Physiologic Influences of Transepithelial K+ Secretion

Halm, Dan R.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3366-2_3

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 197 publications

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“…; Carrisoza‐Gaytan et al. ; Halm ). Together, the myriad expressions of the BK channel make it a crucial membrane component allowing optimal cellular performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and growth of C57BL/6J mice lacking the BK channel,Kcnma1: lower adult body weight occurs together with higher body fat

et al. 2017

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Big conductance potassium (BK) channels contribute to K+ flow and electrical behavior in many cell types. Mice made null for the gene (Kcnma1) producing the BK channel (BKKO) exhibit numerous deficits in physiological functions. Breeding mice lacking a single allele of Kcnma1 (C57BL/6J background) had litter sizes of approximately eight pups. For the period of maternal care (P0–P21), pup deaths peaked at P1 with a second less severe interval of death peaking near P13. Early deaths were twice as likely during a 20‐month period of building construction compared with the quiescent period after cessation of construction. Births during construction were not consistent with Mendelian predictions indicating the likelihood of a specific disadvantage induced by this environmental stressor. Later BKKO pup deaths (~P13) also were more numerous than Mendelian expectations. After weaning, weight gain was slower for BKKO mice compared with wild‐type littermates: 5 g less for male BKKO mice and 4 g less for female BKKO mice. Body composition determined by quantitative magnetic resonance indicated a higher fat proportion for wild‐type female mice compared with males, as well as a higher hydration ratio. Both male and female BKKO mice showed higher fat proportions than wild‐type, with female BKKO mice exhibiting greater variation. Together, these results indicate that BKKO mice suffered disadvantages that lead to prenatal and perinatal death. A metabolic difference likely related to glucose handling led to the smaller body size and distinct composition for BKKO mice, suggesting a diversion of energy supplies from growth to fat storage.

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“…; Carrisoza‐Gaytan et al. ; Halm ). Together, the myriad expressions of the BK channel make it a crucial membrane component allowing optimal cellular performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survival and growth of C57BL/6J mice lacking the BK channel,Kcnma1: lower adult body weight occurs together with higher body fat

et al. 2017

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Physiology of Electrolyte Transport in the Gut: Implications for Disease

Rao

2019

Comprehensive Physiology

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We now have an increased understanding of the genetics, cell biology, and physiology of electrolyte transport processes in the mammalian intestine, due to the availability of sophisticated methodologies ranging from genome wide association studies to CRISPR‐CAS technology, stem cell‐derived organoids, 3D microscopy, electron cryomicroscopy, single cell RNA sequencing, transgenic methodologies, and tools to manipulate cellular processes at a molecular level. This knowledge has simultaneously underscored the complexity of biological systems and the interdependence of multiple regulatory systems. In addition to the plethora of mammalian neurohumoral factors and their cross talk, advances in pyrosequencing and metagenomic analyses have highlighted the relevance of the microbiome to intestinal regulation. This article provides an overview of our current understanding of electrolyte transport processes in the small and large intestine, their regulation in health and how dysregulation at multiple levels can result in disease. Intestinal electrolyte transport is a balance of ion secretory and ion absorptive processes, all exquisitely dependent on the basolateral Na + /K + ATPase; when this balance goes awry, it can result in diarrhea or in constipation. The key transporters involved in secretion are the apical membrane Cl − channels and the basolateral Na + ‐K + ‐2Cl − cotransporter, NKCC1 and K + channels. Absorption chiefly involves apical membrane Na + /H + exchangers and Cl − /HCO 3 − exchangers in the small intestine and proximal colon and Na + channels in the distal colon. Key examples of our current understanding of infectious, inflammatory, and genetic diarrheal diseases and of constipation are provided. © 2019 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 9:947‐1023, 2019.

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Physiologic Influences of Transepithelial K+ Secretion

Cited by 2 publications

References 197 publications

Survival and growth of C57BL/6J mice lacking the BK channel,Kcnma1: lower adult body weight occurs together with higher body fat

Survival and growth of C57BL/6J mice lacking the BK channel,Kcnma1: lower adult body weight occurs together with higher body fat

Physiology of Electrolyte Transport in the Gut: Implications for Disease

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