Physiological and Molecular Insights into Mechanisms for Salt Tolerance in Plants

Deciphering trait associated morpho-physiological responses in pearlmillet hybrids and inbred lines under salt stress

“…Herein also, the osmolytes (Pro, TSP and TSS) were higher in inbred lines than pearl millet hybrids showing protective role of these osmolytes in better plant performance under salinity. This variability could have contributed towards their differential response in relative osmoprotectant and detoxification functions, and their role in buffering the cellular redox potential and protecting cellular structure under stress conditions (Sharma et al, 2021). Proteomic and physiological signatures also revealed the role of stress-related proteins in the root, mitochondrial electron transport, TCA cycle, C1-metabolism in leaf imparting stress tolerance in pearl millet (Ghatak et al, 2021).…”

“…Ion homeostasis in a plant cell ensures its growth and development in normal environments as well as under unfavorable conditions through the absorption and compartmentalization of ions. Low levels of Na + /K + ratio along with reduced Na + and Clloadings into the xylem is one of the major factor for normal functioning of the plant cell under stress conditions (Sharma et al, 2021).Similarly, K + plays a key role in a myriad of physiological functions; protein synthesis, stomata opening and closing, phloem sugar loading and also acts as an organic osmolyte. Under salt stress, equilibrium status of Na/K plays an important role in balancing the ion toxicity in the cell.…”

“…Generally, all the glycophytes show yield reductions under saline conditions owing to disturbed water and nutritional balance, decreased source to sink ratio and poor plant photosynthetic efficiency (Yadav et al, 2020). Further, reduction in the grain yield might possibly be due to decreased pollen viability, stigma receptivity, poor seed setting and reduced seed weight under saline environments that ultimately culminate in lower crop yields (Sharma et al, 2021). In this study, increasing salinity stress might have restricted the availability of growth resources for plant survival and hindered photosynthetic activity exposing them to deficient minerals nutrition and water uptake and ultimately reduced the crop (Toderich et al, 2018;Yadav et al, 2020).…”