Physiological and pollen-based screening of shrub roses for hot and drought environments

Bheemanahalli, Raju; Gajanayake, Bandara; Lokhande, Suresh; Singh, Kulvir; Seepaul, Ramdeo; Collins, Pam; Reddy, K. Raja

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2021.110062

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The combined effects of drought and heat stresses have been investigated in some field crops such as wheat (Qaseem et al, 2019 ), rice (Costa et al, 2021 ), barley (Zhanassova et al, 2021 ), peanut (Hamidou et al, 2013 ), canola (Elferjani & Soolanayakanahally, 2018 ), sorghum (Johnson et al, 2014 ), and soybean (Cohen et al, 2021 ) at different development stages.The above studies reported that exposure of plants to combined stresses could lead to more acute damage than individual stress. Combined stresses, particularly during the stress‐sensitive reproductive stages, decreased pollen viability (Bheemanahalli et al, 2021 ; Rang et al, 2011 ), gas exchanges (Reddy et al, 2020 ), yield, and quality parameters (Assefa et al, 2018 ) in different crops. Maize is highly sensitive to drought and heat stresses compared with other cereals (Barnabás et al, 2008 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drought and heat stresses during reproductive stage on pollen germination, yield, and leaf reflectance properties in maize (Zea mays L.)

et al. 2022

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Drought and heat stresses are the major abiotic stress factors detrimental to maize ( Zea mays L.) production. Much attention has been directed toward plant responses to heat or drought stress. However, maize reproductive stage responses to combined heat and drought remain less explored. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the impact of optimum daytime (30°C, control) and warmer daytime temperatures (35°C, heat stress) on pollen germination, morpho‐physiology, and yield potential using two maize genotypes (“Mo17” and “B73”) under contrasting soil moisture content, that is, 100% and 40% irrigation during flowering. Pollen germination of both genotypes decreased under combined stresses (42%), followed by heat stress (30%) and drought stress (19%). Stomatal conductance and transpiration were comparable between control and heat stress but significantly decreased under combined stresses (83% and 72%) and drought stress (52% and 47%) compared with the control. Genotype “Mo17” reduced its green leaf area to minimize the water loss, which appears to be one of the adaptive strategies of “Mo17” under stress conditions. The leaf reflectance of both genotypes varied across treatments. Vegetation indices associated with pigments (chlorophyll index of green, chlorophyll index of red edge, and carotenoid index) and plant health (normalized difference red‐edge index) were found to be highly sensitive to drought and combined stressors than heat stress. Combined drought and heat stresses caused a significant reduction in yield and yield components in both Mo17 (49%) and B73 (86%) genotypes. The harvest index of genotype “B73” was extremely low, indicating poor partitioning efficiency. At least when it comes to “B73,” the cause of yield reduction appears to be the result of reduced sink number rather than the pollen and source size. To the best of our awareness, this is the first study that showed how the leaf‐level spectra, yield, and quality parameters respond to the short duration of independent and combined stresses during flowering in inbred maize. Further studies are required to validate the responses of potential traits involving diverse maize genotypes under field conditions. This study suggests the need to develop maize with improved tolerance to combined stresses to sustain production under increasing temperatures and low rainfall conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of drought and heat stresses during reproductive stage on pollen germination, yield, and leaf reflectance properties in maize (Zea mays L.)

et al. 2022

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“…Furthermore, individual genotype stress response index of the shoot, root, and physiological parameters or cumulative temperature response index was used to identify potential low- and high-temperature tolerant carinata genotypes ( Figure 6 ), similar to other recent studies ( Bheemanahalli et al, 2021 ; Reddy et al, 2021 ; Ramamoorthy et al, 2022 ). Among the genotypes studied, genotype AX17009 recorded a superior root system (no change in roots between low and optimum temperatures) coupled with shoot and physiology responses than the sensitive genotype (AX17010) at the early vegetative stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Low- and High-Temperature Phenotypic Diversity of Brassica carinata Genotypes for Early-Season Growth and Development

