Physiological responses during linear periodized training in rats

Abstract

This study was undertaken to characterize the effects of the linear periodized training in rats on aerobic and anaerobic performance, glycogen concentration in soleus, gastrocnemius and liver, hormones concentrations (testosterone and corticosterone), enzymes and metabolites (creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, uric acid and urea) as well as antioxidant system (catalase, superoxide dismutase and sulfhydryl groups) after basic, specific and taper periods. Seventy male Wistar rats were randomly separated in two groups: control/sedentary (CT, n = 40) and linear periodized training (LPT, n = 30). The LPT was carried out during a period of 12 weeks (w) with frequency of 6 days/week. The training period was subdivided in three mesocycles: basic (6 weeks), specific (4.5 weeks) and taper (1.5 weeks). The real volume of the training obtained in LPT reduced 7% in relation to the estimated volume. The anaerobic index in LPT after basic and taper was higher than CT in respective period but unchanged intra-group during mesocycles. The aerobic performance in LPT was higher than CT after basic, specific and taper. The creatine kinase and catalase reduced after the taper period in relation to CT and baseline. The glycogen stores in soleus increased after basic in relation to CT. The liver glycogen concentration increased after taper in relation to basic and specific period as well in comparison to CT. In conclusion, the stress biomarkers reduced in taper period in order to increase the aerobic and anaerobic performance in relation to CT.

Primary and secondary thrombocytosis induced by exercise and environmental luminosity

“…Moreover, there was a great variation on platelets activation regarding to endurance exercise in literature (31), being the activation associated to the factors explained in the introduction section, as muscular microtrauma releasing platelets from the spleen and lungs (8,11). Considering these known platelets variation owing to a specifi c exercise intensity, we individually prescribed the exercise through lactate minimum test, a robust and valid protocol contained in swimming rats literature (19,20,32).…”

Efeitos do exercicio agudo sobre biomarcadores sericos de ratos diabeticos

“…Os valores de estabilização do lactato sanguíneo do presente estudo (DA=4,7±0,75mmol/L e CA=5,46±0,79mmol/L) corroboram tanto com estudos prévios que investigaram o comportamento da lactacidemia em ratos durante exercício de natação de caráter aeróbio, quanto com estudos que investigaram a concentração de lactato no momento de transição entre os metabolismos aeróbio/anaeróbio 1,2,21 , comprovando de fato o predomínio do metabolismo aeróbio que caracterizou a sessão de exercício agudo.…”

“…Fabio Milioni (Educador Físico) 1 Barbara de Moura Mello Antunes (Educadora Física) 1 Claudia Teixeira-Arroyo (Educadora Física) 1 João Paulo Loures (Educador Físico) 1 Pedro Paulo Menezes Scariot (Educador Físico) 2 Paulo Cezar Rocha dos Santos (Educador Físico) 1 Maria Souza Silva (Educadora Física) 1 Eliete Luciano (Biológa)…”

“…Estudos envolvendo animais, especialmente ratos, têm sido extensivamente realizados em diferentes situações de intervenção experimental devido à fácil manipulação, boa resposta ao exercício, possibilidade de análises invasivas e constante monitoramento/controle de variáveis durante o período experimental, tais como, dieta, tempo de manipulação, temperatura, umidade e sono 1,2 . Dentre algumas intervenções experimentais utilizadas na literatura, a aplicação de agentes químicos beta-citotóxicos, como a aloxana, têm se destacado para promover a indução de diabetes melittus (DM) em modelos animais [3][4][5] .…”

Two water environment adaptation models enhance motor behavior and improve the success of the lactate minimum test in swimming rats

“…To investigate different swimming adaption protocols, animals were submitted to sub and supra anaerobic threshold intensities during this period. Intensities above and below the anaerobic threshold were chosen since its use is common in experiments involving swimming rats 18,19,21 . The main hypothesis of this study is that groups submitted to sub and supra anaerobic threshold intensities will provide lower climbing-swimming throughout the adaptation period, without improvements on physiological parameters (aerobic and anaerobic capacities, glycogen content and serum creatine kinase).…”