Physiological investigations into the resistance of a wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) biotype to auxinic herbicides

Abstract

Summary: Résumé: Zusammenfassung Possible mechanism(s) of resistance to auxinic herbicides in wild mustard (Sinapis arvensis L.) were investigated by characterizing responses of susceptible and resistant biotypes to 2,4‐D, di‐camba or picloram. No differences between bio‐types were observed in absorption, translocation, or metabolism of foliar‐applied radiolabelled herbicides. In contrast, the levels of ethylene production varied between biotypes. The susceptible biotype produced twofold and sixfold more ethylene than the resistant biotype within 4 h and 44 h of herbicide application, respectively. These results suggest that the mechanism of resistance in wild mustard is not due to differences in absorption, translocation, or metabolism. Ethylene production studies imply that resistance to auxinic herbicides may be attributed to altered target site(s) of action. Bases physiologiques de la résistance aux herbicides auxiniques d'un biotype de moutarde des champs (Sinapis arvensis L.) Les mécanismes possibles de la résistance aux herbicides auxiniques chez la moutarde des champs (Sinapis arvensis L.) ont été recherchés en caractérisant les réponses de biotypes résis‐tants et sensibles au 2,4‐D, au dicamba et au pi‐clorame. Aprés application des herbicides radioactifs sur le feuillage, aucune différence d'absorption, de migration ou de métabolisme n'a été observée. Par contre, la production d'éthylene différait entre les biotypes. Le biotype sensible produisait 2 et 6 fois plus d'éthylène que le biotype sensible, respectivement 4 et 44 heures après l'application d'herbicide. Ces résultats sug‐gèrent que la résistance aux herbicides auxiniques chez la moutarde des champs n'est pas due à des différences d'absorption, de migration ou de métabolisme mais pourrait provenir d'une altération du site d'action. Physiologische Untersuchung der Resistenz eines Acker‐Senf‐(Sinapis arvensis‐) Biotyps gegenüber Wuchsstoffherbiziden Der mögliche Mechanismus der Resistenz gegenüber Wuchsstoffherbiziden beim Acker‐Senf (Sinapis arvensis L.) wurde unhand der Reaktion von empfindlichen und resistenten Biotypen gegenüber 2,4‐D, Dicamba oder Picloram untersucht. Hinsichtlich Absorption, Translokation oder Metabolismus der auf die Blätter applizierten, radioaktiv markierten Her‐bizide wurden keine Unterschiede beobachtet. Die Ethylenbildung variierte jedoch zwischen den Biotypen. Der empfindliche produzierte in‐nerhalb 4 oder 44 Stunden nach der Herbizid‐applikation 2‐bzw. 6mal mehr Ethylen als der resistente. Aus den Ergebnissen läßt sich schließen, daß beim Acker‐Senf der Resisten‐zmechanismus nicht in der Absorption, der Translokation oder dem Metabolismus liegt, sondern die Ethylenbildung daran beteiligt ist, wo die Wirkorte fur die Wuchsstoffherbizide liegen.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 8. Sinapis arvensis. L. (updated)

“…Differential sensitivity of auxinic R and S biotypes appeared to be related to differences in the regulation of herbicide-induced ethylene biosynthesis Peniuk et al 1993), where the S biotype produced more ethylene than the R biotype following picloram treatment. Biotype differences were detected in auxin-binding proteins (ABP); the R biotype lacked a high-affinity population of ABP that was present in the S biotype.…”

Interactions of Auxinic Compounds on Ca2+ Signaling and Root Growth in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>

“…Auxinic herbicideresistant seedlings of wild mustard exhibited a wide range of resistance to auxinic herbicides: picloram and dicamba >> 2,4-D and MCPA [4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid] >>> mecoprop and 2,4-DP [2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) propionic acid] [52]. The absorption, translocation, and metabolism of foliar-applied 2,4-D, dicamba and picloram did not differ in resistant and susceptible biotypes, but inhibition of IAA binding in preparations of auxin-binding-protein (ABP) by picloram and dicamba was greater in sensitive versus resistant biotype [53]. Mecoprop inhibited IAA binding equally in both biotypes.…”

Transfer of auxinic herbicide resistance from Brassica kaber to Brassica juncea and Brassica rapa through embryo rescue

“…These B. kaber biotypes were highly resistant to dicamba and moderately resistant to 2,4-D (Heap and Morrison 1992). The auxinic herbicide-resistant (R) B. kaber biotype has been used as a model species to investigate the physiological, biochemical, and molecular basis of resistance to these herbicides (Penuik et al 1993; Webb and Hall 1995; Hall et al 1996; Zheng and Hall 2001; Mithila and Hall 2007; Mithila et al 2012). …”