide. This study was conducted to analyze the changes in the soil’s physical and chemical properties, the number of microbes, and the bacterial diversity of the rhizosphere soil before and after the wilt disease. The rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased tobacco plants was collected from Pucheng, Nanping, Fujian Province, Southern China. The results revealed significant differences in the trends of physical and chemical properties of the soil of healthy and diseased plants. The soil pH, available potassium (K), available phosphorous (P), and organic matter contents (SOM) were lower in the rhizosphere soil for healthy plants than for pre-diseased plants (HW). Only the available P, among all physical and chemical properties in the rhizosphere of diseased plants (HS), was significantly lower than those for pre-diseased plants (HW), changing from 149.59 mg/kg to 59.19 mg/kg. The order of numbers of the three main microbes in the rhizosphere soil for healthy plants (HC) and pre-diseased plants was the following: bacteria > actinomycetes > fungi. The number of actinomycetes in the soil of the diseased tobacco plants increased significantly. A comparison of the rhizosphere soil of diseased and healthy tobacco plants showed that the relative abundance of the bacterial community in the rhizosphere soil of the pathogenic tobacco plants changed significantly. The community diversity was increased, and the Pseudomonadaceae, to which the bacterial pathogen of bacterial wilt belonged, rose to a certain extent. Both pre-diseased and healthy plants showed changes in the physical and chemical properties, microbial quantity, and microbial diversity, thus proving that tobacco disease was closely related to the soil’s ecological environment.

Effect of tobacco–radish rotation for different years on bacterial wilt and rhizosphere microbial communities

“…Changes in soil chemical conditions affect the structural composition of soil microorganisms to a certain extent (Zheng et al 2023). Previously reported that soil acidi cation can reduce the abundance of carbon-and nitrogen-metabolizing bacteria such as Nitrospirae, Firmicutes, Chlorobi and Zygomycota, which are prone to bacterial wilt (Liu et (Zhang et al 2017a).…”

Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characterisation of Domestic Wastewater from Adétikopé in Togo

“…However, it should be noted that pH values below 5 or above 8.5 affect the growth and survival of microorganisms [65]. As far as microbiological parameters are concerned, it is important to consider taking appropriate measures to avoid large-scale contamination in the event of drainage by river water, which could affect human health or the evolution of flora [66,67]. In view of the results and the observation of daily household life, and taking into account the technological prowess, education in this area is needed at the household level in Adétikopé with a view to improving wastewater management practices [68].…”

The Physico-Chemical and Bacteriological Characterization of Domestic Wastewater in Adétikopé (Togo, West Africa)

“…However, it should be noted that pH values below 5 or above 8.5 affect the growth and survival of microorganisms [65]. As far as microbiological parameters are concerned, it is important to consider taking appropriate measures to avoid large-scale contamination in the event of drainage by river water, which could affect human health or the evolution of flora [66,67]. In view of the results and the observation of daily household life, and taking into account the technological prowess, education in this area is needed at the household level in Adétikopé with a view to improving wastewater management practices [68].…”