Physiological and psychological differences between good and poor sleepers

Adám, K; Tomeny, Maureen; Oswald, Ian

doi:10.1016/0022-3956(86)90033-6

Cited by 169 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Electroencephalographic hyper excitability has been described in this kind of patients [13,14]. Another study has described an increment of corticosteroids and adrenaline [15]. Using PET studies, Nofzinger reported an increase of cerebral glucose metabolism in insomniac patients during sleepwake transition [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Patients with Idiopathic Insomnia

Yoaly¹,

Lechuga

Escandón

et al. 2011

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Patients with Idiopathic Insomnia

Yoaly¹,

Lechuga

Escandón

et al. 2011

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“…Urinary methylhistidine is a sign of muscle degradation and is most commonly observed after exercise. In the only sleep study that has looked at urinary methylhistidine levels, Adam et al (1986) saw no difference in levels between good and poor sleepers. It has not yet been possible to establish whether, as hoped, clear changes are noticeable for leucine, isoleucine, valine and tryptophan is available within these metabolic profiles.…”

Section: Metabonomicsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sleep Deprivation in Humans, Immunodepression and Glutamine Supplementation

Castell¹,

Gough²,

Cardenas³

et al. 2005

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“…Several studies indicated increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol in insomnia patients compared to healthy sleepers (57,68,69). In contrast, a recent study (70) showed no signifi cant differences in cortisol levels between insomnia patients and good sleepers between 19:00 and 9:00 hours.…”

Section: Chronic Insomnia and The Hyperarousal Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Other studies found evidence of higher electrodermal activity (61), muscle activity (62), and generally higher metabolic activity in insomnia patients (63). Several studies found a higher heart rate and/or smaller variability of heart rate in insomnia patients compared to healthy persons (64, 65), but several recent studies reported insignifi cant differences in heart activity between these groups (66, 67).Several studies indicated increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol in insomnia patients compared to healthy sleepers (57,68,69). In contrast, a recent study (70) showed no signifi cant differences in cortisol levels between insomnia patients and good sleepers between 19:00 and 9:00 hours.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Sleepiness: The Role of the Arousal System

Bakotić¹,

Radošević-Vidaček²

2012

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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It is generally accepted that two basic physiological processes regulate sleepiness: homeostatic and circadian rhythmic processes. Recent research has proposed the third component regulating sleepiness, that is, the wake drive or the arousal system. The role of the arousal system in regulating sleepiness has partly been addressed by the studies of the pathophysiology of insomnia, which is often described as a disorder of hyperarousal. Experimental and correlational studies on the relation between sleepiness and arousal in good sleepers have generally indicated that both physiological and cognitive arousal are related to the standard measures of sleepiness. Taking into account the role of the arousal system in regulating sleepiness widens the possibilities for the management of sleep disorders and could also help in solving the problem of excessive sleepiness at work and the wheel. KEY WORDS: circadian rhythms, insomnia, shift work, sleep homeostasis, wake driveBakotić M, and Radošević-Vidaček B. WAKE DRIVE IN SLEEPINESS REGULATION Arh Hig Rada Tokiskol 2012;63 Supplement 1: 23-34 Sleep research and sleep medicine often defi ne sleepiness as a state refl ecting physiological sleep need (1). Other terms used in addition to sleepiness are sleep propensity and sleep tendency. Sleepiness is measured by how long it takes to fall asleep, with tests such as the Multiple Sleep Latency Test (MSLT) (2) and the Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) (3). Sleepiness is also measured by behaviour such as eye closing, yawning, specifi c head movement (bobbing), facial expressions, and performance in various psychomotor and cognitive tasks (4). In the subjective domain, measurements include various single-or multi-facetted sleepiness rating scales (5, 6) and scales assessing the tendency to fall asleep in various situations (7).Although sleepiness is a normal physiological state related to sleep need, in certain cases it can be a symptom of a serious disease or condition. In such cases the term pathological or excessive sleepiness is used. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine defi nes excessive sleepiness as sleepiness that occurs in situations when a person is expected to be awake and alert (8), which interferes with person's daily functioning such as work or school performance, cognitive functioning, mood, and social interaction.Empirical data indicate that sleepiness signifi cantly contributes to vehicle accidents and that mortality in these accidents is very high, especially in persons younger than 25 years (9-12). Furthermore, sleepiness at the workplace is associated with lower performance and greater risk of occupational accidents and injuries, especially in industrial operations and transportation services (10,(13)(14)(15). Shift workers run the greatest risk of sleepiness at the workplace because their working time often coincides with the time of the day when humans are biologically programmed to sleep. 24On the other hand, shift workers often sleep at the time when circadian factors promote wakefulness, which c...

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Physiological and psychological differences between good and poor sleepers

Cited by 169 publications

References 29 publications

Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Patients with Idiopathic Insomnia

Electroencephalographic Abnormalities in Patients with Idiopathic Insomnia

Sleep Deprivation in Humans, Immunodepression and Glutamine Supplementation

Regulation of Sleepiness: The Role of the Arousal System

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