Physiological Limits to Zinc Biofortification of Edible Crops

White, Philip J.; Broadley, Martin R.

doi:10.3389/fpls.2011.00080

Cited by 239 publications

(213 citation statements)

References 155 publications

(320 reference statements)

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“…Concentration of Zn in the tuber of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is generally low (i.e., 10-20 mg kg −1 ) due to limited translocation of Zn from shoots to tubers via the phloem, although there is significant variation between genotypes and concentrations up to ca. 30 mg kg −1 are achievable with foliar Zn application (White and Broadley 2011;White et al 2012). Hence, Zn biofortification of potatoes appears to be feasible, in principle.…”

Section: Baseline Dietary Zn Supplies and Deficiency Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

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Zinc-enriched fertilisers as a potential public health intervention in Africa

Stein²,

et al. 2015

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Background In this review, we examine the potential of Zn-enriched fertilisers to alleviate human dietary Zn deficiency. The focus is on ten African countries where dietary Zn supply is low and where fertiliser subsidies are routinely deployed on cereal crops. Scope Dietary Zn supply and deficiency prevalence were quantified from food supply and composition data. Typical effects of soil (granular) and foliar Zn applications on Zn concentrations in maize (Zea mays L.), rice (Oryza sativa L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grains were based on a systematic literature review. Reductions in disease burdens attributable to Zn deficiency and cost-effectiveness were estimated using a disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) approach. Conclusions Baseline Zn supply in 2009 ranged from 7.1 (Zambia) to 11.9 (Mali) mg capita −1 day −1

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Section: Baseline Dietary Zn Supplies and Deficiency Prevalencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, a more effective strategy for increasing grain Zn concentrations might be via foliar sprays. With foliar application, Zn is absorbed by the leaf epidermis, remobilized and transferred to the grain through the phloem (Fernández and Eichert 2009;White and Broadley 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zinc-enriched fertilisers as a potential public health intervention in Africa

Stein²,

et al. 2015

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“…For regions where micronutrient deficiencies are dominant White and Broadley (2011) suggest genetic biofortification to increase calcium levels in the leaves of Brassica spp., onion, spinach and the roots of carrots, cassava and plantain. Furthermore, Broadley and White (2010) add that specific grain fertilization could alleviate some zinc deficiencies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urbanization and the Two Tails of Malnutrition in Tanzania

Ameye

2016

SSRN Journal

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in AbstractIt is increasingly recognized that urbanization is accompanied by profound changes in African diets. Some studies hold the hope that urbanization will help eradicate hunger and undernourishment, both still prominent issues in the region. Others have warned that urbanization may actually shift the problem from the left to the right tail of the food consumption distribution, with urban diets being dominated by high-calorie processed foods and an excessive intake of oil and sugar.Throughout the literature, most datasets simply provide aggregated nutritional information and lack the necessary level of granularity hampering investigation into these issues. Most studies also aggregate everything from small towns to megacities into a single 'urban' category, potentially missing important heterogeneity with respect to dietary change. This paper overcomes these problems by using a dataset of 1,498 households from Tanzania, each of whom completed a 2-week consumption diary that records detailed information on the quantity and characteristics of all food consumed. This allows us to calculate the macro-and micronutrient content of these diets. Dietary differences across urban and rural households are documented using OLS regressions and the doubly robust estimation method. These analyses are split into separate income groups to account for income heterogeneity. Our results caution against generalizations about urban diets as "right tail" theories have done. Firstly, we observe that the average urban household has a more wholesome diet indicating that micronutrient deficiencies are less prominent. This thus contradicts theories stating that urban diets are unhealthy. On the one hand, low and middle income urban households from our sample area meet the daily recommended values of most nutrients, making their diet more fulfilling compared to that of rural households. On the other hand, rich urban and rural households are found to overconsume, yet urban households tend to be less extreme. Secondly, when disaggregating urban areas into various categories, it is found that secondary towns present favourable diets and although larger cities such as Dodoma and Dar Es Salaam show higher levels of consumption, sufficient micronutrients are taken in and unhealthy substances do not reach alarmingly high levels.

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“…Many industrialized crops contain inherently low mineral concentrations as production is mainly geared to produce volume and appearance only. Modern human diets are, therefore, typically dominated by energydense but nutrient-poor foods that lack sufficient Zn for people's adequate nutrition (Graham et al 2001;White and Broadley, 2011). Moreover, the prevalence of Fe and Zn deficiency is especially high in areas with low intake of animal products and high intake of phytates and phenolic compounds, which reduce Fe and Zn bioavailability, e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If mineral plant nutrients are absent they must be applied to crops as fertilizers. It is, thus, expected that successful biofortification is best achieved through a combination of genetic and agronomic biofortification processes (Cakmak 2008;White and Broadley 2011;Joy et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Andean potatoes be agronomically biofortified with iron and zinc fertilizers?

Kromann¹,

Valverde

Alvarado

et al. 2016

Plant Soil

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Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the proofof-concept that Andean potato (Solanum tuberosum L., Andigenum Group) can be agronomically biofortified with iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) fertilizers. Methods Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted in the Ecuadorian Andes with varying rates of foliar and soil applied Fe and Zn fertilizers to investigate the potential resulting increase in tuber Fe and tuber Zn concentrations.Results The study showed that simple fertilizer practices enhancing Zn supply to potato plants can increase tuber Zn concentrations. The rate of increase of tuber Zn following Zn fertilization was similar across cultivars. A concomitant negative effect of high rates of Zn applications on yield was not seen, and a maximum Zn application level for increasing tuber Zn concentration was not identified. A positive tuber yield effect was seen at one field site. High rates of foliar Zn application reached a 2.51-fold tuber Zn increase, and high rates of soil Zn application a 1.91-fold tuber Zn increase. The experiments showed no positive correlation between Fe fertilization and Fe concentration in tubers. Moreover, the study showed a strong effect of site on the concentration of Fe and Zn in tubers, and the tuber mineral concentrations across sites and treatments were negatively correlated with tuber yield. Conclusions The results confirmed the proof of concept that Andean potato cultivars can be agronomically Znbiofortified with foliar and soil applied Zn fertilizers. Tuber Fe concentrations of Andean potatoes were not increased with Fe fertilization.

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Physiological Limits to Zinc Biofortification of Edible Crops

Cited by 239 publications

References 155 publications

Zinc-enriched fertilisers as a potential public health intervention in Africa

Zinc-enriched fertilisers as a potential public health intervention in Africa

Urbanization and the Two Tails of Malnutrition in Tanzania

Can Andean potatoes be agronomically biofortified with iron and zinc fertilizers?

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