Physiological regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene expression: Effects of diet, diabetes, and lactation on acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA

Pape, Michael E.; López‐Casillas, Fernando; Kim, Ki-Han

doi:10.1016/0003-9861(88)90013-6

Cited by 112 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…ACC is regulated by long-term control mechanisms involving changes in enzyme levels and gene expression as well as short-term control mechanisms including covalent modification (phosphorylation/dephosphorylation) and allosteric effectors (53,54). Time-course studies with ESP 55016 indicated that short-term mechanisms were primarily responsible for the inhibition effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a novel dual lipid synthesis inhibitor and its potential utility in treating dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome

Cramer¹,

Goetz²,

Hopson

et al. 2004

Journal of Lipid Research

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We have identified a novel -hydroxy-alkanedicarboxylic acid, ESP 55016, that favorably alters serum lipid variables in obese female Zucker (fa/fa) rats. ESP 55016 reduced serum non-HDL-cholesterol (non-HDL-C), triglyceride, and nonesterified fatty acid levels while increasing serum HDL-C and ␤ -hydroxybutyrate levels in a dose-dependent manner. ESP 55016 reduced fasting serum insulin and glucose levels while also suppressing weight gain. In primary rat hepatocytes, ESP 55016 increased the oxidation of

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a novel dual lipid synthesis inhibitor and its potential utility in treating dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome

Cramer¹,

Goetz²,

Hopson

et al. 2004

Journal of Lipid Research

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“…There are many reports that insulin affects fatty acid synthesis by altering the gene expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the rate-limiting step of fatty acid synthesis (20)(21)(22) and the increase in quantities of lipogenic enzymes in the liver are induced by a high carbohydrate diet (23)(24)(25)(26). Therefore, it was assumed that the intake of the LFD increased the fatty acid synthesis in the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pups of Dams Fed Low-Fat Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Showed Strong Preference for High-Fat Diet to Achieve Optimal Growth

Nakashima

Sato

2011

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryTo investigate the causes why pups of dams fed a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet (LFD) showed a strong preference for fat, three groups of dams were fed one of three diets during pregnancy and lactation: the LFD, a control diet (CTD) or a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet (HFD). After weaning, pups of each of the three groups were divided into two equal subgroups (Pair 1 and Pair 2), for a total of six pup subgroups. Each subgroup was placed on a two-choice diet program of the LFD and the HFD (Pair 1), or the LFD and a HFDLE (with cellulose added to maintain the same energy concentration as the LFD) (Pair 2), for 3 wk. Although the energy intake of dams fed the LFD during the nursing period was lower than that of the HFD group, no significant difference in body weight was observed among the three groups. At weaning, the body weight of pups nursed by dams fed the LFD was lower than that of the other groups. In Pair 1, the HFD intake ratio of the LFD and the HFD groups during the self-selection period was higher than that of the CTD group. In Pair 2, the HFDLE intake ratio of the LFD and the CTD groups was lower than that of the HFD group. At the end of the self-selection period, no significant difference in body weight was observed among the three groups of Pair 1. However, in Pair 2, the body weight of the LFD group was lower than that of the other groups. Therefore, it was supposed that pups of dams fed the LFD showed strong preference for the HFD containing high energy in order to achieve optimal growth. Key Words parental nutrition, self-selection, fat-feeding, weaning pups Nutritional conditions during pregnancy and lactation have a major role in the metabolic and hormonal interactions between the maternal body, the fetus and the suckling pup. Fetus and suckling pup growth is influenced by maternal nutritional conditions ( 1 ). Lipids are considered to be important as an energy-dense nutrient and as a source for essential fatty acids. Lipids play a functional role in fetal and suckling-pup development ( 2 ). Although the physiological factors contributing to fat diet self-selection are unknown, physiological hormones are maintained through a complex nutrient metabolic pathway regulated by hormones and the central nervous system ( 3-5 ).Insulin and leptin are of particular importance in the long-term control of food intake and energy homeostasis ( 6 ). Insulin is the controller of blood glucose levels and is secreted by ␤ cells of the pancreas as controlled by glucose levels ( 7 ). Although glucose homeostasis may remain normal, both fasting and postprandial insulin concentrations tend to increase with age ( 8 ). Leptin is produced by adipose tissue and has potent effects on body weight, food intake regulation and energy consumption through its receptors in the hypothalamus ( 9 ). Vickers et al. suggested that prenatal exposure to maternal malnutrition leads to changes in the regulation of the insulin-leptin endocrine axes that appear to predispose offspring to diet-induced obesity ( 10 , 11 ). It has also...

