Physiological monitoring systems attached to the bed and sanitary equipments

Togawa, Tatsuo; Tamura, Toshiyo; Zhou, Jianxin; Mizukami, Hiroyuki; Ishijima, Masa

doi:10.1109/iembs.1989.96289

Cited by 17 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Probably the first publication addressing the toilet seat for electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements was published in 1989 [26], already with a home monitoring scenario in mind. In the following years, the system was extended to include more measurements as body weight and feces weight [25].…”

Section: Establishing a Toilet For Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unobtrusive and comprehensive health screening using an intelligent toilet system

Schlebusch¹,

Fichtner²,

Mertig³

et al. 2015

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

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Home monitoring is a promising technology to deal with the increasing amount of chronically ill patients while ensuring quality of medical care. Most systems available today depend on a high degree of interaction between the user and the device. Especially for people relying on advanced levels of care, this scheme is impracticable. In this paper, we are presenting an "intelligent toilet" performing an extensive health check while being as simple to use as a conventional toilet. The main focus of the system is to support the treatment of diabetes and chronic heart failure, but additional applications are possible.

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Section: Establishing a Toilet For Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unobtrusive and comprehensive health screening using an intelligent toilet system

Schlebusch¹,

Fichtner²,

Mertig³

et al. 2015

Biomedical Engineering / Biomedizinische Technik

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“…Whenever a person sits on a chair16 or on a toilet,17 sleeps in a bed,18,19 sits in a bathtub,20 or even takes a shower,21 the heartbeat can be monitored conveniently, without disturbing the person.…”

Section: Health Care Worldwide Todaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since the first accurate recording of an electrocardiogram (ECG) reported by Willem Einthoven in 1895, heartbeat measurement has come a long way and are now available for use in various situations. Whenever a person sits on a chair 16 or on a toilet, 17 sleeps in a bed, 18 , 19 sits in a bathtub, 20 or even takes a shower, 21 the heartbeat can be monitored conveniently, without disturbing the person.…”

Section: Health Care Worldwide Todaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Health care – an everlasting challenge in temporal and spatial domains

Chen¹

2010

JMDH

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Health care is an everlasting challenge that requires effort at all levels, from national and organizational to individual domains, over a long-term period. This article reviews the historical development of health care-related issues worldwide and accentuates the necessity of health care in the current era. Through investigating the historical background in both the occidental and the oriental worlds and the latest achievements from academic and industrial endeavors, many lessons can be learnt, and as a result, an integrative strategy is proposed to meet today’s pressing needs. A government-funded project, “Challenge to 100 years of age”, which involved more than 600 residents in west Aizu village, lasted over 15 years. After reviewing its outcomes, a metrology of health based upon the three-dimensional phase space, which integrates with social well-being, mental status, and physical condition for a lifelong span, is advocated as a measure of the holistic view of health state.

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“…Both the measurement location and the use of dry electrodes increase the noise present in the captured signal and reduce the amplitude of the ECG signal. Despite these challenges, the literature shows that it is possible to capture an ECG from a toilet seat [ 35 - 40 ]. Only the work presented in by Baek et al [ 38 ] has quantitatively compared the ECG from a toilet seat to a gold-standard ECG measure, where capacitive electrodes on the seat and wet electrodes placed adjacent on the thigh were compared with a standard limb lead ECG.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontraditional Electrocardiogram and Algorithms for Inconspicuous In-Home Monitoring: Comparative Study

Conn¹,

Schwarz²,

Borkholder³

2018

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth

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BackgroundWearable and connected in-home medical devices are typically utilized in uncontrolled environments and often measure physiologic signals at suboptimal locations. Motion artifacts and reduced signal-to-noise ratio, compared with clinical grade equipment, results in a highly variable signal quality that can change significantly from moment to moment. The use of signal quality classification algorithms and robust feature delineation algorithms designed to achieve high accuracy on poor quality physiologic signals can prove beneficial in addressing concerns associated with measurement accuracy, confidence, and clinical validity.ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to demonstrate the successful extraction of clinical grade measures using a custom signal quality classification algorithm for the rejection of poor-quality regions and a robust QRS delineation algorithm from a nonstandard electrocardiogram (ECG) integrated into a toilet seat; a device plagued by many of the same challenges as wearable technologies and other Internet of Things–based medical devices.MethodsThe present algorithms were validated using a study of 25 normative subjects and 29 heart failure (HF) subjects. Measurements captured from a toilet seat-based buttocks electrocardiogram were compared with a simultaneously captured 12-lead clinical grade ECG. The ECG lead with the highest morphological correlation to buttocks electrocardiogram was used to determine the accuracy of the heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV), which used the standard deviation of the normal-to-normal (SDNN) intervals between sinus beats, QRS duration, and the corrected QT interval (QTc). These algorithms were benchmarked using the MIT-BIH Arrhythmia Database (MITDB) and European ST-T Database (EDB), which are standardized databases commonly used to test QRS detection algorithms.ResultsClinical grade accuracy was achieved for all buttocks electrocardiogram measures compared with standard Lead II. For the normative cohort, the mean was −0.0 (SD 0.3) bpm (N=141 recordings) for HR accuracy and −1.0 (SD 3.4) ms for HRV (N=135). The QRS duration and the QTc interval had an accuracy of −0.5 (SD 6.6) ms (N=85) and 14.5 (SD 11.1) ms (N=85), respectively. In the HF cohort, the accuracy for HR, HRV, QRS duration, and QTc interval was 0.0 (SD 0.3) bpm (N=109), −6.6 (SD 13.2) ms (N=99), 2.9 (SD 11.5) ms (N=59), and 11.2 (SD 19.1) ms (N=58), respectively. When tested on MITDB and EDB, the algorithms presented herein had an overall sensitivity and positive predictive value of over 99.82% (N=900,059 total beats), which is comparable to best in-class algorithms tuned specifically for use with these databases.ConclusionsThe present algorithmic approach to data analysis of noisy physiologic data was successfully demonstrated using a toilet seat-based ECG remote monitoring system. This approach to the analysis of physiologic data captured from wearable and connected devices has future potential to enable new types of monitoring devices, providing new insights through daily, i...

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Physiological monitoring systems attached to the bed and sanitary equipments

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Unobtrusive and comprehensive health screening using an intelligent toilet system

Unobtrusive and comprehensive health screening using an intelligent toilet system

Health care – an everlasting challenge in temporal and spatial domains

Nontraditional Electrocardiogram and Algorithms for Inconspicuous In-Home Monitoring: Comparative Study

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Physiological monitoring systems attached to the bed and sanitary equipments

Cited by 17 publications

References 3 publications

Unobtrusive and comprehensive health screening using an intelligent toilet system

Unobtrusive and comprehensive health screening using an intelligent toilet system

Health care &ndash; an everlasting challenge in temporal and spatial domains

Nontraditional Electrocardiogram and Algorithms for Inconspicuous In-Home Monitoring: Comparative Study

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Health care – an everlasting challenge in temporal and spatial domains