et al. 2022

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Temperature is a major abiotic stress factor limiting plant growth and development during the early developmental stage. Information on carinata (Brassica carinata A. Braun) traits response to low and high temperatures is necessary for breeding or selecting genotypes suited for specific ecoregions, which is limited. In the present study, 12 carinata genotypes were evaluated under low (17/09°C), optimum (22/14°C), and high (27/19°C) day/night temperatures at the early developmental stage. This study quantified temperature effects on several physiological and morphological characteristics of 12-advanced carinata lines. High-temperature plants decreased (15%) the accumulation of flavonoids and increased the nitrogen balance index by 25%. Low-temperature treatment significantly inhibited the aboveground (plant height, leaf area, number, and shoot weight) and root (length, surface area, and weight) traits. Across all genotypes, the shoot weight decreased by 55% and the root weight by 49% under low temperature. On the other hand, the maximum proportion of biomass was partitioned to roots under low temperature than at the high temperature. A poor relationship (r2 = 0.09) was found between low- and high-temperature indices, indicating differences in trait responses and tolerance mechanisms. AX17004 and AX17009 with higher root to shoot ratios might be suitable for late planting windows or regions with low-temperature spells. The two genotypes (AX17015 and AX17005) accumulated higher biomass under low- and high-temperature treatments can be used for planting in later summer or early winter. The identified low- and high-temperature stress-tolerant carinata genotypes could be a valuable resource for increasing stress tolerance during the early developmental stage.

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“…In contrast, the canopy-air temperature difference was less than 2 C for P. Barbatus and P. strictus, and these plants did not decrease the shoot relative water content when the substrate volumetric water content was decreased. When receiving the same amount of irrigation water, high-water-use ornamental plants had higher canopy-air temperature differences at midday compared with low-water-use plants, and ornamental plants that performed well in arid and semi-arid regions often had lower canopy-air temperature differences (Bheemanahalli et al 2021). For instance, Rafi et al (2019) found that M. sylvestris, which requires large amounts of irrigation water to maintain acceptable visual quality, had a canopy-air temperature difference of 3.52 C, whereas drought-tolerant A.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Physiological and Canopy Temperature Responses to Drought of Four Penstemon Species

Chen

Sun

Kopp

et al. 2023

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Available water for urban landscape irrigation is likely to become more limited because of inadequate precipitation and the ever-increasing water demand of a growing population. Recent droughts in the western United States have also increased the demand for low-water-use landscapes in urban areas. Penstemon species (beardtongues) are ornamental perennials commonly grown in low-water-use landscapes, but their drought tolerance has not been widely investigated. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of water availability on the morphology, physiology, and canopy temperature of Penstemon barbatus (Cav.) Roth ‘Novapenblu’ (Rock Candy Blue® penstemon), P. digitalis Nutt. ex Sims ‘TNPENDB’ (Dakota™ Burgundy beardtongue), P. ×mexicali Mitch. ‘P007S’ (Pikes Peak Purple® penstemon), and P. strictus Benth. (Rocky Mountain penstemon). Twenty-four plants of each penstemon species were randomly assigned to blocks in an automated irrigation system, and the substrate volumetric water content was maintained at 0.15 or 0.35 m3⋅m−3 for 50 days. The decreased substrate volumetric water content resulted in a decreased aesthetic appearance of the four penstemon species because of the increased numbers of visibly wilted leaves and chlorosis. Plant growth index [(height + (width 1 + width 2)/2)/2], shoot number, shoot dry weight, leaf size, and total leaf area also decreased as the substrate volumetric water content decreased, but the root-to-shoot ratio and leaf thickness increased. Photosynthesis decreased, stomatal resistance increased, and warmer canopy temperatures were observed when plants were dehydrated. Additionally, as substrate volumetric water content decreased, the leaf reflectance of P. barbatus and P. strictus increased. Penstemon digitalis, which had the highest canopy–air temperature difference, was sensitive to drought stress, exhibiting a large proportion of visibly wilted leaves. Penstemon ×mexicali, which had the lowest root-to-shoot ratio, had the lowest shoot water content of the species studied and more than 65% of leaves visibly wilted when experiencing drought stress. Penstemon barbatus and P. strictus, native to arid regions, exhibited lower canopy–air temperature differences and better aesthetic quality than the other two species. Under the conditions of this study, Penstemon barbatus and P. strictus exhibited better drought tolerance than P. digitalis and P. ×mexicali.

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Physiological and pollen-based screening of shrub roses for hot and drought environments

Cited by 11 publications

References 62 publications

Effects of drought and heat stresses during reproductive stage on pollen germination, yield, and leaf reflectance properties in maize (Zea mays L.)

Effects of drought and heat stresses during reproductive stage on pollen germination, yield, and leaf reflectance properties in maize (Zea mays L.)

Low- and High-Temperature Phenotypic Diversity of Brassica carinata Genotypes for Early-Season Growth and Development

Physiological and Canopy Temperature Responses to Drought of Four Penstemon Species

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