Physiological changes of premotor nonspiking interneurons in the central compensation of eyestalk posture following unilateral sensory ablation in crayfish

Fujisawa, Kenichi; Takahata, Masahiro

doi:10.1007/s00359-006-0175-9

Cited by 3 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…These observations suggest that the NGIs are postsynaptic to those neurons that have a capability of integrating a train of discrete PSPs into a slow and continuous membrane potential change. The NGIs themselves have a relatively long membrane time constant (16.1 ± 1.1 ms; Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007) compared with other crayfish neurons (Takahashi and Takahata, 1995; Takashima et al, 2000). Hence, a possibility is that the NGIs receive a train of discrete PSPs and convert them into a slow depolarization or hyperpolarization.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is interesting to note here that the type I neurons show bilateral imbalance in the frequency of spontaneous spike discharges immediately after unilateral labyrinthectomy, but recover bilaterally the original symmetrical activity after a short period in parallel with behavioral recovery (Shimazu and Precht, 1966; Hamann and Lannou, 1987; Smith and Curthoys, 1988a, b; Newlands and Perachio, 1990a, b, 1991; Ris et al, 1995, 1997). NGIs also show bilateral imbalance in the frequency of spontaneous PSPs just after unilateral statolith removal and recover the original symmetry in a few weeks (Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007). A difference between the type I neurons and NGIs resides in the recovery mechanism of spike discharges in the vestibular system or PSP frequencies in the statocyst system: in vertebrates, the recovery of symmetrical spike activity is thought to be based on changes in the intrinsic pacemaker activity of type I neurons (Darlington et al, 2002), whereas the recovery of symmetrical PSP frequency in crayfish NGIs is due to the recovery of symmetrical spike discharges in the neurons presynaptic to NGIs (Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NGIs also show bilateral imbalance in the frequency of spontaneous PSPs just after unilateral statolith removal and recover the original symmetry in a few weeks (Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007). A difference between the type I neurons and NGIs resides in the recovery mechanism of spike discharges in the vestibular system or PSP frequencies in the statocyst system: in vertebrates, the recovery of symmetrical spike activity is thought to be based on changes in the intrinsic pacemaker activity of type I neurons (Darlington et al, 2002), whereas the recovery of symmetrical PSP frequency in crayfish NGIs is due to the recovery of symmetrical spike discharges in the neurons presynaptic to NGIs (Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3, 7). We assume that these presynaptic spiking interneurons are responsible for the frequency changes in discrete PSPs of NGIs, both depolarizing and hyperpolarizing, in the course of central compensation following unilateral statolith removal (Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007). Our preliminary study showed, although as yet fragmentarily, that UGLIs changed their spike discharge rate in parallel with the behavioral recovery (Fujisawa and Takahata, in prep.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We previously reported that significant changes were observed in the course of central compensation in the passive membrane properties, i.e., the membrane time constant and input resistance, of NGIs as well as in their frequency of discrete synaptic potentials (Fujisawa and Takahata, 2007). These findings suggested that the compensation mechanism is not confined to a single specific site in the brain but should be sought in multiple sites including the NGIs and their presynaptic spiking cells that are intercalated between NGIs and the statocyst afferents.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Symptoms in patients with lung carcinoma

Tishelman

Degner

Rudman

et al. 2005

Cancer

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BACKGROUNDThe patient perspective on distress associated with lung carcinoma is important, yet understudied. Previous research on symptom experience generally had not differentiated the dimension symptom intensity/frequency from which symptoms are associated with most distress. The objective of the current study was to determine whether patterns of symptom intensity were similar to patterns of symptom distress, whether patterns were consistent at different time points, whether patterns varied by subgroups, and whether high symptom intensity was equivalent to distress.METHODSFour hundred adults who were newly diagnosed with inoperable lung carcinoma completed a measure of symptom intensity/frequency and a new measure of distress associated with symptoms at six time points during the first year after diagnosis. These data were supplemented by field notes by research nurses and by less structured, qualitative interviews.RESULTSThe mean ranking of distress in the total group and in all subgroups remained constant at all time points, with breathing, pain, and fatigue associated with the most distress. In contrast, the pattern of mean rank order of symptom intensity showed little consistency; however, fatigue had the highest intensity scores at all time points.CONCLUSIONSThe current data challenged the uncritical use of summated scores of different symptom items in the context of lung carcinoma. Breathing and pain appeared to function as icons representing threats associated with lung carcinoma, with distress described as related to the past and the present and to expectations for the future. One of the most promising implications of these data was in fostering a preventive paradigm for symptom palliation. Cancer 2005. © 2005 American Cancer Society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Symptoms in patients with lung carcinoma