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“…The plasma TG concentration of dams fed the LFD was also higher than that of dams fed the CTD. There are many reports that insulin affects fatty acid synthesis by altering gene expression of acetyl-CoA carboxylase in the rate-limiting step of fatty acid synthesis (26)(27)(28). Further, the increase in quantities of lipogenic enzymes in the liver are induced by a high carbohydrate diet (29)(30)(31)(32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the plasma insulin and the TG concentrations of the LFD group were higher than that of the CTD group. It was assumed that the increased plasma insulin concentration by the feeding of the LFD increased the fatty acid synthesis in liver and adipose tissues as well as increased the plasma TG concentration (26)(27)(28). However, although no significant difference in glucose concentration was observed between the LFD group and the LFD-CF group, the plasma insulin and the TG concentrations of the LFD-CF group were lower than those of the LFD group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to Dams' Low-Fat High-Carbohydrate Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Establishes a Preference for Fat by Their Offspring

Nakashima

2009

J Nutr Sci Vitaminol

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SummaryTo investigate the causes why pups of dams fed a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet (LFD) showed strong preference for fat, two groups of pregnant rats were fed either the LFD or the control-diet (CTD) during pregnancy and lactation. After weaning, pups in both groups were divided into two groups. Two groups were offered a self-selection regimen of either a carbohydrate-protein diet (CPD) or a fat-protein diet (FPD) (the LFD-CF and the CTD-CF groups) and the remaining groups were fed the same diet as their dams (the LFD and the CTD groups) for 5 wk. Although the body weight of pups fed the LFD was lower than that of pups fed the CTD, the body weight of the LFD-CF group caught up with that of the CTD group. The ratio of FPD intake [FPD intake (g)/total intake (g)] by the LFD-CF group was higher than that of the CTD-CF group. In both dams and their pups, although no significant difference in the plasma glucose concentration was observed between the LFD and the CTD groups, the plasma insulin and triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations of the LFD group were higher than those of the CTD group. However, the self-selection diet appeared to prevent an increase in the plasma insulin and TG concentrations. Therefore, it was supposed that although pups of dams fed the LFD showed strong preference for fat in order to achieve optimal growth, the dietary selection pattern after weaning was associated with the depletion in plasma insulin. Key Words fat preference, self-selection, fat-energy ratio, insulinemia Although the physiological factors contributing to fat-diet self-selection are unknown, physiological homeostasis is maintained through a complex nutrient metabolic pathway regulated by hormones and the central nervous system ( 1-3 ). The large variations that exist in food choice, especially for fat preference, can be linked to animal strain, age, environment, genetic background or prenatal nutrition, feeding history and modifications of energy expenditure such as exercise and food deprivation ( 4-16 ). We were particularly interested in examining whether dams' dietary fat types during pregnancy and lactation influence the preferential fat intake of their pups after weaning.In a previous paper, we conducted an experiment in which each of three groups of dams was fed a low-fat high-carbohydrate diet (LFD), a control diet (CTD) or a high-fat low-carbohydrate diet (HFD) during pregnancy and lactation. All their pups were placed on a twochoice diet program consisting of a fat protein diet (FPD) and a carbohydrate protein diet (CPD) after weaning for 3 wk ( 16 ). The ratio of the FPD intake [FPD intake (g)/total intake (g)] for male and female pups nursed by dams fed the LFD was higher than that for the two groups of pups nursed by dams fed either the CTD or the HFD. It was assumed that male and female pups nursed by dams fed the CTD and the HFD selfselected the FPD and the CPD in an adequate fat-energy ratio (F ratio) compared to that of AIN-93G. Therefore, although pups nursed by dams fed the CTD and the HFD had the ability ...

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Physiological regulation of acetyl-CoA carboxylase gene expression: Effects of diet, diabetes, and lactation on acetyl-CoA carboxylase mRNA

Cited by 112 publications

References 17 publications

Effects of a novel dual lipid synthesis inhibitor and its potential utility in treating dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome

Effects of a novel dual lipid synthesis inhibitor and its potential utility in treating dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome

Pups of Dams Fed Low-Fat Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Showed Strong Preference for High-Fat Diet to Achieve Optimal Growth

Exposure to Dams' Low-Fat High-Carbohydrate Diet during Pregnancy and Lactation Establishes a Preference for Fat by Their Offspring

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