Physiological parameters and protective energy dissipation mechanisms expressed in the leaves of two Vitis vinifera L. genotypes under multiple summer stresses

Sentinel-2 Validation for Spatial Variability Assessment in Overhead Trellis System Viticulture Versus UAV and Agronomic Data

“…VPS has undoubted advantages such as the possibility of high planting densities (over 5000 vines/ha), easy mechanization, and better air circulation through vegetation [55], but at the same time it has the disadvantage of creating a high exposure degree of the fruiting zone, so in warm climates there is a high risk of sunburn damage, especially in a global warming scenario [66,67].…”

“…Many key fruit attributes such as soluble solids, color, aroma compounds, and phenols can be optimized in warm sites by reducing berry temperature with moderate fruit exposure [55]. Moreover, it is necessary to develop suitable cultivation techniques to overcome or at least buffer, in the short-and medium-term, the negative effects deriving from climate change [66,67]. Currently, these vine training solutions are gaining interest due to the natural shading of bunches and radiative stress protection in the context of global warming [68].…”

Nebulized water cooling of the canopy affects leaf temperature, berry composition and wine quality of Sauvignon blanc

“…One of the most direct physiological responses to water depletion in the soil is the lowering of stomatal conductance, which is regulated by various signals with chemical, hydraulic and molecular origins . Such extreme environmental conditions can lead to a severe inhibition of the photosynthetic process, by affecting the vegetative growth and, as a consequence, the yield and grape composition, even threatening the plants . Under these conditions, plants react by several protection mechanisms aimed at preventing photo‐oxidative damage through the dissipation of excess thermal energy (e.g.…”

“…Under these conditions, plants react by several protection mechanisms aimed at preventing photo‐oxidative damage through the dissipation of excess thermal energy (e.g. xanthophyll cycle, increased photorespiration and Mehler reaction) . The concurrent action of high temperature and light, which are common in Mediterranean regions, especially during the hottest hours of the summer, causes a massive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) like H 2 O 2 , O 2 − , OH − and O 2 .…”

“…These conditions, particularly in August, can easily cause limitation in photosynthetic efficiency, berry sunburn and shriveling, especially in grapevine varieties characterized by early ripening. Excess of irradiance and temperature are the major factors affecting these negative phenomena …”