Tishelman

Degner

Rudman

et al. 2005

Cancer

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Disynaptic and polysynaptic statocyst pathways to an identified set of premotor nonspiking interneurons in the crayfish brain

Fujisawa

Takahata

2007

J of Comparative Neurology

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Nonspiking giant interneurons (NGIs) in the crayfish brain occupy a key position in the neuronal circuit for eyestalk motor control and, hence, play a crucial role in the central compensation process following unilateral deprivation of the statocyst that functions as an equilibrium sensory system. The synaptic organization of their input pathways, however, remains unknown. In the present study we identified 11 local interneurons that were polysynaptically connected to NGIs by making simultaneous intracellular recordings. We also identified three other local interneurons that connected to NGIs monosynaptically. PLNI-2 was a nonspiking interneuron making an excitatory synaptic connection to an NGI that had its cell body on the opposite side. PLSI was a spiking interneuron that made an inhibitory connection to an ipsilateral NGI. These cells were entirely confined to the protocerebrum. Another local spiking interneuron termed UGLI-1 was found to make an excitatory connection with a contralateral NGI, extending dendrites in the anterior and posterior medial protocerebral neuropils and the lateral antenna I neuropil in the deutocerebrum where statocyst afferents project. When a depolarizing current was injected into the UGLI-1, the frequency of discrete excitatory PSPs increased remarkably in the postsynaptic NGI, each PSP following the UGLI-1 spike in one-to-one correspondence. The UGLI was previously reported to be activated monosynaptically by statocyst afferents. The present study thus finally demonstrates the tri-synaptic organization of the statocyst-to-eyestalk motor neuron pathway in its simplest form, suggesting the critical role of the UGLI-1 in the central compensation.

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Decerebration induced by surgical transection of cerebral ganglion of crayfish

Mera¹,

Ortega²,

Ruiz³

et al. 2020

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Since the neural structures of the crayfish brain closely resemble their equivalent in the mammals. This can be suggested by observing the similarity that exists in the brain divided by the surgical transection of the crayfish brain in which the protocerebrum remains attached to the first two cranial nerves, findings also described by Frederic Bremer in 1935 in cats with cerebral transection.Methods: Total 11 Adult male crayfish were trained to respond with defense reflex, the animals were placed in water at 0°C, remained without any movement, and subsequently through a small incision of 3 mm in diameter in the medial antero region and dorsal cephalothorax region, a surgical section of the cerebral ganglion was performed. Immediately after surgery, metal microelectrodes were implanted to collect the activity of the photoreceptors and visual fibers.Results: Once the defense reflex begins to recover in previously decerebrated crayfish, it means that it shows signs of reconnection. The isolated protocerebrum with the deutocerebrum olfactory lobe remain alive for several days and the neuronal connections were reestablished, as measured throughout the bilateral defense activity. The defense reflex was observed in all animals and then recovered after surgery.Conclusions: The crayfish is an excellent model to work the visual activity, all coding of visual information was suppressed in de-cerebrated crayfish. The recovery of the neural disconnection is observed from 40 days, where the defence reflex appears again before visual stimuli.

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Physiological changes of premotor nonspiking interneurons in the central compensation of eyestalk posture following unilateral sensory ablation in crayfish

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

Symptoms in patients with lung carcinoma

Symptoms in patients with lung carcinoma

Disynaptic and polysynaptic statocyst pathways to an identified set of premotor nonspiking interneurons in the crayfish brain

Decerebration induced by surgical transection of cerebral ganglion of crayfish

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