Physiological Basis of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Resistance in Seedlings of Maize Inbred Lines with Varying Levels of Silk Maysin

Ni, Xinzhi; Da, Kedong; Buntin, G. David; Brown, Steven M.

doi:10.1653/0015-4040-91.4.537

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…FAW foliar feeding, especially on the furl and whorl leaves, destroys the plant growing points and retards maize growth and development. Yield reduction has been attributed to both FAW stem tunneling, which disrupts water and nutrient uptake, as well as the extensive leaf feeding damage which causes a direct loss of photosynthates [ 7 ]. FAW-damaged ears are also predisposed to fungal attacks, rots, and mycotoxin contamination, which adversely impact grain quantity and quality [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Analysis of Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in CIMMYT Maize Lines

Kamweru

Anani

Beyene

et al. 2022

Genes

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The recent invasion, rapid spread, and widescale destruction of the maize crop by the fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)) is likely to worsen the food insecurity situation in Africa. In the present study, a set of 424 maize lines were screened for their responses to FAW under artificial infestation to dissect the genetic basis of resistance. All lines were evaluated for two seasons under screen houses and genotyped with the DArTseq platform. Foliar damage was rated on a scale of 1 (highly resistant) to 9 (highly susceptible) and scored at 7, 14, and 21 days after artificial infestation. Analyses of variance revealed significant genotypic and genotype by environment interaction variances for all traits. Heritability estimates for leaf damage scores were moderately high and ranged from 0.38 to 0.58. Grain yield was negatively correlated with a high magnitude to foliar damage scores, ear rot, and ear damage traits. The genome-wide association study (GWAS) revealed 56 significant marker–trait associations and the predicted functions of the putative candidate genes varied from a defense response to several genes of unknown function. Overall, the study revealed that native genetic resistance to FAW is quantitative in nature and is controlled by many loci with minor effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Analysis of Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in CIMMYT Maize Lines

Kamweru

Anani

Beyene

et al. 2022

Genes

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“…Maize silk produces a toxic chemical compound, favone glycoside, known as "silk maysin" which also creates a form of resistance to Lepidoptera insects when consumed (Waiss et al 1979;Snook et al 1994). Ni et al (2008) studied FAW resistance in seedlings of four CML inbred maize lines with varying silk maysin levels. The study revealed that inbred maize lines CML333 (with moderate silk maysin), CML336 (with low silk maysin) and CML338 (with high silk maysin) were resistant to FAW feeding at the seedling stage, compared to CML335 (without silk maysin) which was highly susceptible.…”

Section: Production Of Semiochemicalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Journal of Plant Protection Research

Anjorin

Odeyemi

Akinbode

et al. 2022

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Fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) (FAW) is an important invasive pest of maize. The young FAW larva disrupts the photosynthetic system by feeding on the leaves. The older caterpillar interferes with pollination and fertilization processes, destroying the tassel and silks, or it bores into the maize cob, reducing harvest quality and predisposing the cob to secondary infections. The infested plant responds by channeling or converting the primary metabolites into secondary metabolites for plant defense, further reducing crop yield. The devastating feeding effect on maize becomes even more severe when maize plants are exposed to prolonged drought, during which the production of secondary metabolites is optimum. These secondary metabolites are food for herbivorous insects like the fall armyworm. Naturally, plants possess several adaptive features which enable them to cope and survive herbivorous insect attacks without compensating yield for plant defense. Such features include: thickening of the leaf cuticle of the epidermal cell walls, production of certain allelochemicals, defense proteins and the toxic chemical compound, favone glycoside (silk maysin). This review attempts to critically appraise the physiological implications of fall armyworm damage on developmental processes and maize yield. Understanding the mechanisms of various adaptive traits that confer resistance to maize against herbivorous insect damage would assist greatly in crop improvement processes.

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“…Although the advent of GM technology cut short the efforts on breeding for native resistance (i.e., natural alleles already existing in the crop) to FAW for many multinational companies, good progress has been reported in public breeding sectors (Matova et al, 2020;Mihm, 1997). Several institutions, including CIMMYT, the US Department of Agriculture-Agriculture Research Service (USDA-ARS), the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA) and US universities, have identified and developed improved temperate, tropical and subtropical maize materials with at least partial resistance to FAW (Kumar, 2002;Mihm, 1997;Ni et al, 2008;Williams et al, 1999).…”

Section: Trait Introgression Using Faw Tolerant Parents and Genetic M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New techniques for breeding maize (Zea mays) varieties with fall armyworm resistance and market‐preferred traits for sub‐Saharan Africa

et al. 2022

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Deploying maize varieties with fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda [J.E. Smith]; FAW) resistance, desirable product profiles (PPs) and climate resilience is fundamental for food and economic security in sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). This study reviewed and identified challenges and opportunities for effective and accelerated breeding of demand‐led maize hybrids with FAW resistance and adaptation to the diverse agro‐ecologies of SSA. Lessons were drawn on improving breeding efficiency through adequate genetic variation delivered via prebreeding programmes, speed breeding and a reduced breeding stage plan. Appropriate PPs aligned with demand‐led breeding approaches were highlighted as foundations for variety design and commercialization. Challenges to accelerated FAW resistance breeding in maize included inadequate funds and modern tools; poor adaptation of some exotic donor parental lines; lack of information on FAW resistance among local varieties; lack of integration of molecular markers associated with FAW resistance and agronomic traits into selection plans; and limited infrastructure for FAW rearing and germplasm screening. Integration of modern breeding tools and scientific innovations were recommended for accelerated development and release of FAW resistant and market‐preferred maize varieties.

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Physiological Basis of Fall Armyworm (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Resistance in Seedlings of Maize Inbred Lines with Varying Levels of Silk Maysin

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Genomic Analysis of Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in CIMMYT Maize Lines

Genomic Analysis of Resistance to Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) in CIMMYT Maize Lines

Journal of Plant Protection Research

New techniques for breeding maize (Zea mays) varieties with fall armyworm resistance and market‐preferred traits for sub‐Saharan Africa

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