Physiological and Morphological Assessment of the Saccule in Guinea Pigs After Noise Exposure

Hsu, Wei‐Chung; Wang, Jung‐Der; Lue, June‐Horng; Day, An-Shiou; Young, Yi‐Ho

doi:10.1001/archotol.134.10.1099

Cited by 47 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Second, it allowed us to effectively provide noise exposure to one labyrinth. Despite protective effect of anesthesia (Kim et al, 2005), the current model consistently induced significant hearing loss (~ 43dB ABR threshold shift, 7 days following the noise exposure), which is comparable to that found in earlier animal studies (Hsu et al, 2008; Tamir et al, 2010). Direct comparison of the effects of noise on vestibular end organs between the anesthetized model and awake model may provide new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying noise-induced vestibular deficits.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of high intensity noise on the vestibular system in rats

Stewart

Huang

et al. 2016

Hearing Research

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Some individuals with noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) also report balance problems. These accompanying vestibular complaints are not well understood. The present study used a rat model to examine the effects of noise exposure on the vestibular system. Rats were exposed to continuous broadband white noise (0–24kHz) at an intensity of 116dB sound pressure level (SPL) via insert ear phones in one ear for three hours under isoflurane anesthesia. Seven days after the exposure, a significant increase in ABR threshold (43.3±1.9dB) was observed in the noise-exposed ears, indicating hearing loss. Effects of noise exposure on vestibular function were assessed by three approaches. First, fluorescein-conjugated phalloidin staining was used to assess vestibular stereocilia following noise exposure. This analysis revealed substantial sensory stereocilia bundle loss in the saccular and utricular maculae as well as in the anterior and horizontal semicircular canal cristae, but not in the posterior semicircular canal cristae. Second, single unit recording of vestibular afferent activity was performed under pentobarbital anesthesia. A total of 548 afferents were recorded from 10 noise-treated rats and 12 control rats. Noise exposure produced a moderate reduction in baseline firing rates of regular otolith afferents and anterior semicircular canal afferents. Also a moderate change was noted in the gain and phase of the horizontal and anterior semicircular canal afferent’s response to sinusoidal head rotation (1 and 2Hz, 45 degrees/s peak velocity). Third, noise exposure did not result in significant changes in gain or phase of the horizontal rotational and translational vestibular-ocular reflex (VOR). These results suggest that noise exposure not only causes hearing loss, but also causes substantial damage in the peripheral vestibular system in the absence of immediate clinically measurable vestibular signs. These peripheral deficits, however, may lead to vestibular disorders over time.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Effects of high intensity noise on the vestibular system in rats

Stewart

Huang

et al. 2016

Hearing Research

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“…The results of this study were suggestive that the sacculocollic pathway may be more susceptible to noise-related damage; Hsu et al [22] correlated the loss of cVEMPs after long-term noise exposure in guinea pigs to some morphological changes in the saccule. Specifically, the cell bodies in the hair cells of the saccular maculae showed signs of atrophy and disruption in the guinea pigs with post-noise exposure cVEMP loss.…”

supporting

confidence: 54%

Evaluation of Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential in Subjects with Chronic Noise Exposure

2017

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OBJECTIVE:Noise has been recognized as a major cause of cochlear damage resulting in both tinnitus and hearing loss. On the other hand, damage to the vestibular system, especially the saccule, can be considered as a potential problem. The cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs) have been established as a clinical test of measuring both sac cular and inferior vestibular nerve function. Therefore, it is thought to be sensitive to the noise-induced damage to the vestibular system. Accordingly, this study was designed to assess the vestibular system in subjects exposed to noise during work by using cVEMPs. MATERIALS and METHODS:This study was performed in over 60 adult males who were divided into a study group (consisting of 40 adult males) with history of chronic occupational noise exposure and with variable degree of hearing levels and a control group consisting of 20 healthy adults with normal peripheral hearing, with no history of noise exposure and no vestibular complaints. cVEMP recordings were elicited using 95dB nHL click stimuli. RESULTS:There was statistically significant prolonged cVEMP latency of the P13 and N23 waves of the study versus the control groups. As regard to the sense of imbalance, there were significant prolonged cVEMPs latencies in present versus absent sense of imbalance. However, there were statistically insignificant reduced cVEMP amplitudes in present versus absent sense of imbalance. CONCLUSION:Chronic noise exposure damages the vestibular system especially the saccule in addition to cochlear damage.

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“…Sohmer (2006) proposed that via footplate vibration, intense impulse sound may produce cochlear fluid pressures (condensations/rarefactions), which propagate through the inner ear fluids and directly damage the vestibular (saccular) hair cells. Likewise, animal studies also demonstrated that the saccule can exhibit temporary and permanent VEMP loss in guinea pigs following noise exposure (Hsu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Impact On Hearing After Long Term Exposure To Gunshot Noisementioning

confidence: 95%

Ten-year longitudinal study of the effect of impulse noise exposure from gunshot on inner ear function

Young

2009

International Journal of Audiology

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This longitudinal study investigated how chronic gunshot noise exposure affects cochlear and saccular function in police officers who engaged in regular target shooting practice using dual protection (ear plugs plus earmuffs) for >10 years. In 1997, 20 male police officers underwent audiometry before and two weeks after shooting. Twelve of the original subjects were re-examined by audiometry coupled with vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) test in 2007. Significant deterioration of mean hearing thresholds at frequencies of 500 Hz through 4000 Hz was noted ten years later, affecting both ears. However, only the frequencies of 4000 and 6000 Hz on the left ear revealed significant difference in mean hearing thresholds compared with healthy controls. Abnormal VEMP responses were evident in nine police officers (75%), including absent VEMPs 7 and delayed VEMPs 2. In conclusion, deterioration to hearing may occur after long term exposure to gunshots, even when double hearing protection is used. Further study is in progress regarding how to preserve both cochlear and saccular function during long term gunshot exposure.

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Physiological and Morphological Assessment of the Saccule in Guinea Pigs After Noise Exposure

Cited by 47 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of high intensity noise on the vestibular system in rats

Effects of high intensity noise on the vestibular system in rats

Evaluation of Cervical Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potential in Subjects with Chronic Noise Exposure

Ten-year longitudinal study of the effect of impulse noise exposure from gunshot on inner ear function

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