Physiological limitations to carvone yield in caraway (Carum carvi L.)

Bouwmeester, Harro J.; Davies, Jacques A. R.; Smid, H.G.; Welten, Ronald S.A.

doi:10.1016/0926-6690(95)00009-2

Cited by 31 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…This implies that limonene is both an intermediate in the biosynthesis of carvone as well as the end product (Bouwmeester et al 1995). The biosynthesis of monoterpenes limonene and carvone in the fruits of caraway proceeds from geranyl diphosphate via a three-step pathway.…”

Section: Essential Oil Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of caraway essential oil from different production areas of Serbia

Aćimović¹,

Oljača²,

Tešević³

et al. 2014

Hortic. Sci.

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Caraway fruits contain essential oils that give caraway its characteristic aroma. This paper evaluates quantity and composition of the essential oil from the annual caraway grown in different production areas of Serbia. Experiments were conducted in three production areas: Banat, Bačka and Srem, during two years. The fruits contained 3.95% of oil on average. The highest content of essential oil was obtained in the production area of Banat, a part of Serbia where environmental conditions are very favourable for cultivation of medicinal plants. Weather conditions have not a significant influence on the content of essential oil in caraway fruits. However, weather conditions as well as production region had a great influence on seed yield and essential oil yield. There were 22 compounds determined in caraway essential oil by GC/MS. The main components were carvone and limonene, whose mixture constituted from 97.69 to 98.62% of total oil composition. Carvone/limonene ratio was 0.58% on average, therefore, it can be concluded that this annual caraway belongs to limonene chemotype.

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Section: Essential Oil Constituentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are approximately 30 compounds in caraway essential oil, among which carvone and limonene account compose about 95%. Other components are present in small proportions (Bouwmeester et al 1995). Based on experiments, these two components from caraway essential oil have a wide range of application.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of caraway essential oil from different production areas of Serbia

Aćimović¹,

Oljača²,

Tešević³

et al. 2014

Hortic. Sci.

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show abstract

“…Although both forms produce an essential oil that consists predominantly of carvone and limonene, the fruits of annual caraway varieties generally have a lower essential oil content than the fruits of biennial varieties (Bouwmeester and Kuijpers, 1993), probably because of a greater carbon partitioning to essential oil formation in biennial caraway (Bouwmeester et al, 1995a). In addition, biennial caraway usually has a higher carvone-to-limonene ratio.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Whereas limonene accumulation predominates in the early stages of development, carvone accumulation predominates in the later stages such that, when the fruits mature, carvone and limonene contents are approximately equal (Von Schantz and Ek, 1971;Bouwmeester and Kuijpers, 1993;Bouwmeester et al, 1995a). Although it has been suggested that carvone and limonene accumulation continue until fruit maturity (Von Schantz and Ek, 1971;Von Schantz and Huhtikangas, 1971), Bouwmeester et al (1995a) showed that carvone and limonene accumulation ceases several weeks before.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of the Monoterpenes Limonene and Carvone in the Fruit of Caraway1

Bouwmeester¹,

Gershenzon

Konings³

et al. 1998

Plant Physiology

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148

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“…In various studies the essential oil yields ranged from 0.47% to 7.00% (2,4,17,21,28,(31)(32). Carvone and limonene have been mentioned as the main essential oil constituents (2,4,10,12,14,16,17,19,21,24,26,27,(30)(31).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The content and composition of the essential oil Found inCarum carviL. commercial fruits obtained from different countries

Raal

Arak

Orav

2012

Journal of Essential Oil Research

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Caraway (Carum carvi L., Apiaceae) is a very popular spice and herb, which is widely applied in the food and pharmaceutical industry. Variations in the essential oil content and composition in twenty commercial caraway samples obtained from retail pharmacies and health shops in different countries were determined using hydrodistillation and capillary GC techniques. The essential oil yields ranged from 0.6% to 5.4%. Eighteen compounds, comprising more than 97% of the composition of oil, were identified in the caraway essential oils. The main components of the oils in caraway seeds were carvone (44.5-95.9%) and limonene (1.5-51.3%). Between the content of carvone and limonene the negative correlation -0.999 (p<0.01) was found. Additionally, b-myrcene (0-0.4%), trans-dihydrocarvone (0-0.5%), and trans-carveole (0-0.2%), as well as a-pinene, sabinene, n-octanal, trans-b-ocimene, c-terpinene, linalool, cis-and trans-limonene oxide, cis-dihydrocarvone, cis-carveol, perillaldehyde, trans-anethole, and trans-b-caryophyllene were found in caraway oils. The content and composition of the essential oils in commercial caraway seeds is remarkably variable and conformed with the European Pharmacopoeia standards only in four samples among the 20 commercial caraway samples studied. The carvone and carvone-limonene chemotypes were found.

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Physiological limitations to carvone yield in caraway (Carum carvi L.)

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Evaluation of caraway essential oil from different production areas of Serbia

Evaluation of caraway essential oil from different production areas of Serbia

Biosynthesis of the Monoterpenes Limonene and Carvone in the Fruit of Caraway1

The content and composition of the essential oil Found inCarum carviL. commercial fruits obtained from different countries

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