Physiological responses of guinea-pig myenteric neurons secondary to the release of endogenous serotonin by tryptamine

Takaki, Miyako; Gm, Mawe; Barasch, JM; Gershon,

doi:10.1016/0306-4522(85)90059-4

Cited by 97 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…There is also substantial evidence that 5-HT mediates slow EPSPs in these neurons, although the receptor subtype(s) responsible are less clearly defined. Earlier characterisation of slow EPSPs evoked by 5-HT implicated 5-HT 1P receptors [76,77,120], a receptor subtype identified pharmacologically, but which has not been cloned [49]. However, a more recent study concluded that stimulation of descending (anally directed) pathways evokes slow EPSPs in AH neurons via activation of 5-HT 7 receptors [83].…”

Section: Slow Epsps Their Underlying Conductances and Their Transmitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Gwynne

Bornstein²

2007

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Digestion and absorption of nutrients and the secretion and reabsorption of fluid in the gastrointestinal tract are regulated by neurons of the enteric nervous system (ENS), the extensive peripheral nerve network contained within the intestinal wall. The ENS is an important physiological model for the study of neural networks since it is both complex and accessible. At least 20 different neurochemically and functionally distinct classes of enteric neurons have been identified in the guinea pig ileum. These neurons express a wide range of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors. Synaptic potentials mediated by ionotropic receptors such as the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, P2X purinoceptors and 5-HT 3 receptors are seen in many enteric neurons. However, prominent synaptic potentials mediated by metabotropic receptors, like the P2Y 1 receptor and the NK 1 receptor, are also seen in these neurons. Studies of synaptic transmission between the different neuron classes within the enteric neural pathways have shown that both ionotropic and metabotropic synaptic potentials play major roles at distinct synapses within simple reflex pathways. However, there are still functional synapses at which no known transmitter or receptor has been identified. This review describes the identified roles for both ionotropic and metabotropic neurotransmission at functionally defined synapses within the guinea pig ileum ENS. It is concluded that metabotropic synaptic potentials act as primary transmitters at some synapses. It is suggested identification of the interactions between different synaptic potentials in the production of complex behaviours will require the use of well validated computer models of the enteric neural circuitry.

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Section: Slow Epsps Their Underlying Conductances and Their Transmitmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Gwynne

Bornstein²

2007

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“…The assumption by Williams et al is supported by the elevated levels of tryptophan in GF animals compared with their conventional and conventionalized counterparts. 66,67 Serotonin release from enterochromaffin epithelial cells is stimulated by tryptamine 83 and is a key regulator of the gut motility and secretion. 84 Recently, it has been shown that gut microbiota, acting through SCFAs, is an important determinant of enteric serotonin production and homeostasis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota: The Conductor in the Orchestra of Immune–Neuroendocrine Communication

Aidy

Dinan

Cryan

2015

Clinical Therapeutics

182

100

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“…A subset of myenteric interneurons is serotonergic (8,13,22,29,31,76,77); therefore, 5-HT antagonists can block peristaltic reflexes by inhibiting enteric serotonergic neurotransmission (46, 60, 82) as well as by interfering with the paracrine stimulation of IPANs. 5-HT from EC cells also plays a role in extrinsic sensation by stimulating extrinsic primary afferent nerves (2, 39, 40).…”

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confidence: 99%

5-HT_2Areceptors: location and functional analysis in intestines of wild-type and 5-HT_2Aknockout mice

Fiorica‐Howells¹,

Hen

Gingrich

et al. 2002

American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physi

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106

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. 5-HT2A receptors: location and functional analysis in intestines of wild-type and 5-HT2A knockout mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 282: G877-G893, 2002. First published January 9, 2002 10.1152/ajpgi.00435.2001.-The distribution and function of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT2A) receptor were investigated in the intestines of wild-type (5-HT2A ϩ/ϩ) and knockout (5-HT2A Ϫ/Ϫ) mice. In 5-HT2A ϩ/ϩ mice, rats, and guinea pigs, 5-HT2A receptor immunoreactivity was found on circular and longitudinal smooth muscle cells, neurons, enterocytes, and Paneth cells. Muscular 5-HT2A receptors were concentrated in caveolae; neuronal 5-HT2A receptors were found intracellularly and on the plasma membranes of nerve cell bodies and axons. Neuronal 5-HT2A immunoreactivity was detected as early as E14 in ganglia, intravillus nerves, and the deep muscle plexus. The 5-HT2A Ϫ/Ϫ colon did not express 5-HT2A receptors and did not contract in response to exogenous 5-HT. 5-HT2A Ϫ/Ϫ enterocytes were smaller, Paneth cells fewer, and muscle layers thinner (and showed degeneration) compared with those of 5-HT2A ϩ/ϩ littermates. The 5-HT2A receptor may thus be required for the maintenance and/or development of enteric neuroeffectors and other enteric functions, although gastrointestinal and colonic transit times in 5-HT2A Ϫ/Ϫ and ϩ/ϩ mice did not differ significantly. serotonin receptors; intestinal motility; immunocytochemistry THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (ENS) is different from the autonomic innervation of other organs, because it can mediate coordinated behaviors of the gut without central nervous system input (28,32,53). The presence in the bowel of intrinsic primary afferent neurons (IPANs) enables the ENS to respond to luminal stimuli. Because no nerve fibers enter the lumen, Bü lbring and Crema (7) proposed that sensory transduction is transepithelial, involving the pressure-induced secretion of 5-HT from enterochromaffin (EC) cells to stimulate the mucosal processes of the submucosal IPANs that initiate reflexes. This hypothesis has since been confirmed, and EC cell-derived 5-HT is now thought to activate both peristaltic (21,36,37,47,50,63) and secretory reflexes (12,73).In addition to its role in the initiation of enteric reflexes, 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) also functions in ganglionic neurotransmission within the ENS. A subset of myenteric interneurons is serotonergic (8,13,22,29,31,76,77); therefore, 5-HT antagonists can block peristaltic reflexes by inhibiting enteric serotonergic neurotransmission (46, 60, 82) as well as by interfering with the paracrine stimulation of IPANs. 5-HT from EC cells also plays a role in extrinsic sensation by stimulating extrinsic primary afferent nerves (2, 39, 40).The bowel contains an abundance of 5-HT receptor subtypes located on neurons, smooth muscle, and epithelial cells (24,25,30). Enteric neuronal 5-HT receptors include 5-HT 1A (26,48,49,62), 5-HT 1P (6, 59, 64), 5-HT 2B (18), 5-HT 3 (15,25,42,59), and 5-HT 4 (36,37,62,80). Enteric members of the 5-HT 2 family are associated with s...

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Physiological responses of guinea-pig myenteric neurons secondary to the release of endogenous serotonin by tryptamine

Cited by 97 publications

References 40 publications

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Gut Microbiota: The Conductor in the Orchestra of Immune–Neuroendocrine Communication

5-HT_2Areceptors: location and functional analysis in intestines of wild-type and 5-HT_2Aknockout mice

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Physiological responses of guinea-pig myenteric neurons secondary to the release of endogenous serotonin by tryptamine

Cited by 97 publications

References 40 publications

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Synaptic Transmission at Functionally Identified Synapses in the Enteric Nervous System: Roles for Both Ionotropic and Metabotropic Receptors

Gut Microbiota: The Conductor in the Orchestra of Immune–Neuroendocrine Communication

5-HT2Areceptors: location and functional analysis in intestines of wild-type and 5-HT2Aknockout mice

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5-HT_2Areceptors: location and functional analysis in intestines of wild-type and 5-HT_2Aknockout mice