Physiological and biochemical changes in waterlog tolerant sesame genotypes

Abstract

An experiment was conducted under pot culture to investigate physiological responses as well as antioxidative enzymes activities that may lead to select sesame genotype (s) which were more waterlogging tolerant at vegetative stage. Four sesame genotypes viz. BD-6980, BD-6985, BD-6992 and BD-7012 were grown under waterlogged (at vegetative stage) and control (no waterlogged) conditions. Plant height, root length, root volume, root dry weight and leaf area per plant in all the four sesame genotypes significantly decreased due to waterlogging at vegetative stage in comparison to controlled condition. Higher SPAD value (Soil and Plant Analyzer Development) and specific leaf mass were recorded in waterlogged plant than controlled plant during waterlogging period but reverse was the case during recovery period. All the genotypes showed positive indices of waterlogging tolerance in terms of better performance of root, stem, leaf and petiole. Among the genotypes, BD 6980 showed higher waterlogging tolerance in all the components followed by BD 6985. Malondialdehyde (MDA) content was found higher in waterlogged plant of all the four sesame genotypes in both waterlogging period and recovery period than the controlled plant. Antioxidant enzyme activities like Peroxidase (POD), Catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX), Glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and Superoxide dismutase(SOD) were inconsistent in the present study but most of the antioxidant enzyme activities showed an increasing trend in waterlogged plant than that of control plant in all the genotypes. Comparatively low amount of MDA content and high antioxidant activities of sesame genotype BD 6980 is considered as highly tolerant to waterlogging and other three genotypes are moderately tolerant under water logging condition.

Oxidative Damage and Antioxidant Defense in Sesamum indicum after Different Waterlogging Durations

“…Very few investigations have been documented regarding the effect of waterlogging stress on GPX activity. In this experiment, GPX activity increased in a time-dependent manner with increased duration of waterlogging, which is supported by other studies on sesame [60]. The enzymes of the AsA-GSH cycle (APX, MDHAR, DHAR, and GR) readily and efficiently catalyze ROS detoxification with the help of vital components AsA and GSH; after scavenging ROS, AsA and GSH are recycled [61,62,63].…”

Screening of Soybean Genotypes for Waterlogging Stress Tolerance and Understanding the Physiological Mechanisms

“…Leaf area of different soybean genotypes decreased due to waterlogging stress (Table 1), which is evidenced by many authors [30,31]. Similar outcomes were observed in some other crops like mungbean [32], barley [33], sesame [34,35], and green gram [36].…”

Male and Female Plants of Salix viminalis Perform Similarly to Flooding in Morphology, Anatomy, and Physiology

“…•to O 2 and H 2 O 2 timely and effectively in the cytosol, chloroplasts, and mitochondria [34]. SOD activity significantly increased after 14 days of flooding treatment in this study, suggesting that the detoxification of O [23,34,64]. The three enzymes increased significantly in our study, which contributed to neutralizing the product H 2 O 2 from the previous SOD.…”

“…However, the cellular ROS level can be regulated by a variety of antioxidant enzymes and nonenzymatic antioxidants [22]. Superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities are often activated when plants are subjected to flooding, indicating the efficient role of antioxidant enzymes in scavenging ROS [23,24].In addition, plants can also accumulate osmotic regulators, such as proline (Pro), to adjust the osmotic potential of cells, so that the stress pressure can be relieved [25].…”