Physiographic divisions and differential uplift in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge

Hack, John T.

doi:10.3133/pp1265

Cited by 99 publications

(141 citation statements)

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“…The theoretical equilibrium Hack profile is straight if a river is flowing across uniform bedrock [29,[33][34][35].…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analyses of Danxia Landforms in Relation to Bedrock Geology: A Case of Mt. Danxia, Guangdong Province, China

Wen¹

2013

TOGEOJ

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Abstract:The "Danxia landform" is an erosional landform type originally defined in China. It is characterized by redcolored sandstones and steep cliffs, and developed via long-term erosion. Detailed quantitative geomorphometric studies of the characteristics of Danxia landforms in China have not yet been conducted. Using GIS, we conducted DEM-based geomorphometric analyses of 42 watersheds on Mt. Danxia, China. This area has many typical Danxia landforms. Analysis of stream networks indicates that fault systems are responsible for the NE-trending stream direction. Hypsometric curves and hypsometric integrals (HI) of the watersheds show that HI is significantly affected by lithology; the lithological difference between the eastern and western parts of the study area are reflected in the general form of watersheds. Longitudinal profiles of the watersheds were used to analyze the stream length gradient (SL) index and Hack profiles, which were also found to reflect lithology and fault control.

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“…The theoretical equilibrium Hack profile is straight if a river is flowing across uniform bedrock [29,[33][34][35].…”

Section: Materials and Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric Analyses of Danxia Landforms in Relation to Bedrock Geology: A Case of Mt. Danxia, Guangdong Province, China

Wen¹

2013

TOGEOJ

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“…4), Hack (1982) Figure 4. Relief of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge physiographic provinces of the Eastern United States (Hack, 1982).…”

Section: Geologic and Geohydrologic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4), Hack (1982) Figure 4. Relief of the Piedmont and Blue Ridge physiographic provinces of the Eastern United States (Hack, 1982). Areas are based on the number of 100-ft contours within 100-km2 areas, as shown on topographic maps at a scale of 1:250,000.…”

Section: Geologic and Geohydrologic Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wharton (1977, p. 159-161) As we have with paleoclimate, we can only assume that the differences in relief, parent material, and microclimate have affected the vegetation similarly through the Quaternary. Hack (1982) referred to the Pine Mountain area of Georgia and Alabama as the Pine Mountain belt and included it as a subdivision of the Piedmont Lowlands subprovince of the Piedmont physiographic province. Structurally, the Pine Mountain belt of Hack (1982) has been identified as a window of older Precambrian rocks in a younger Precambrian or Paleozoic terrain (Clarke, 1952;Higgins and others, 1988).…”

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hack (1982) referred to the Pine Mountain area of Georgia and Alabama as the Pine Mountain belt and included it as a subdivision of the Piedmont Lowlands subprovince of the Piedmont physiographic province. Structurally, the Pine Mountain belt of Hack (1982) has been identified as a window of older Precambrian rocks in a younger Precambrian or Paleozoic terrain (Clarke, 1952;Higgins and others, 1988). The Pine Mountain belt or window is a structurally complex, ridge-forming anticlinorium that extends 100 mi southwestward from Barnesville, Ga., to Notasulga, Ala. (fig.…”

Section: Vegetationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genesis and residence times of soil and weathering profiles on residual and transported parent materials in the Pine Mountain area of west-central Georgia

Markewich¹,

Pavich²,

Lynn³

et al. 1994

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Professional Papers are mainly comprehensive scientific reports of wide and lasting interest and importance to professional scientists and engineers. Included are reports on the results of resource studies and of topographic, hydrologic, and geologic investigations. They also include collections of related papers addressing different aspects of a single scientific topic.Bulletins contain significant data and interpretations that are of lasting scientific interest but are generally more limited in scope or geographic coverage than Professional Papers. They include the results of resource studies and of geologic and topographic investigations, as well as collections of short papers related to a specific topic.Water-Supply Papers are comprehensive reports that present significant interpretive results of hydrologic investigations of wide interest to professional geologists, hydrologists, and engineers. The series covers investigations in all phases of hydrology, including hydrogeology, availability of water, quality of water, and use of water.Circulars present administrative information or important scientific information of wide popular interest in a format designed for distribution at no cost to the public. Information is usually of short-term interest.Water-Resources Investigations Reports are papers of an interpretive nature made available to the public outside the formal USGS publications series. Copies are reproduced on request unlike formal USGS publications, and they are also available for public inspection at depositories indicated in USGS catalogs.Open-File Reports include unpublished manuscript reports, maps, and other material that are made available for public consultation at depositories. They are a nonpermanent form of publication that may be cited in other publications as sources of information. MapsGeologic Quadrangle Maps are multicolor geologic maps on topographic bases in 7.5-or 15-minute quadrangle formats (scales mainly 1:24,000 or 1:62,500) showing bedrock, surficial, or engineering geology. Maps generally include brief texts; some maps include structure and columnar sections only.Geophysical Investigations Maps are on topographic or planimetric bases at various scales; they show results of surveys using geophysical techniques, such as gravity, magnetic, seismic, or radioactivity, which reflect subsurface structures that are of economic or geologic significance. Many maps include correlations with the geology.Miscellaneous Investigations Series Maps are on planimetric or topographic bases of regular and irregular areas at various scales; they present a wide variety of format and subject matter. The series also includes 7.5-minute quadrangle photogeologic maps on planimetric bases that show geology as interpreted from aerial photographs. Series also includes maps of Mars and the Moon.Coal Investigations Maps are geologic maps on topographic or planimetric bases at various scales showing bedrock or surficial geology, stratigraphy, and structural relations in certain coal-resource areas.Oil and G...

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Characteristic length scales and time-averaged transport velocities of suspended sediment in the mid-Atlantic Region, USA

et al. 2014

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Watershed Best Management Practices (BMPs) are often designed to reduce loading from particle-borne contaminants, but the temporal lag between BMP implementation and improvement in receiving water quality is difficult to assess because particles are only moved downstream episodically, resting for long periods in storage between transport events. A theory is developed that describes the downstream movement of suspended sediment particles accounting for the time particles spend in storage given sediment budget data (by grain size fraction) and information on particle transit times through storage reservoirs. The theory is used to define a suspended sediment transport length scale that describes how far particles are carried during transport events, and to estimate a downstream particle velocity that includes time spent in storage. At 5 upland watersheds of the mid-Atlantic region, transport length scales for silt-clay range from 4 to 60 km, while those for sand range from 0.4 to 113 km. Mean sediment velocities for silt-clay range from 0.0072 km/yr to 0.12 km/yr, while those for sand range from 0.0008 km/yr to 0.20 km/yr, 4-6 orders of magnitude slower than the velocity of water in the channel. These results suggest lag times of 100-1000 years between BMP implementation and effectiveness in receiving waters such as the Chesapeake Bay (where BMPs are located upstream of the characteristic transport length scale). Many particles likely travel much faster than these average values, so further research is needed to determine the complete distribution of suspended sediment velocities in real watersheds.

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Physiographic divisions and differential uplift in the Piedmont and Blue Ridge

Cited by 99 publications

References 34 publications

Morphometric Analyses of Danxia Landforms in Relation to Bedrock Geology: A Case of Mt. Danxia, Guangdong Province, China

Morphometric Analyses of Danxia Landforms in Relation to Bedrock Geology: A Case of Mt. Danxia, Guangdong Province, China

Genesis and residence times of soil and weathering profiles on residual and transported parent materials in the Pine Mountain area of west-central Georgia

Characteristic length scales and time-averaged transport velocities of suspended sediment in the mid-Atlantic Region, USA

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