Physiological Response of Forage Sorghum to Polymer under Water Deficit Conditions

Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is among the most important warm-season forages that is grown in mainly arid and semiarid regions of southeastern Iran. Irrigation water is an energy-intensive input and it is also becoming scarce and costly in this country. Soil application of polymeric materials such as Superab A200 (SAP) can increase soil water storage capacity and increase water use effi ciency (WUE). Th e objective of this study was to investigate the eff ect of diff erent rates of SAP and irrigation regimes on dry matter yield, WUE, and some physiological and yield-related traits of Speedfeed sorghum. Th e experiment was conducted in Zahedan, Iran, during the 2009 and 2010 seasons under limited irrigation regimes (irrigation aft er 40, 60, 80, and 100% crop evapotranspiration = ET c ) and four rates of SAP application (0, 75, 150, and 225 kg ha -1 ). Results indicated signifi cant eff ects of irrigation regimes, SAP levels, and their interaction. Th e analysis for dry matter, WUE, and benefi t/cost ratio showed that applying SAP at 100% ET c had no eff ect on these traits, but in the treatments with water defi cit, it improved all the studied traits of sorghum. With regard to economic analysis, applying 75 kg ha -1 SAP for a decrease in the sorghum's water requirement of as much as 20% is economically justifi ed at moderate water defi cits.

Influence of Rhizobium, Pseudomonas and Mycorrhiza on Some Physiological Traits of Red Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under different irrigation conditions

“…During harvesting, grain yield was calculated. For measuring the relative water content, the highest young leaf was selected, and it's wet, saturated and dry weights were determined, and RWC was calculated by using the following formula (Fazeli-Rostampour et al,2013):…”

Reduction Possibility of Phosphorus Using With the Application of Mycorrhiza in Purple Coneflower (Echinacea Purpurea L.) Through Physiological Traits and Essence Yield Under Different Irrigation Levels

“…The amount of irrigated water was calculated for each treatment based on the total water requirement, and by random sampling from three different parts of each plot and determining the percentage of soil water content; the amount was calculated at about Rafat where, ETC and ETO are the plant and reference evapotranspirations, Kpan and Ep are the pan coefficient, respectively (Allen et al, 1998;Fazeli Rostampour et al, 2013). Total volumes of irrigation water applied in the control treatment (Irrigation after 70 mm of evaporation) were 4885.7 and 5026.4 m 3 in 2015 and 2016, respectively.…”

Superabsorbent polymer characteristics, properties, and applications

“…Dry application rates ranged from 75 (0.003% BM) to 225 kg ha −1 (0.015% BM) and wet application rate was 18 g m −3 . The greatest application rate used in the Fazeli Rostampour, Yarnia, Rahimzadeh Khoee, Seghatoleslami, and Moosavi (2013) sandy loam soil study, 225 kg ha −1 (0.015% BM), increased relative water content (WC related to WC at full turgor) from 66 to 76% while the lowest application of SAP, 75 kg ha −1 (0.003% BM), only increased to 70%. The same authors found a significant increase in WUE from 2.1 to 2.6−2.9 kg dry mass produced per m 3 of water for 75, 150, and 225 kg ha −1 (0.003, 0.007, and 0.015% BM) of SAP application (Fazeli Rostampour et al., 2013).…”

“…Under water stress conditions SAPs have a greater influence on plant productivity (Fazeli Rostampour et al., 2013; Egrinya Eneji et al., 2013) compared with nonstressed conditions. Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] dry matter only increased when there was a water deficit in sandy loam soil with SAP application rate of 75, 150 or 225 kg ha −1 (0.003, 0.007, 0.015% BM) (Fazeli Rostampour et al., 2013). At the application rate of 30 kg ha −1 (0.001% BM) to a sandy loam soil, corn biomass increased 99% under deficit irrigation and 39% under moderate irrigation, and only 11% under full irrigation; overall, plants under water deficit showed reduced stress signals with SAP application compared with no SAP (Eneji et al., 2018).…”

“…Under water stress conditions SAPs have a greater influence on plant productivity (Fazeli Rostampour et al., 2013; Egrinya Eneji et al., 2013) compared with nonstressed conditions. Sorghum [ Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] dry matter only increased when there was a water deficit in sandy loam soil with SAP application rate of 75, 150 or 225 kg ha −1 (0.003, 0.007, 0.015% BM) (Fazeli Rostampour et al., 2013).…”