Physiological Processes and Plant Responses to Ozone Exposure

Heath, Robert L.; Taylor, George

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59233-1_10

Cited by 114 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 138 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Stomatal conductance is generally regulated so as to maintain the ratio of internal CO 2 concentration to ambient CO 2 concentration (Lambers et al, 2008). At a moderate level of chronic O 3 exposure, O 3 -induced decline of photosynthetic capacity may therefore cause stomatal closure (Reich, 1987;Farage and Long, 1995;Heath and Taylor, 1997). However, free-air O 3 exposure experiments showed that such O 3 -induced stomatal closure was diminished in European and Seibold's beech (Fagus sylvatica and Fagus crenata, respectively) during the late growing season, although O 3 decreased photosynthetic capacity (Löw et al, 2007;Hoshika et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of stomatal sluggishness in ozone-exposed deciduous tree species

Hoshika

Carriero

Zhu

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

• Our knowledge of ozone (O 3 ) effects on dynamic stomatal response is still limited.• Determinants of O 3 -induced stomatal sluggishness were examined in deciduous tree species in open-top chambers.• Ozone exposure slowed closing of stomata after leaf cutting.• Stomatal sluggishness was well explained by stomatal O 3 flux per net photosynthesis.• Stomatal sluggishness depended both on ozone flux and on the capacity for detoxification or repair. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f o Our knowledge of ozone effects on dynamic stomatal response is still limited, especially in Asian tree species. We thus examined ozone effects on steady-state leaf gas exchange and stomatal dynamics in three common tree species of China (Ailanthus altissima, Fraxinus chinensis and Platanus orientalis). Seedlings were grown and were exposed to three levels of ozone in open-top chambers (42, 69, 100 nmol mol −1 daylight average, from 09:00 to 18:00). At steady-state, ozone exposure induced an uncoupling of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance, as the former decreased while the latter did not. Dynamic stomatal response was investigated by cutting the leaf petiole after a steady-state stomatal conductance was reached. Ozone exposure increased stomatal sluggishness, i.e., slowed stomatal response after leaf cutting, in the following order of sensitivity, F. chinensis N A. altissima N P. orientalis. A restriction of stomatal ozone flux reduced the ozone-induced sluggishness in P. orientalis. The ozone-induced impairment of stomatal control was better explained by stomatal ozone flux per net photosynthesis rather than by stomatal ozone flux only. This suggests that ozone injury to stomatal control depends both on the amount of ozone entering a leaf and on the capacity for biochemical detoxification or repair. Leaf mass per area and the density of stomata did not affect stomatal sluggishness.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of stomatal sluggishness in ozone-exposed deciduous tree species

Hoshika

Carriero

Zhu

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Ozone can cause opening of stomata, but generally causes closure (Saxe, 1991). It is now assumed that stomatal closure is not a direct effect of ozone, but a reaction to an increased internal CO # concentration resulting from the inhibition of carbon assimilation (Reich, 1987 ;Heath & Taylor, 1997). Several authors have reported oscillations in gas exchange and uncoupling of the relationship between A and g s (Matyssek et al, 1991 ;Flagler et al, 1994 ;Tjoelker et al, 1995 ;Clark et al, 1996) and have attributed this to loss of stomatal control ; this was not observed in the present experiment.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of ozone exposure on growth and photosynthesis of beech seedlings (Fagus sylvatica)

2000

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of ambient and elevated ozone levels on growth and photosynthesis of beech (Fagus sylvatica) were studied by exposing seedlings in open-top chambers for one growing season to three treatments : charcoal-filtered (CF), non-filtered (NF) and non-filtered air with addition of ozone (30 ppb ozone) on clear days for 8-10 h d −" (NFj). Ambient levels were relatively low and accumulated to an AOT40 (accumulated exposure over a threshold of 40 ppb) of 4055 ppb h (for the period 23 Apr-30 Sept). The NFj chambers received an AOT40 of 8880 ppb h. Throughout the growing season we measured growth and photosynthetic properties. The treatments did not cause strong effects : measurements of gas exchange (light-saturated assimilation rate, CO # and light-response curves) and chlorophyll fluorescence showed slight and mostly non-significant reductions of several parameters. No significant differences were found for growth, though in the NFj treatment (AOT40 8880 ppb h) the relative growth rate for diameter increment was at times reduced by 12 % compared with the control treatment.

show abstract

“…with biogenic hydrocarbons) and liquid phase (i.e. aqueous matrix of the cell wall) yield a suite of potentially damaging reactive oxygen species (ROS) which, in sufficient concentrations, can breach the extracellular defence systems and cause oxidative damage to the plasmalemma, resulting, ultimately, in cell death (Heath, 1987(Heath, , 1994Heath & Taylor, 1997). At the physiological level, the oxidative stress induced by O $ is reflected in a decline in the photosynthetic capacity of individual leaves (Pell, Eckardt & Glick, 1994 ;Farage & Long, 1995), increased rates of maintenance respiration (Amthor, 1988), relatively greater retention of fixed carbon in leaves (Balaguer et al, 1995) and accelerated rates of leaf senescence (Ting & Mukherjee, 1971 ;Nie, Tomasevic & Baker, 1993) resulting in reduced growth and productivity.…”

Section: mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of plant age on ozone resistance in Plantago major

Lyons¹,

Barnes²

1998

New Phytologist

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

$ on growth and reproductive performance confirmed the sensitivity of the population to the pollutant. In the absence of the development of typical visible symptoms of foliar damage, the total d. wt of plants maintained in O $ over a 56-d period was 35 % lower than that of control plants. However, the impact of the pollutant was found to decrease as plants aged. Plant relative growth rate (R E ) was only affected in seedlings, suggesting that effects of O $ on seedling growth were largely responsible for the decrease in accumulated biomass ; the growth rate of older plants was not affected by O $ . The observed shift in O $ resistance with plant age was mediated by both ' acclimation ' and ontogenetic changes. ' Acclimation ' was not associated with changes in O $ uptake, and there was some evidence to support the existence of compensatory growth responses. In addition to effects on vegetative growth, plants exhibited an O $ -induced decline in reproductive performance ; O $ reducing the number of flower spikes and seed capsules produced per plant. Ozone episodes administered at different stages of development indicated that reproductive development was particularly sensitive to O $ during the early stages of flowering.The findings of this study are discussed in relation to evolutionary adaptation to O $ in natural plant communities.The importance of plant age, prior exposure to the pollutant and the timing of O $ episodes in relation to plant developmental stage are highlighted.

show abstract

Physiological Processes and Plant Responses to Ozone Exposure

Cited by 114 publications

References 138 publications

Determinants of stomatal sluggishness in ozone-exposed deciduous tree species

Determinants of stomatal sluggishness in ozone-exposed deciduous tree species

Effects of ozone exposure on growth and photosynthesis of beech seedlings (Fagus sylvatica)

Influence of plant age on ozone resistance in Plantago major

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About