Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Medicinal Plants to Salt Stress

Ghassemi‐Golezani, Kazem; Abdoli, Soheila

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-92050-0_6

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 168 publications

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“…The variation in the essential oil content and composition of different accessions belonging to a specific plant species can be due to their genetic background or habitat conditions [ 37 ]. The production of secondary metabolites in plants is influenced by two factors: the genetic potential of the plant (constitutive production) and external biotic and abiotic stresses (induced production) [ 38 ]. Based on the above references, the observed diversity in the phytochemical profile of the studied M. longifolia accessions might be due to the difference in their genetic properties or habitat conditions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from different Mentha longifolia L. accessions growing wild in Iran and Iraq

Mustafa,

Khorshidi,

Vafaee

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Mentha longifolia L. is a perennial plant belonging to the Lamiaceae family that has a wide distribution in the world. M. longifolia has many applications in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to its terpenoid and phenolic compounds. The phytochemical profile and biological activity of plants are affected by their genetics and habitat conditions. In the present study, the content, constituents and antifungal activity of the essential oil extracted from 20 accessions of M. longifolia collected from different regions of Iran and Iraq countries were evaluated. Results The essential oil content of the accessions varied between 1.54 ± 0.09% (in the Divandarreh accession) to 5.49 ± 0.12% (in the Khabat accession). Twenty-seven compounds were identified in the essential oils of the studied accessions, which accounted for 85.5-99.61% of the essential oil. The type and amount of dominant compounds in the essential oil were different depending on the accession. Cluster analysis of accessions based on essential oil compounds grouped them into three clusters. The first cluster included Baziyan, Boukan, Sarouchavah, Taghtagh, Darbandikhan, Isiveh and Harir. The second cluster included Khabat, Kounamasi, Soni and Mahabad, and other accessions were included in the third cluster. Significant correlations were observed between the essential oil content and components with the climatic and soil conditions of the habitats. The M. longifolia essential oil indicated antifungal activity against Fusarium solani in both methods used. In all studied accessions, the fumigation method compared to the contact method was more able to control mycelia growth. In both methods, the inhibition percentage of essential oil on mycelia growth increased with an increase in essential oil concentration. Significant correlations were found between the essential oil components and the inhibition percentage of mycelium growth. Conclusion The studied M. longifolia accessions showed significant differences in terms of the essential oil content and components. Differences in phytochemical profile of accessions can be due to their genetic or habitat conditions. The distance of the accessions in the cluster was not in accordance with their geographical distance, which indicates the more important role of genetic factors compared to habitat conditions in separating accessions. The antifungal activity of essential oils was strongly influenced by the essential oil quality and concentration, as well as the application method. Determining and introducing the elite accession in this study can be different depending on the breeder’s aims, such as essential oil content, desired chemical composition, or antifungal activity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from different Mentha longifolia L. accessions growing wild in Iran and Iraq

Mustafa,

Khorshidi,

Vafaee

et al. 2024

BMC Plant Biol

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“…With use of salt water for irrigation, soil becomes more salinized and salt deposits form in the root zone, which causes poor plant development and degradation [ 8 ]. Where, high amounts of salted irrigation water (SALIW) can lead to sodium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) buildup in plant tissues, decreases in basic elements and water uptakes causing oxidative and ionic stress, imbalance in nutrients, injuries to cell membranes and a drop in photosynthetic pigments (POTSP), which impedes development and growth [ 9 ]. On the other hand, SALIW is crucial for the production of proteins (PROTs), accumulation of total phenols (TPHEN) and total flavonoids (TFLAV), lipid metabolism, generation of carbohydrates (CARB) and a variety of natural product metabolites, particularly the composition of EOs in aromatic plants [ 10 – 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating foliar application of bulk and nanoparticles titanium dioxide on fennel productivity to mitigate the negative effects of saline irrigation water

