Physiological Parameters, Harvest Index and Yield of Deficient Irrigated Cotton

Heuer, Bruria; Nadler, Arie

doi:10.1300/j144v02n02_09

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Earl and Davis (2003) reported that reduced HI was the largest component responsible for corn yield reduction in mild water deficit stress conditions. In contrast, Heuer and Nadler (2000) reported in cotton an increase in HI in water‐limited conditions, similar to our observations for the dryland treatment.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Defining physiological contributions to yield loss in response to irrigation in cotton

Ermanis

Gobbo

Snider

et al. 2020

J Agronomy Crop Science

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Excessive irrigation can reduce cotton yield, but studies assessing the relative contribution of component physiological processes to yield loss are limited. The objective of the current experiment was to quantify irrigation‐induced yield loss attributable to Intercepted Photosynthetically Active Radiation (IPAR), Radiation Use Efficiency (RUE) and Harvest Index (HI). For three irrigation treatments (well‐watered, over‐irrigated, and dryland) during the 2018 and 2019 growing seasons, biweekly measurements of predawn leaf water potential (ΨPD) and light interception were taken along with measurements of biomass, lint yield, fibre quality and harvest index. Irrigation effects on yield were only observed during the 2019 season, and the results showed that ΨPD remained relatively high in both seasons and was rarely affected by irrigation treatment. A significant reduction in yield was observed for irrigated treatments, despite the dryland producing lower biomass. Any positive effects of IPAR and RUE on lint yield due to excess irrigation were offset by large declines in HI. We conclude that HI was the dominant contributor to yield loss due to excessive irrigation because reduced boll numbers and average boll mass were observed in plots with the greatest total above‐ground biomass.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Defining physiological contributions to yield loss in response to irrigation in cotton

Ermanis

Gobbo

Snider

et al. 2020

J Agronomy Crop Science

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“…The ratio of reproductive to vegetative organs and mean boll weight, early boll formation, and successive partitioning of dry matter into bolls were important factors for boll growth. In previous studies (Heuer and Nadler 1999;Sharma, Parsai, and Mishra 2006), the HI as a indicator of the partitioning of assimilates to economic sinks was much greater in HG103 than in LG122 whether in K application treatment or not, implying that the assimilate translocation of HG103 was stronger than that of LG122. As for K root contents, LG122 was significantly different than HG103, indicating that HG103 translocated more K to the aboveground portions than LG122.…”

Section: Dry Matter and Potassium Transportation Distribution And Amentioning

confidence: 83%

Differences in Growth and Potassium-Use Efficiency of Two Cotton Genotypes

Xia

Jiang

Chen

et al. 2011

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis

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To study the differences in growth and potassium (K)-use efficiency of two different K-use-efficiency cotton genotypes, a pot experiment was conducted in 2007. Experimental materials include two cotton genotypes (HG103 and LG122) and two K application levels (0 and 0.23 g kg -1 soil). The initial dates of various growth stages, plant heights, numbers of leaves, squares, and bolls, and the amount of litter during the whole growing season were recorded. The distribution and accumulation of dry matter and K content in various organs were measured to compare the differences in K-use efficiency. Significant differences (P < 0.05) between the two genotypes and K levels were found in initial bolling time. At the reproductive growth stage, the plant heights and leaf number of HG103 were less than those of LG122. Greater numbers of squares and bolls were recorded from HG103 than LG122 with K application. Significant differences (P < 0.05) existed in dry matter and K contents in each organ in the two genotypes and K-application levels. The seed cotton yields of HG103 were 3.24 times larger than those of LG122 with K application and 1.77 times larger than those of LG122 with the marginal K treatments. Reproductive-to-vegetative ratios (RVR) and harvest indices (HI) of LG122 were less than those of HG103 whether K was applied or not. The ratios of K in reproductive organs to vegetative organs for LG122 were 0.47 and 0.51 with K application and the marginal treatments, respectively, and for HG103 were 0.66 and 0.75 respectively. The K accumulations in root, stem, and litter of LG122 were more than those of HG103, whereas those in leaves and bolls were less than those of HG103. These results indicated that HG103 transferred more photosynthesis products and K to cotton reproductive organs than LG122.

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“…HVSTI (potential harvest index) defines the fraction of plant biomass harvested in ideal growing conditions; BLAI (maximum potential leaf area index) is an important parameter that influences the photosynthesis and growth of the plant; WSYF (lower limit of harvest index) represents the lowest harvest index expected due to water stress (Neitsch et al , 2005). Values for BLAI and HVSTI were taken from the literature (Krieg, 2000; Heuer and Nadler, 2000), and WSYF was adjusted by comparing measured and simulated cotton yield (Table I).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing impacts of agricultural water interventions in the Kothapally watershed, Southern India

Garg

Karlberg

Barron

et al. 2011

Hydrological Processes

111

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The paper describes a hydrological model for agricultural water intervention in a community watershed at Kothapally in India, developed through integrated management and a consortium approach. The impacts of various soil and water management interventions in the watershed are compared to no-intervention during a 30-year simulation period by application of the calibrated and validated ARCSWAT 2005 (Version 2.1.4a) modelling tool. Kothapally receives on average 800 mm rainfall in the monsoon period. 72 per cent of total rainfall is converted as evaporation and transpiration (ET), 20 per cent stored by groundwater aquifer and eight per cent exported as outflow from the watershed boundary in current water interventions. ET, groundwater recharge and outflow under no intervention conditions are found to be 64 per cent, nine per cent and 19 per cent, respectively. Check-dams helped in storing water for groundwater recharge, which can be used for irrigation, as well minimizing soil loss. In-situ water management practices improved the infiltration capacity and water holding capacity of the soil, which resulted in increased water availability by 10-30 per cent and better crop yields compared to no intervention. Water outflows from the developed watershed were more than halved compared to no intervention, indicating potentially large negative down-stream impacts if these systems were to be implemented on a larger scale. On the other hand, in the watershed development program sediment loads to the streams were less than one tenth. It can be concluded that the hydrological impacts of large scale 2 implementation of agricultural water interventions are significant. They result in improved rain-fed agriculture and improved productivity and livelihood of farmers in upland areas while also addressing the issues of poverty, equity and gender in watersheds. There is a need for case specific studies of such hydrological impacts along with other impacts in terms of equity, gender, sustainability and development at the meso-scale.

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Physiological Parameters, Harvest Index and Yield of Deficient Irrigated Cotton

Cited by 10 publications

References 10 publications

Defining physiological contributions to yield loss in response to irrigation in cotton

Defining physiological contributions to yield loss in response to irrigation in cotton

Differences in Growth and Potassium-Use Efficiency of Two Cotton Genotypes

Assessing impacts of agricultural water interventions in the Kothapally watershed, Southern India

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