Physiological Ecology of Tropical Plants

Lüttge, Ulrich

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-03340-1

Cited by 238 publications

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“…Fritz Luth under 92% of shading. According to Lüttge (1997), shade plants contain higher total chlorophyll levels. The effect of irradiance on spore germination was analyzed (Table 2, Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Light has signaling functions for any given plant's development in the forest and is the energy source for CO 2 assimilation (Lüttge 1997). The germination of a great number of fern spores is promoted by light (Millër 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The germination of a great number of fern spores is promoted by light (Millër 1968). Nutrients as well as other factors are implicated in the growth and development of prothallus fern and in its sporophyte formation (Fernández et al 1996;1997). Borelli et al (1990) cultivated D. sellowiana spores in Jones and Knop (modified by Dyer) media and commented that the best results were obtained with decontamination carried out in a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution over a period of 10 or 20 minutes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sucrose and irradiance on germination and early gametophyte growth of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae)

Renner

Randi

2004

Acta Bot. Bras.

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RESUMO -(Efeito da sacarose e irradiância na germinação e crescimento inicial do gametófito da samambaia arbórea Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae) em perigo de extinção). Esta samambaia arbórea ameaçada de extinção ocorre na floresta ombrófila mista, nos trópicos. Esporos esterilizados germinaram a 25 ± 2ºC em fotoperíodo de 16 horas, em meios de Dyer e MS, acrescidos de 0 a 5% de sacarose. A massa seca foi maior em gametófitos de 30 dias de idade, cultivados em meio Dyer com adição de 3% a 5% de sacarose e em meio MS com adição de 2% de sacarose. A massa seca diminuiu em gametófitos crescidos em meios Dyer e MS na ausência de sacarose e em meio MS acrescido de 5% de sacarose. O efeito de diferentes irradiâncias na germinação e desenvolvimento inicial de gametófitos foi analisado no outono de 1998 (de maio a julho). Frascos cônicos contendo esporos foram mantidos durante 49 dias dentro de caixas de 50cm 3 revestidas por telas que forneceram 5, 20, 36 e 50% de irradiância. Os menores tempos médios de germinação foram observados para esporos que germinaram sob 5 e 20% de irradiância Os mais altos níveis de clorofila total foram observados em gametófitos filamentosos cultivados sob 5 e 20% de irradiância durante 49 dias. Os maiores níveis de açúcares solúveis totais foram observados em gametófitos filamentosos cultivados a 20% de irradiância durante 49 dias. Palavras-chave: açúcar, clorofila, gametófito, germinação, irradiânciaABSTRACT-(Effects of sucrose and irradiance on germination and early gametophyte growth of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae). It is an endangered tree fern that grows in mixed umbrophylus forests in the tropics. Sterilized spores were germinated at 25 ± 2ºC under a 16-hour photoperiod, in Dyer and MS medium supplemented with 0 to 5% sucrose. The germination was lower with the addition of sucrose. Dry mass was higher in 30-day-old gametophytes cultivated in Dyer medium with the addition of 3 to 5% of sucrose. The dry mass decreased in 30-day-old gametophytes cultivated in Dyer and MS media without sucrose and in MS medium with the addition of 4 or 5% of sucrose. The effect of different irradiance on the germination and early gametophyte development of D. sellowiana was analyzed in the autumn of 1998 (May until July). Conical flasks containing spores were kept over a period of 49 days in 50cm 3 boxes covered with black shade netting, which gave 5, 20, 36 and 50% of irradiance. The lower mean germination time was observed for spores cultivated under 5% and 20% of irradiance. The highest chlorophyll content was recorded in gametophytes cultivated for 49 days under 20% and 5% of irradiance .The highest soluble sugar content was recorded in gametophytes cultivated under 5% and 20% of irradiance.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of sucrose and irradiance on germination and early gametophyte growth of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae)

Renner

Randi

2004

Acta Bot. Bras.

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“…Growing in the understory alters the plant development at all levels of organization, from general architecture to biochemistry (Lüttge 1997). For instance, adjustments to low irradiance may lead to alterations in leaf thickness (increase in specific leaf area), higher chlorophyll and carotenoid content per unit weight, and yet, shade leaves may be relatively more enriched in chlorophyll b with relation to chlorophyll a, resulting in low chlorophyll a/b ratio compared to sun leaves (Evans & Poorter 2001, Souza & Válio 2003b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf optical properties of two liana species Canavalia parviflora Benth. and Gouania virgata Reissk in different light conditions

Sanches¹,

Válio²

2006

Rev. bras. Bot.