Ahmed,

Khalid,

Zaki

2024

BMC Plant Biol

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Background Fennel essential oils are fragrance compounds used in food and pharmaceutical sectors. One of the major impediments to expansion of fennel farming in Egypt's reclamation areas is saline water. Titanium dioxide (TiO2) or TiO2 nano particles (TiO2NP) can be utilized to boost the yield of aromatic plants cultivated under saline irrigation water. Saline water, particularly which contains sodium chloride can harm fennel plant; consequently, it was predicted that fennel production would fail in Egypt's reclaimed area, where the primary source of irrigation is groundwater consisting sodium chloride. This study sought to help fennel respond to sodium chloride by applying Ti forms to their leaves in order to reduce the detrimental effects of sodium chloride on them for expanding their production in the newly reclamation areas as a natural source of essential oil. Ti forms were applied as foliar application at 0, 0.1, 0.2 TiO2, 0.1 TiO2NP, and 0.2 TiO2NP, mM under irrigation with fresh water (0.4 dS m−1), or saline water (51.3 mM or 4.7 dS m−1). Results Plants exposed to 0.1 mM TiO2NP under fresh water resulted in the maximum values of morphological characters, estragole, oxygenated monoterpenes and photosynthetic pigments; while those subjected to 0.1 mM TiO2NP under saline water gave the greatest values of essential oil, proline, antioxidant enzymes and phenols. The greatest amounts of soluble sugars were recorded with 0.2 mM TiO2NP irrigated with saline water. Plants subjected to 0 mM TiO2 under saline water produced the greatest values of flavonoids, hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde. Conclusion To mitigate the negative effects of salty irrigation water on fennel plant production, TiO2NP application is suggested as a potential strategy.

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“…Salinity stress is considered a major environmental threat to agricultural crops [ 1 , 2 ]. It causes various physiological disorders in plants, such as oxidative stress, ROS (reactive oxygen species) accumulation, chlorophyll degradation, ion imbalance, and ultimately cell death [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 ]. Several strategies have been recommended to cope with the adverse effects of salt stress, including the use of biostimulants, such as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; increased use of organic matter; application of lime; and use of different irrigation patterns [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This phenomenon mainly occurs because the synthesis of major secondary metabolites is controlled by the shikimic or mevalonate pathway, which is in turn controlled and modified by environmental stresses, such as increased salinity [ 20 ]. Considering that the major industrial goal of medicinal plant agriculture is to promote the synthesis of bioactive compounds and secondary metabolites [ 5 ], salinity may be an important tool for enhancing the antioxidant capacity of plants and the secondary metabolites of various medicinal plants under stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous SA Applications Alleviate Salinity Stress via Physiological and Biochemical changes in St John’s Wort Plants

Kwon

Adhikari

Imran

et al. 2023

Plants

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The plant St. John’s wort contains high levels of melatonin, an important biochemical that has both beneficial and adverse effects on stress. Therefore, a method for increasing melatonin levels in plants without adversely affecting their growth is economically important. In this study, we investigated the regulation of melatonin levels in St. John’s wort by exposing samples to salinity stress (150 mM) and salicylic acid (0.25 mM) to augment stress tolerance. The results indicated that salinity stress significantly reduced the plant chlorophyll content and damaged the photosystem, plant growth and development. Additionally, these were reconfirmed with biochemical indicators; the levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and proline were increased and the activities of antioxidants were reduced. However, a significant increase was found in melatonin content under salinity stress through upregulation in the relative expression of tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC), tryptamine 5-hydroxylase (T5H), serotonin N-acetyltransferase (SNAT), and N-acetylserotonin methyltransferase (ASMT). The salicylic acid (SA) treatment considerably improved their photosynthetic activity, the maximum photochemical quantum yield (133%), the potential activity of PSⅡ (294%), and the performance index of electron flux to the final PS I electron acceptors (2.4%). On the other hand, SA application reduced ABA levels (32%); enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) (15.4%) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (120%); and increased polyphenol (6.4%) and flavonoid (75.4%) levels in salinity-stressed St. John’s wort plants. Similarly, SA application under NaCl stress significantly modulated the melatonin content in terms of ion balance; the level of melatonin was reduced after SA application on salt-treated seedlings but noticeably higher than on only SA-treated and non-treated seedlings. Moreover, the proline content was reduced considerably and growth parameters, such as plant biomass, shoot length, and chlorophyll content, were enhanced following treatment of salinity-stressed St. John’s wort plants with salicylic acid. These findings demonstrate the beneficial impact of salt stress in terms of a cost-effective approach to extract melatonin in larger quantities from St. John’s wort. They also suggest the efficiency of salicylic acid in alleviating stress tolerance and promoting growth of St. John’s wort plants.

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Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Medicinal Plants to Salt Stress

Cited by 10 publications

References 168 publications

Phytochemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from different Mentha longifolia L. accessions growing wild in Iran and Iraq

Phytochemical profile and antifungal activity of essential oils obtained from different Mentha longifolia L. accessions growing wild in Iran and Iraq

Investigating foliar application of bulk and nanoparticles titanium dioxide on fennel productivity to mitigate the negative effects of saline irrigation water

Exogenous SA Applications Alleviate Salinity Stress via Physiological and Biochemical changes in St John’s Wort Plants

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