Physiological Effects of Two Different Postactivation Potentiation Training Loads on Power Profiles Generated During High Intensity Cycle Ergometer Exercise

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether postactivation potentiation (PAP) would have any effect on high intensity cycle ergometer performance. Two different squatting exercises of different loads were presented in a random fashion prior to ergometric exercise. Seven male rugby players volunteered to participate in the study. There were no significant differences observed between peak power output (PPO) measurements for all three testing conditions (P > 0.05). There were also no differences recorded between mean power outputs (MPOs) and end power outputs (EPOs) (P > 0.05). The decrease in power output (FI %) also was found to be nonsignificant for all conditions (P > 0.05). The findings of this study indicate that performance of repeated heavy squats prior to a 30-second maximal cycle ergometer exercise did not improve the power profiles recorded and did not induce PAP at the time of testing.

Acute Effects of Drop Jump Potentiation Protocol on Sprint and Countermovement Vertical Jump Performance

“…Muscle PAP is a mechanism by which power twitch is increased after previous conditioning contractions [1,12,13]. Since there are various factors involved in PAP induction and since the time of maximal induction has not yet been investigated, this study evaluated the effects of a DJ potentiation protocol on sprint time and CMJ height performance in well-trained athletes at different times.…”

“…This increase of acute power output has been related to post--activation potentiation (PAP) [11,12]. PAP is a mechanism by which muscle contractile ability is increased by a previous bout of maximal or submaximal contractions [1,13]. The precise mechanisms involved in PAP activation still remain unclear.…”

“…The precise mechanisms involved in PAP activation still remain unclear. Some theories HUMAN MOVEMENT have been suggested, such as an increase of phosphorylation in the light chains of myosin, which elevates the sensitivity of actin-myosin interaction to release Ca 2+ from the sarcoplasmatic reticulum [13,14], the modification of reflex activity in the spinal cord (H-reflex) [15], and the recruitment of a high number of motor units [1]. Previous studies have demonstrated that the manifestation of PAP depends on muscle characteristics, such as training status (particularly strength levels) [16], the distribution of fiber type [17], the contractile conditions (whether shortening or lengthening) [18], as well as an individual's training background (greater PAP in power athletes when compared to endurance athletes) [19].…”

“…Hanson et al [26] demonstrated that a single squat performed at 80% of 1RM does not improve vertical jumping performance when measured immediately after the potentiation protocol in resistance-trained athletes. Parry et al [13] observed that 5 back squats at 90% of 1RM have no effect on maximal cycle ergometer performance when executed 20 min later in male rugby players. Moreover, Lloyd and Deutsch [27] did not observe any effect on sprint performance after a 3-repetition maximum squat (post-10 min) and showed an impairment in 5 m split and 20 m sprint times (post-10 min) by the countermovement jump potentiation protocol.…”

Protocolos de pré-ativação neuromuscular simples e combinado

“…Quanto aos efeitos de protocolos simples em testes máximos de 30 s, Parry et al (2008) não observaram aumento da Pmáx e Pméd quando duas intensidades distintas de agachamento (30% e 90% de 1RM) foram realizadas previamente ao teste de Wingate (teste máximo de 30s no cicloergometro). A ausência de efeitos de PPA do estudo citado pode estar atrelada ao intervalo de vinte minutos adotado entre a PA e a atividade principal, uma vez que a literatura, apesar de não estabelecer um consenso quanto ao tempo ótimo entre os exercícios resistidos e as atividades explosivas subsequentes, reporta metodologias que utilizaram períodos que variaram de esforços imediatos até 18,5 minutos (KILDUFF et al, 2008).…”