Physiological and Pathophysiological Relevance of Nitric Oxide Synthases (NOS) in Retinal Blood Vessels

Gericke, Adrian; Buonfiglio, Francesco

doi:10.31083/j.fbl2905190

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 136 publications

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“…On the other hand, nNOS is primarily expressed in nerve terminals, skeletal muscle, and to a lesser extent in vascular SMCs, and its contribution to systemic vascular NO production is typically less significant compared to eNOS 69 . Our findings also align with previous studies that have demonstrated enhanced eNOS activity in the absence of Cav1, reinforcing the hypothesis that eNOS is the main source of the excessive NO production observed in MFS/Cav1KO mice 70,71 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Manipulation of Caveolin-1 in the Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome Associated Aortic Root Aneurysm: Effects on Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function

Curry,

Gusek,

Potter

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Marfan Syndrome (MFS) is a systemic connective tissue disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding for the large glycoprotein Fibrillin-1 (Fbn1), leading to wide-spectrum clinical manifestations, with the most life-threatening being aortic root aneurysm. MFS aortic aneurysm is known to be associated with reduced endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS)-mediated nitric oxide (NO) production. Previous studies have shown that caveolin-1 (Cav1), a coat protein of caveolae structure on the plasma membrane, acts as a negative regulator of eNOS activity. This suggests that Cav1 may play a role in the development of aortic root aneurysm in MFS by modulating eNOS activity. In this study, we investigated the role of Cav1 in regulating aortic smooth muscle and endothelial function, aortic wall elasticity, and wall strength by generating MFS mice (FBN1+/Cys1041Gly) lacking Cav1 gene expression (MFS/Cav1KO). Our data show that ablation of the Cav1 gene results in a significant decrease in aortic smooth muscle contraction in response to the vasoconstricting agent phenylephrine seemingly due to a marked increase in NO production within the aortic wall. We also showed that acetylcholine-induced vasorelaxation was increased in MFS/Cav1KO mice potentially through the endothelial nitric oxide-dependent mechanism, further confirming inhibitory role of Cav1 on endothelial NO production. In addition, aortic wall elastin fiber structure and strength were markedly improved in male MFS/Cav1KO mice. This study demonstrates the regulatory role of Cav1 during the development of aortic root aneurysm in MFS mice through its effects on smooth muscle and endothelial functions in an NO-dependent manner.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Manipulation of Caveolin-1 in the Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome Associated Aortic Root Aneurysm: Effects on Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function

Curry,

Gusek,

Potter

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Reactive retinal vasodilation may mask capillary loss in eyes without diabetic retinopathy and isolated neurodegeneration

Lima-Gómez,

Quiroz-Reyes,

Somilleda-Ventura

2024

Medical Hypotheses

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Retinal and Macular Changes in Pregnant Women of Advanced Maternal Age: A Retrospective Study

Liu,

Wen,

Zou

et al. 2024

Br J Hosp Med

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Aims/Background Pregnancy may cause physiological and pathological changes in multiple organs in a woman’s body, including the heart, liver, and eyes. With rapid advances in societies and economies, the proportion of advanced maternal age (AMA) women has significantly increased. Here, we aimed to investigate the changes in arteriole retinal diameter, venule diameter, macular layer thickness, and arteriole to venule ratio (AVR) in this population. Methods This retrospective case-control study included 523 pregnant women (1046 eyes) and was performed on both eyes. In total, 318 subjects were included in the AMA group, and 205 subjects were included in the non-AMA group. Nonmydriatic fundus photography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) were performed on the same day, and the results were analyzed for the central retinal arteriolar equivalent (CRAE), central retinal venular equivalent (CRVE), AVR, and macular thickness (9 subfields) by integrative vessel analysis and automatic OCT software. Results In both eyes, the CRAE was significantly lower in the AMA group than that in the non-AMA group (p < 0.05; respectively). The CRVE in the AMA group was higher than that in the non-AMA group (p < 0.001; respectively). Compared to the non-AMA group, the AMA group exhibited a significant reduction in macular thickness within the inner nasal, outer nasal, and inner temporal subfields of both eyes (p < 0.05; respectively). Age was significantly correlated with CRVE and AVR in both eyes of pregnant women (CRVE: p < 0.0001; AVR: p < 0.01). Conclusion This study reports variations in the diameter of the retinal vasculature and the thickness of the macula in women of AMA. It is important to consider these changes when interpreting the adverse eye outcomes experienced by women of AMA.

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Physiological and Pathophysiological Relevance of Nitric Oxide Synthases (NOS) in Retinal Blood Vessels

Cited by 9 publications

References 136 publications

Genetic Manipulation of Caveolin-1 in the Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome Associated Aortic Root Aneurysm: Effects on Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function

Genetic Manipulation of Caveolin-1 in the Mouse Model of Marfan Syndrome Associated Aortic Root Aneurysm: Effects on Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Function

Reactive retinal vasodilation may mask capillary loss in eyes without diabetic retinopathy and isolated neurodegeneration

Retinal and Macular Changes in Pregnant Women of Advanced Maternal Age: A Retrospective Study

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