Physiological responses of female and male black-lip pearl oysters<i>(Pinctada margaritifera)</i>to different temperatures and concentrations of food

Chávez‐Villalba, Jorge; Soyez, Claude; Aurentz, Hermann; Moullac, Gilles Le

doi:10.1051/alr/2013059

Cited by 27 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…The energetic deficit, hypothesized above, as source of sex inversion of 50% of the females, could be explained by the temperature fixed at 28°C that would have increased the oxygen consumption and the metabolic rates, increasing the need for energy, as already demonstrated from 24 to 27°C (Ch avez- Villalba et al, 2013). Furthermore, in some molluscs, the production of female gametes is supposed to be more energetically costly than the production of male gametes, estimated at 50% more energy (Russell-Hunter, '79).…”

Section: Effect Of Food Availability and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of temperature, food availability, and estradiol injection on gametogenesis and gender in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera

et al. 2015

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The black-lip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera is a protandrous hermaphrodite species. Its economic value has led to the development of controlled hatchery reproduction techniques, although many aspects remain to be optimized. In order to understand reproductive mechanisms and their controlling factors, two independent experiments were designed to test hypotheses of gametogenesis and sex ratio control by environmental and hormonal factors. In one, pearl oysters were exposed under controlled conditions at different combinations of temperature (24 and 28°C) and food level (10,000 and 40,000 cells mL(-1) ); whereas in the other, pearl oysters were conditioned under natural conditions into the lagoon and subjected to successive 17β-estradiol injections (100 μg per injection). Gametogenesis and sex ratio were assessed by histology for each treatment. In parallel, mRNA expressions of nine marker genes of the sexual pathway (pmarg-foxl2, pmarg-c43476, pmarg-c45042, pmarg-c19309, pmarg-c54338, pmarg-vit6, pmarg-zglp1, pmarg-dmrt, and pmarg-fem1-like) were investigated. Maximum maturation was observed in the treatment combining the highest temperature (28°C) and the highest microalgae concentration (40,000 cells mL(-1) ), where the female sex tended to be maintained. Injection of 17β-estradiol induced a significant increase of undetermined stage proportion 2 weeks after the final injection. These results suggest that gametogenesis and gender in adult pearl oysters can be controlled by environmental factors and estrogens. While there were no significant effects on relative gene expression, the 3-gene-pair expression ratio model of the sexual pathway of P. margaritifera, suggest a probable dominance of genetic sex determinism without excluding a mixed sex determination mode (genetic + environmental). J. Exp. Zool. 325A:13-24, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Effect Of Food Availability and Temperaturementioning

confidence: 75%

Effect of temperature, food availability, and estradiol injection on gametogenesis and gender in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera

et al. 2015

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“…, where C 1 is the fluorescence level of the control chamber, C 2 is the fluorescence of the experimental chamber containing one oyster, and V is the constant water flow rate (12 L h -1 ). 40 Oxygen Consumption rate (OC). OC was measured (mg O 2 h -1 ) by calculating the differences in OC between the control and experimental chambers:…”

Section: Ingestion Rate (Ir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AE of organic matter was assessed by analysing microalgae and faeces according to the method of Conover (1966) and described by Chávez-Villalba et al (2013). 40 Biodeposits of each individual were treated individually by filtration on a GF/C filter (1.2 µm of porosity, Ø 47 mm, Whatman ® ) previously burned at 450 °C and weighed. Filters were then dried at 60 °C for 24 h in order to obtain the dry weight of biodeposits (DW) and then burned (Thermolyne TM Type 47900 & 48000 Furnaces, Thermo Scientific TM ) at 450 °C for 4 h to obtain the weight of the mineral matter (W MM ).…”

Section: Ingestion Rate (Ir)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oysters remained in the chambers for at least 48 h; measurements of each oyster were taken every 24 min until 120 measurements of clearance rate and oxygen consumption had been recorded. 40 A total of 32 oysters were individually monitored in the EMS (8 oysters per treatment). Assimilation efficiency was measured after collecting biodeposits (i.e., faeces) in each hemispheric chamber and 50 mL of microalgae mixture administered during ecophysiological measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microplastics Affect Energy Balance and Gametogenesis in the Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera

Gardon

Reisser

Soyez

et al. 2018

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Plastic pollution in the environment is increasing at global scale. Microplastics (MP) are derived from degradation of larger plastic items or directly produced in microparticles form (< 5 mm). Plastics, widely used in structures and equipment of pearl farming, are a source of pollution to the detriment of the lagoon ecosystem. To evaluate the impact of MP on the physiology of Pinctada margaritifera, a species of ecological and commercial interests, adult oysters were exposed to polystyrene microbeads (micro-PS of 6 and 10 μm) for 2 months. Three concentrations, 0.25, 2.5, and 25 μg L, and a control were tested. Ingestion and respiration rate and assimilation efficiency were monitored on a metabolic measurement system to determine the individual energy balance (Scope For Growth, SFG). Effects on reproduction were also assessed. The assimilation efficiency decreased significantly according to micro-PS concentration. The SFG was significantly impacted by a dose-dependent decrease from 0.25 μg L ( p < 0.0001), and a negative SFG was measured in oysters exposed to 25 μg L. Gonads may have provided the missing energy to maintain animals' metabolism through the production of metabolites derived from germ cells phagocytosis. This study shows that micro-PS significantly impact the assimilation efficiency and more broadly the energy balance of P. margaritifera, with negative repercussions on reproduction.

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“…The EMS consisted of five open-flow chambers. For each treatment, each of the four oysters was placed, simultaneously, in one of the chambers, and the fifth chamber remained empty as a control (Chávez-Villalba et al, 2013). The experimental conditions applied during treatments (temperature, pH) were replicated in the EMS during measurements.…”

Section: Bioenergetic Measurements Of P Margaritiferamentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinctada margaritifera responses to temperature and pH: Acclimation capabilities and physiological limits

Moullac

Soyez

Latchere

et al. 2016

Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science

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The pearl culture is one of the most lucrative aquacultures worldwide. In many South Pacific areas, it depends on the exploitation of the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera and relies entirely on the environmental conditions encountered in the lagoon. In this context, assessing the impact of climatic stressors, such as global warming and ocean acidification, on the functionality of the resource in terms of renewal and exploitation is fundamental. In this study, we experimentally addressed the impact of temperature (22, 26, 30 and 34 °C) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide pCO 2 (294, 763 and 2485 μatm) on the biomineralization and metabolic capabilities of pearl oysters. While the energy metabolism was strongly dependent on temperature, results showed its independence from pCO 2 levels; no interaction between temperature and pCO 2 was revealed. The energy metabolism, ingestion, oxygen consumption and, hence, the scope for growth (SFG) were maximised at 30 °C and dramatically fell at 34 °C. Biomineralization was examined through the expression measurement of nine mantle's genes coding for shell matrix proteins involved in the formation of calcitic prisms and/or nacreous shell structures; significant changes were recorded for four of the nine (Pmarg-Nacrein A1, Pmarg-MRNP34, Pmarg-Prismalin 14 and Pmarg-Aspein). These changes showed that the maximum and minimum expression of these genes was at 26 and 34 °C, respectively. Surprisingly, the modelled thermal optimum for biomineralization (ranging between 21.5 and 26.5 °C) and somatic growth and reproduction (28.7 °C) appeared to be significantly different. Finally, the responses to high temperatures were contextualised with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) projections, which highlighted that pearl oyster stocks and cultures would be severely threatened in the next decade. Please note that this is an author-produced PDF of an article accepted for publication following peer review. The definitive publisher-authenticated version is available on the publisher Web site.

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Physiological responses of female and male black-lip pearl oysters(Pinctada margaritifera)to different temperatures and concentrations of food

Cited by 27 publications

References 57 publications

Effect of temperature, food availability, and estradiol injection on gametogenesis and gender in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera

Effect of temperature, food availability, and estradiol injection on gametogenesis and gender in the pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera

Microplastics Affect Energy Balance and Gametogenesis in the Pearl Oyster Pinctada margaritifera

Pinctada margaritifera responses to temperature and pH: Acclimation capabilities and physiological limits

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