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-(Leaf optical properties of two liana species Canavalia parviflora Benth. and Gouania virgata Reissk in different light conditions). Lianas are plants that depend on support to reach some appreciable height, and they represent an important structural component of tropical forests. Although they predominate in clearings and gaps, some species survive in the understory. Changes in irradiance between these environments can affect leaf morphology and absorption of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR). We had examined the effects of different light regimes on leaf optical properties, chlorophyll content, specific leaf area, and leaf surface morphology in young seedlings of Canavalia parviflora Benth. (Fabaceae) and Gouania virgata Reissk (Rhamnaceae). The seedlings were distributed on workbenches covered by different layers of neutral shade netting, thus creating three levels of light intensity corresponding to about 40%, 10% and 1.5% of solar irradiance. Plants growing in full sun were used as a control. Both species exhibited an increase in reflectance in full sun and alterations in leaf morphology. Reduction in irradiance induced an increase in absorptance (decrease in reflectance and transmittance) in C. parviflora leaves in the green due to higher chlorophyll content. In G. virgata the spectral leaf changes were less observable. However, the efficiency of absorption was more pronounced in G. virgata than in C. parviflora leaves under 40%, 10% and 1.5% photon flux density (PFD). The greater efficiency of absorption in G. virgata was due to a larger specific leaf area (SLA) under these conditions. The adjustments in leaf optical properties can aid these species in overall carbon gain under limited light conditions. Key words -leaf absorptance, lianas, light conditions, reflectance, specific leaf area RESUMO -(Propriedades ópticas foliares de duas espécies de lianas Canavalia parviflora Benth. e Gouania virgata Reissk, em diferentes condições de luz). Lianas são plantas que dependem de um suporte para atingir uma altura apreciável, formando um importante componente das florestas tropicais. Embora sejam dominantes em clareiras, algumas espécies sobrevivem no sub-bosque. Mudanças da irradiância entre estes ambientes podem afetar a morfologia foliar e a absorção da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa. Neste estudo foram avaliadas as propriedades ópticas foliares, o conteúdo de clorofila, a área foliar específica e a morfologia da superfície foliar de duas espécies de lianas jovens Canavalia parviflora Benth. (Fabaceae) e Gouania virgata Reissk (Rhamnaceae), sob diferentes regimes de luz. Plantas jovens foram cultivadas em bancadas cobertas com sombrites possibilitando intensidades luminosas correspondentes a 40%, 10% e 1,5% da densidade de fluxo de fótons (DFF). Plantas em radiação plena foram usadas como controle. Ambas as espécies exibiram aumentos da reflectância sob radiação plena e alterações na morfologia foliar. Reduções na irradiância induziram um aumento na absorção (decréscimo na reflectância e tra...

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“…Irradiance declines exponentially with decreasing height in tropical forests (Yoda, 1978) and increased canopy illumination has a clear, positive effect on tree growth, not a surprising result since irradiance plays a prominent role in determining the carbon acquisition potential of forest plants (Lüttge, 2008). Lower growth for the tolerant species groups implies that the diameter growth rate of intolerant species groups is higher.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diameter growth performance of tree functional groups in Puerto Rican secondary tropical forests

2014

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Aim of study: Understanding the factors that control tree growth in successional stands is particularly important for quantifying the carbon sequestration potential and timber yield of secondary tropical forests. Understanding the factors that control tree growth in successional stands is particularly important for quantifying the carbon sequestration potential and timber yield of secondary tropical forests. Yet, the high species diversity of mixed tropical forests, including many uncommon species, hinders the development of species-specific diameter growth models.Area of study: In these analyses, we grouped 82 species from secondary forests distributed across 93 permanent plots on the island of Puerto Rico.Material and Methods: Species were classified according to regeneration strategy and adult height into six functional groups. This classification allowed us to develop a robust diameter growth model using growth data collected from 1980-1990. We used mixed linear model regression to analyze tree diameter growth as a function of individual tree characteristics, stand structure, functional group and site factors.Main results: The proportion of variance in diameter growth explained by the model was 15.1%, ranging from 7.9 to 21.7%. Diameter at breast height, stem density and functional group were the most important predictors of tree growth in Puerto Rican secondary forest. Site factors such as soil and topography failed to predict diameter growth.

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Physiological Ecology of Tropical Plants

Cited by 238 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of sucrose and irradiance on germination and early gametophyte growth of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae)

Effects of sucrose and irradiance on germination and early gametophyte growth of the endangered tree fern Dicksonia sellowiana Hook (Dicksoniaceae)

Leaf optical properties of two liana species Canavalia parviflora Benth. and Gouania virgata Reissk in different light conditions

Diameter growth performance of tree functional groups in Puerto Rican secondary tropical forests

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