Physiological effects of low‐magnesium feeding in the common carp, <i>Cyprinus carpio</i>

Velden, J.A. van der; Flik, G.; Spanings, F.A.T.; Verburg, T.G.; Kolář, Z.; Bonga, S.E. Wendelaar

doi:10.1002/jez.1402640302

Cited by 21 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…(1989) found dietary Mg as high as 3200 mg kg −1 had no significant effect on carcass Na concentration in tilapia. However, it has been reported that in guppy (Shim & Ng 1988) and carp (van der Velden et al. 1992) fed a low‐Mg diet, the bone Na concentration increased and Mg concentration decreased, and the authors speculated Mg was mobilized from bone and replaced by Na (van der Velden et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary magnesium did not affect calcium and phosphorus content in juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides

Lan

Mai

et al. 2009

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Most of magnesium (Mg) in fish is located in the bone. Dietary calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) has been reported to affect scales and vertebrae Mg dramatically in juvenile grouper, but the effect of dietary Mg on tissue Ca and P is unknown. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary Mg supplement on growth, feed efficiency, morphometry, and the ash and Ca, P, sodium (Na) content in scales and vertebrae of juvenile grouper. Seven experimental diets were formulated to contain graded levels of Mg by supplementing the basal diet with 0, 200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 and 2000 mg kg−1 Mg in the form of Mg sulphate (MgSO4·7H2O). Juvenile grouper with an initial body weight of 11.8 ± 0.1 g were fed to apparent satiation twice per day for 10 weeks. Dietary Mg supplement had no significant effect on growth, feed efficiency, and Mg concentration in scales and vertebrae of grouper, which indicates the Mg requirement of grouper was met in fish fed the basal diet. Mg supplements had significant effect on morphometry index such as body length, condition factor, viscera somatic index and mesenteric fat index. Extra dietary Mg supplement to the basal diet had no negative effect on ash, Ca and P concentrations in scales and vertebrae.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary magnesium did not affect calcium and phosphorus content in juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides

Lan

Mai

et al. 2009

Aquaculture Nutrition

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“…The amount of Mg 2+ absorbed through the gill epithelia directly from the water is variable among fish species. Common carp ( Cyprinus carpio) , for example, absorb at least 84% of Mg 2+ from food through the intestinal tract, and the remainder is absorbed through the gills from the water [232]. Moreover, Mg 2+ absorption by the gills can be insufficient to meet the need for Mg 2+ (Supplemental Data, Table S6), particularly in quickly growing juvenile fish [233].…”

Section: Transporters and Physiology Of Individual Ionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological perspective on the osmoregulation and ionoregulation physiology of major ions by freshwater animals: Teleost fish, crustacea, aquatic insects, and Mollusca

Griffith

2016

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry

146

136

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Anthropogenic sources increase freshwater salinity and produce differences in constituent ions compared with natural waters. Moreover, ions differ in physiological roles and concentrations in intracellular and extracellular fluids. Four freshwater taxa groups are compared, to investigate similarities and differences in ion transport processes and what ion transport mechanisms suggest about the toxicity of these or other ions in freshwater. Although differences exist, many ion transporters are functionally similar and may belong to evolutionarily conserved protein families. For example, the Na+/H+-exchanger in teleost fish differs from the H+/2Na+ (or Ca2+)-exchanger in crustaceans. In osmoregulation, Na+ and Cl− predominate. Stenohaline freshwater animals hyperregulate until they are no longer able to maintain hypertonic extracellular Na+ and Cl− concentrations with increasing salinity and become isotonic. Toxic effects of K+ are related to ionoregulation and volume regulation. The ionic balance between intracellular and extracellular fluids is maintained by Na+/K+-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), but details are lacking on apical K+ transporters. Elevated H+ affects the maintenance of internal Na+ by Na+/H+ exchange; elevated HCO3− inhibits Cl− uptake. The uptake of Mg2+ occurs by the gills or intestine, but details are lacking on Mg2+ transporters. In unionid gills, SO42− is actively transported, but most epithelia are generally impermeant to SO42−. Transporters of Ca2+ maintain homeostasis of dissolved Ca2+. More integration of physiology with toxicology is needed to fully understand freshwater ion effects.

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“…1978). Also, monovalent ions have been shown to be affected by Mg status in fish as Mg was mobilized from bone and replaced by Na in common carp with low Mg status (Van der Velden et al. 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary magnesium requirement and effects on growth and tissue magnesium content of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Liang

Liu

et al. 2011

Aquaculture Nutrition

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A growth trial was conducted to estimate the optimum concentration of dietary magnesium (Mg) for grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). Triplicate groups of grass carp (5.56 ± 0.02 g) were fed diets containing graded levels (187, 331, 473, 637, 779 and 937 mg kg )1 ) of Mg for 8 weeks.Weight gain, specific growth rate and feed efficiency were linearly increased up to 637 mg kg )1 dietary Mg and then levelled off beyond this level. For body composition, dietary Mg levels higher than 473 mg kg )1 significantly decreased the moisture content but increased the lipid content of whole body, muscle and liver. Dietary Mg levels higher than 473 mg kg )1 significantly decreased the ash contents of vertebrae, scales and muscle. Mg contents in whole body, vertebrae, scales and plasma were increased up to 637 mg kg )1 dietary Mg and then levelled off beyond this level. However, Ca and P contents seem to be inversely related to dietary Mg. Dietary Mg levels higher than 473 mg kg )1 significantly decreased Zn and Fe contents in whole body and vertebrae. Broken-line analysis indicated that 687 mg kg )1 dietary Mg was required for maximal tissue Mg storage, as well as satisfied for the optimal growth.

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Physiological effects of low‐magnesium feeding in the common carp, Cyprinus carpio

Cited by 21 publications

References 23 publications

Dietary magnesium did not affect calcium and phosphorus content in juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides

Dietary magnesium did not affect calcium and phosphorus content in juvenile grouper, Epinephelus coioides

Toxicological perspective on the osmoregulation and ionoregulation physiology of major ions by freshwater animals: Teleost fish, crustacea, aquatic insects, and Mollusca

Dietary magnesium requirement and effects on growth and tissue magnesium content of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

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