Physiological, morphological and biochemical characteristics of the sexual propagation of Piper aduncum (Piperaceae)

Abstract

-(Physiological, morphological and biochemical characteristics of the sexual propagation of Piper aduncum (Piperaceae)). In this work we attempted to characterize the diaspores and the germination process of Piper aduncum L., as well as to verify the influence of the interaction between presence and absence of light (photoperiod of 12 hours and dark) and temperature (25 °C, 30 °C and 20-30 °C) and also of gibberellin (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L -1 ) on the root protrusion and normal seedlings formation. The diaspores are very small with a thousand seed weight of 0.3645 g, 13% moisture and protein reserve. Diaspores are strict positively photoblastic in the tested temperature range and the optimum temperature for root protrusion was 30 °C, while for normal seedlings was 25 °C. The previous permanence in the dark led to an increase in the speed of root protrusion and percentage and speed of seedling formation. The application of gibberellic acid negatively interfered with the protrusion and growth of the radicle while favoring the elongation of hypocotyls.Key words -germination, gibberellin, light, post-germination, temperature RESUMO -(Características fisiológicas, morfológicas e bioquímicas da propagação sexual de Piper aduncum (Piperaceae)). Buscou-se neste trabalho efetuar a caracterização dos diásporos maduros e do processo germinativo de Piper aduncum L., bem como verificar a influência da interação entre presença e ausência de luz (fotoperíodo de 12 horas e escuro) e temperaturas (25 °C, 30 °C e 20-30 °C) e do ácido giberélico (0, 50, 100, 200 e 400 mg L -1 ) sobre a germinabilidade e o vigor, considerando a protrusão radicular e as plântulas normais. Os diásporos são diminutos com peso de 0,3645 g para mil sementes, 13% de umidade e reserva protéica. São fotoblásticos positivos estritos, na faixa de temperatura testada e a temperatura ótima para a protrusão radicular foi 30 °C, enquanto que para a formação de plântulas normais foi 25 °C. A prévia permanência no escuro levou a um aumento na velocidade de protrusão radicular, e, principalmente, a porcentagem e velocidade de formação de plântulas foram favorecidas. A aplicação de ácido giberélico influenciou negativamente na protrusão e no crescimento da radícula e favoreceu o alongamento do hipocótilo.

Seed germination of the invasive species Piper aduncum as influenced by high temperature and water stress

“…Dormancy in seeds of this species has neither been reported in literature, nor found in this study. In this study P. aduncum had a maximum germination percentage above 80% in all experiments, which was immediate compared with previous reports (Rocha et al ., ; Silva et al ., ; Dousseau et al ., ). Our results showed that P. aduncum seeds failed to germinate at temperatures above 35°C (Fig.…”

“…These habitats are usually characterised by high light intensity and enhanced fluctuations in temperature and water availability. High light intensity favours the germination of P. aduncum seeds, which are positively photoblastic and do not germinate in the dark (Rocha et al ., ; Dousseau et al ., ), but how seeds of this species respond to high temperature and water restriction remains unknown. The study reported here investigated the responses of P. aduncum seed germination to temperature and water potential, with the intention of improving our understanding of its advantages and limitations as an invasive species.…”

Effects of High Temperature and Water Stress on Seed Germination of the Invasive Species Mexican Sunflower

“…Both Mexican sunflower and bamboo piper are native to Mexico and Central America, and have become plant invaders in Xishuangbanna. As invasive species, they are both prolific seed producers, with the capability to produce small but numerous viable seeds every year, have rapid growth, high rates of biomass accumulation, a short juvenile period and high reproductive efforts [ 2 , 7 , 20 – 22 ], all attributes which are thought to contribute to invasiveness [ 19 , 23 , 24 ]. On the other hand, deforestation and habitat disturbance in this area in past decades [ 25 ] increased resource availability for these invaders, for these changed biotic and abiotic conditions [ 26 – 30 ], and are widely recognized as a primary influence to make the habitat more susceptible to invasion, or even become a crucial driver of invasion [ 31 – 35 ].…”

“…On the other hand, deforestation and habitat disturbance in this area in past decades [ 25 ] increased resource availability for these invaders, for these changed biotic and abiotic conditions [ 26 – 30 ], and are widely recognized as a primary influence to make the habitat more susceptible to invasion, or even become a crucial driver of invasion [ 31 – 35 ]. Although its seeds are small and strict positively photoblastic [ 20 ], bamboo piper dominates only relatively cool and wet habitats like forest ridges and remains an intermediate invader in Xishuangbanna [ 8 ] while Mexican sunflower can colonize bare ground and form monospecific stands, and demonstrates stronger invasiveness in this area [ 4 , 7 ].…”

Germination bi­ology of Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch. (Vi­taceae)

“…Positive correlation of percent of germination also was shown for Clausena excavata Burm. f. (Vieira et al 2010), Piper aduncum L. (Rocha et al 2005;Dousseau et al 2011), Crassocephalum crepioides (Benth.) S. Moore, Ageratum conyzioides L. (Yuan & Wen 2018), Rumex confertus L. (Kołodziejek & Patykowski 2015) and numerous other invasive plant species.…”