Physiological and Proteomic Responses of Dairy Buffalo to Heat Stress Induced by Different Altitudes

Lan, Qin; Cao, Zhang; Yang, Xinggang; Gu, Zhaobing

doi:10.3390/metabo12100909

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The results obtained for the buffaloes transported for short periods showed that the surface temperatures of thermal windows of the head and trunk increased significantly in P2, P4, P6, and P7, that is, during the events that required handling (p < 0.0001). These responses may be associated with the loss of thermal stability in the buffaloes, a species whose optimal ambient for achieving thermoneutrality is in the range of 13-18°C (32,33).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of thermal changes in water buffalo mobilized from the paddock and transported by short journeys

et al. 2023

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Evaluating the welfare of buffaloes during transport is key to obtaining and commercializing high-quality meat products; however, effective assessments require recognizing several stressors that activate physiological mechanisms that can have repercussions on the health and productive performance of species. The aim of this study was to evaluate the surface temperatures of different body and head regions in this species during events prior, and posterior, to transport for short periods; that is, from paddock to loading. The second goal was to determine the level of correlation between thermal windows. This study used infrared thermography (IRT) to evaluate the surface temperature of 624 water buffaloes (Buffalypso breed) during 12 short trips (average duration = 2 h ± 20 min) by focusing on 11 regions of the body (Regio corporis), in the head regions (Regiones capitis) the face regions (Regiones faciei), Orbital region (Regio orbitalis) with special attention to structures such as the lacrimal caruncle, periocular area and lower eyelid (Regio palpebralis inferior); nasal region (Regio nasalis) with special attention to nostril thermal window; and regions of the skull (Regiones cranii) such as auricular region (Regio auricularis) with special attention to auditory canal and frontal–parietal region (Regio frontalis-parietalis) and trunk region (Truncus regionis) such as thoracic and abdominal regions, regions of the vertebral column (Columna vertebralis) with the thoracic vertebral region (Regio vertebralis thoracis) and lumbar region (Regio lumbalis); and regions of the pelvis limb (Regiones membri pelvini). Recordings were made during seven phases: paddock (P1), herding (P2), corral (P3), chute handling (P4), shipping (P5), pre- (P6), and post-transport (P7). A total of 48,048 readings were obtained from 11 thermal windows. The results showed that the surface temperatures of the windows increased by as much as 5°C during P2, P3, P5, P6, and P7 compared to P1 and P4 (p < 0.0001). Differences of at least 1°C were also observed between thermal windows in the craniofacial, lateral corporal, and peripheral zones (p < 0.0001). Finally, a strong positive correlation (r = 0.9, p < 0.0001) was found between the thermal windows. These findings lead to the conclusion that the surface temperature of the craniofacial and corporal regions of buffaloes transported for short periods varied in relation to the phase of mobilization (from paddock to post-transport), likely as a response to stressful factors, since herding and loading increased the thermal values in each window. The second conclusion is that there are strong positive correlations between central and peripheral thermal windows.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of thermal changes in water buffalo mobilized from the paddock and transported by short journeys

et al. 2023

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“…However, heat stress also causes cellular and molecular responses, such as an imbalance in the production of oxidants and antioxidants, resulting in oxidative stress [ 14 ]. Heat stress has been reported to cause oxidative stress in livestock animals, including dairy cattle [ 15 ], sheep [ 16 ], pigs [ 17 ], and buffaloes [ 18 ]. Oxidative stress has been linked to several pathologies in humans, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases, and cancer [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, OSi reference values for buffaloes have not been reported. Furthermore, despite the fact that some studies have reported the levels of oxidants and antioxidants in buffaloes, reference values for these biomarkers have not yet been defined [ 18 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of the Season on Blood Changes of Oxidative Stress Index in the Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalis bubalis)

