Physiological and behavioral effects of infantile stimulation

Levine, Seymour; Haltmeyer, Gary C.; Karas, George G.; Denenberg, Victor H.

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(67)90011-x

Cited by 520 publications

(267 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Prenatal stress has been reported to alter fear-motivated and defensive behavior (Thompson, 1957;Archer and Blackman 1971), to enhance amphetamine-induced locomotor activity as well as amphetamine self-administration (Deminière et al, 1992), and to increase signs of anxiety (Fride and Weinstock, 1988;Wakshlak and Weinstock, 1990). On the other hand, neonatal stimulation has a number of clear behavioral effects in adulthood (Meaney et al, 1989) that include enhanced exploratory behavior and an attenuation of novelty-induced anxiety (Levine, 1957(Levine, , 1962Levine et al, 1967;Ader and Grota, 1969;Hess et al, 1969). In contrast, sensory deprivation during early development is associated with abnormal emotional behavior in later life (Melzack and Thompson, 1956).…”

Section: Abstract: Nitric Oxide; Nadph-diaphorase; Hippocampus; Hypomentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Nonhandling andIn UteroPrenatal Stress Reduce the Density of NADPH-Diaphorase-Reactive Neurons in the Fascia Dentata and Ammon’s Horn of Rats

et al. 1997

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The density of nitric oxide (NO)-producing neurons in the fascia dentata and Ammon's horn was assessed in 6-month-old male rats using NADPH-diaphorase (NADPH-d) histochemistry. Two separate experiments investigated whether (1) the complete absence of neonatal handling or (2) the administration of periodic prenatal stress could affect the expression and distribution of NADPH-d reactivity in the hippocampus, when compared with rats raised in normal standard laboratory conditions. Experiment 1 demonstrated that adult rats that received no handling during neonatal development (from birth to postnatal day 22) showed a very substantial reduction in NADPH-d-positive neurons per unit area throughout the entire hippocampus when compared with rats that received regular daily handling in this period. Quantitative analysis further revealed that this effect was significantly more pronounced in Ammon's horn than in the fascia dentata, and within Ammon's horn the dorsal region was selectively more affected. Experiment 2 showed that prenatal stress, which involved the administration of daily restraint stress to pregnant dams throughout the gestation period, also led to a reduction in NADPH-d reactivity in the hippocampus of the offspring of these dam when they reached adulthood.The present results suggest that behavioral manipulations in the early neonatal or prenatal period can significantly alter the neurodevelopment of the hippocampal NO system and these changes might be related to some of the behavioral abnormalities that emerge later in adulthood.

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Section: Abstract: Nitric Oxide; Nadph-diaphorase; Hippocampus; Hypomentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Nonhandling andIn UteroPrenatal Stress Reduce the Density of NADPH-Diaphorase-Reactive Neurons in the Fascia Dentata and Ammon’s Horn of Rats

et al. 1997

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“…There is evidence that early human handling, but also environmental enrichment, reduce anxiety in rats Levine 1957;Levine et al 1967;Meaney et al 1996;Anisman et al 1998;Fernandez-Teruel et al 2002). Recent reviews of this research have discussed the choice of the appropriate control in some of those studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of early postnatal environmental enrichment on maternal care and offspring behaviour following weaning

Lund

Voigt

2016

Behavioural Processes

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“…Repeated maternal separations during the postpartum period have profound effects on rats when they reach adulthood (Levine 1957;1962;Denenberg 1964;Levine et al 1967;Ader & Grota, 1969;Plotsky & Meaney, 1993;Ogawa et al 1994;Ladd et al 1996;Lui et al 1997;Caldji et al 1998;Boccia & Pedersen 2001;Gonzalez et al 2001;Ogawa et al 1994). Brief (approximately 15 min) maternal separations (BMS) have contrasting effects from long 3 to 6h separations (LMS).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

Boccia

Razzoli

Vadlamudi

et al. 2007

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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SummaryLong (LMS) versus brief (BMS) daily separations of rat pups from their mothers have contrasting effects on their adult stress responses and maternal behavior by respectively decreasing and increasing licking received from their mothers. We hypothesized that LMS decreases pup licking in mothers by inducing learned helplessness, creating a depression-like state. We subjected postpartum rats to LMS (3 h), BMS (15 min) or no separation (NMS) on postpartum days 2-14. After weaning, mothers were given a forced swim test (FST). LMS mothers exhibited more immobility and fewer escape attempts than BMS or NMS mothers. These results suggest that LMS induces a depressionlike state, which may account for the reductions in maternal behavior seen in LMS mothers. Immobility in the FST is recognized as an animal model of depression. Therefore, LMS may be a model of maternal depression.

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Physiological and behavioral effects of infantile stimulation

Cited by 520 publications

References 10 publications

Neonatal Nonhandling andIn UteroPrenatal Stress Reduce the Density of NADPH-Diaphorase-Reactive Neurons in the Fascia Dentata and Ammon’s Horn of Rats

Neonatal Nonhandling andIn UteroPrenatal Stress Reduce the Density of NADPH-Diaphorase-Reactive Neurons in the Fascia Dentata and Ammon’s Horn of Rats

The impact of early postnatal environmental enrichment on maternal care and offspring behaviour following weaning

Repeated long separations from pups produce depression-like behavior in rat mothers

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