De Matteis,

Flores-Villalva,

Rossi

et al. 2024

Veterinary Sciences

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Studies in cattle have shown that high temperatures increase the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) causing an imbalance between ROS and the ability of antioxidant systems to detoxify and remove the reactive intermediates. As such studies remain limited in buffalo, the effect of temperature on oxidative stress was investigated through the oxidative stress index (OSi). Blood samples were collected from 40 buffaloes over 12 time points distributed over two years (2021, 2022). Samples were taken monthly during the hot and cold seasons. Plasma free oxygen radicals were determined using the d-ROMs test (Diacron, Italy), modified for a microplate procedure, and the results were expressed in arbitrary Carratelli Units (U.CARR). Plasma antioxidants were determined by using the BAP test (Diacron) in a dedicated spectrophotometer (Carpe Diem Free, Diacron). The OSi parameter was calculated as d-ROMs/BAP × 100. Temperature and humidity were recorded daily during the trial to calculate the Temperature Humidity Index (THI). For statistical analysis, year and season and their interactions were included in the model. The results of this study showed for the first time the effect of season on the oxidative stress in buffalo. The minimum and maximum THI values for the hot and cold season recorded during the experimental period were 79.27 ± 2.20 and 63.42 ± 3.20, respectively. Levels of d-ROMs and BAP were affected by the seasons (133.0 vs. 145.1 U.CARR, p = 0.0189, and 2489.19 vs. 2392.43 mml/L, p = 0.033, in the hot and cold season, respectively). A significant year × season interaction was found both for d-ROMs and BAP (p = 0.06 and p < 0.0001, respectively). Moreover, OSi was affected by season, showing a growing trend from hot to cold season (5.35 vs. 6.17, p < 0.0001), but, interestingly, it was unaffected by annual variation. Therefore, Osi could be considered a better and independent marker of oxidative status in buffalo, with respect to the evaluation of single determinations of d-ROMs and BAP. Lastly, there were no differences in the plasma 25OHD levels between seasons; concentrations were 12.24 and 10.26 ng/mL in the hot and cold season, respectively.

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“…20,21 Existing research on HS has mostly focused on alleviating the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, mitigating oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in the body. [22][23][24] However, recent studies have highlighted the potential of L-theanine (LTA) to mitigate the harmful effects of HS by reducing inflammatory and oxidative stress responses. 25 As a unique non-protein free amino acid found in tea leaves, LTA is highly soluble in water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L‐Theanine alleviates heat stress through modulation of gut microbiota and immunity

Liu,

Wang,

Lin

et al. 2023

J Sci Food Agric

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BACKGROUNDHeat stress (HS) damages the intestines, disrupting gut microbiota and immune balance. l‐Theanine (LTA), found in tea, alleviates oxidative stress and cell apoptosis under HS; however, its effects on gut microbiota and immunity under HS remain unclear. To investigate this, we administered LTA doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg·kg−1·d−1 to C57BL/6J mice. On day 44, the model group and LTA intervention group were subjected to continuous 7‐day HS treatment for 2 h per day.RESULTSThe results demonstrated that LTA intervention improved food intake, body weight, and intestinal epithelium, and reduced the water intake of heat‐stressed mice. It increased the abundance of Turicibacter, Faecalibaculum, Bifidobacterium, and norank_f_Muribaculaceae, while reducing that of Lachnoclostridium and Desulfovibrio. LTA intervention also increased the concentrations of amino acid and lipid metabolites, regulated macrophage differentiation stimulated by gut microbiota and metabolites, reduced the antigen presentation by macrophages to the specific immune system, promoted B‐cell differentiation and sIgA secretion, inhibited pro‐inflammatory factors, and enhanced intestinal defense. Mechanistically, LTA downregulated heat shock protein 70 expression and the TLR4/NF‐κB/p38 MAPK signaling pathway, restoring gut microbiota and immune balance.CONCLUSIONWe suggest that LTA can alleviate HS by modulating gut microbiota, metabolites, and immunity, indicating its potential as a natural active ingredient for anti‐HS food products. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Physiological and Proteomic Responses of Dairy Buffalo to Heat Stress Induced by Different Altitudes

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Assessment of thermal changes in water buffalo mobilized from the paddock and transported by short journeys

Assessment of thermal changes in water buffalo mobilized from the paddock and transported by short journeys

Effect of the Season on Blood Changes of Oxidative Stress Index in the Italian Mediterranean Buffalo (Bubalis bubalis)

L‐Theanine alleviates heat stress through modulation of gut microbiota and immunity

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