Physiological responses of newborn Bos indicus and Bos indicus x Bos taurus calves after exposure to cold.

Godfrey, R. W.; Smith, S D; Guthrie, M. J.; Stanko, R. L.; Neuendorff, D. A.; Randel, R. D.

doi:10.2527/1991.691258x

Cited by 61 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Glucocorticoids are also essential for thermogenesis, and a marked increase in glucocorticoid concentrations has been reported in response to exposure to cold in neonatal calves [29]. It is most likely that glucocorticoides play an indirect role in supporting cold thermogeneisis through mobilization of lipids and glycogen to supply energy thermogenesis [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Kirovski

2015

Acta Veterinaria

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The transition from intra-to extra-uterine life is one of the greatest physiological challenges that occur in the life of animals. Immediately after birth, newborn calves have to adapt to new environmental and feeding conditions. Namely, at birth a break of the thermal balance occurs, since calves abruptly pass from a 38.8°C temperature in utero to an environmental temperature that is generally lower than 20°C. Additionally, at birth, the energy intake shifts from a continuous parenteral supply of nutrients (mainly glucose) to discontinuous colostrum and milk intake with lactose and fat as the main energy sources. Therefore, the most important issues related to metabolic changes during the transition from intra-to extra-uterine life are related to maintaining the homoeothermic conditions and control of energy metabolism. Those metabolic adaptations are under control of the endocrine system that is relatively mature at birth, but still requires morphological and functional changes after birth. Key hormones whose concentrations are signifi cantly changed around birth and are involved in an adequate adaptation of calves to extra-uterine life are those related to stress at birth (cortisol and cathecholamines), glucoregulatory processes (insulin and glucagon), thermogenesis (thyroid hormones) and growth (IGF axis).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Kirovski

2015

Acta Veterinaria

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“…The increased level of cortisol in calves of G 1 might be due to increase in lipolysis and utilization of brown adipose tissue for heat production. Godfrey et al (1991) also observed significantly (P<0.05) higher values of cortisol in Brahman calves after their exposure to cold. Maurya et al (2013) also reported significantly (P<0.05) higher values of cortisol in cold stressed lambs as compared to protected lambs.…”

Section: Cortisolmentioning

confidence: 60%

Role of Infrared lamps in cold stress alleviation during winter in Murrah calves

Bhat

Bhushan

Kumar

et al. 2016

IJAR

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The main aim of this study was to determine the role of Infrared lamps in cold stress alleviation during winter in Murrah calves. Ten newborn calves were randomly divided into two groups (G 1 and G 2 ) of five each. The calves of G 1 were provided with no additional protection; however calves of G 2 were protected against cold weather by using Infrared lamps. The body weight (kg) of calves was recorded at weekly interval. The blood samples collected at fortnightly interval were analyzed for Packed Cell volume (PCV, %), hemoglobin (Hb, g/dl), Total Serum Protein (TSP, g/l), albumin (g/l), globulin (g/l) and albumin globulin (A:G) ratio and hormones viz., triiodothyronine (T 3 , ng/ml), thyroxine (T 4 , ng/ml) and cortisol (ng/ml). The total body weight gain and average daily gain (ADG) was significantly (P<0.01) higher in G 2 as compared to G 1 . The PCV values were significantly (P<0.05) higher on day 15 and day 45 in G 1 than G 2 . The albumin and A:G Ratio were significantly (P<0.05) higher on day 60 and 45, respectively in G 1 than G 2 . The cortisol levels were higher in G 1 than G 2 and differences were highly significant (P<0.01) on 15 th day and significant (P<0.05) on 45 th day. Significantly (P<0.01) higher values of T 3 and T 4 were observed on 15 th and 45 th day in G 1 as compared to G 2 . On the basis of the results, it may be concluded that Infrared lamps can be effectively used to protect newborn calves from adverse conditions of winter and to improve their body growth performance.

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“…Um dos índices de eficiência reprodutiva mais importantes e utilizados na pecuária de corte é representado pela razão entre o número de bezerros produzidos pelo número de matrizes prenhes na estação de monta (Godfrey et al, 1991). Entre os fatores que podem afetar este índice, destaca-se a morte de bezerros no período perinatal.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Nesse contexto, a dificuldade dos bezerros em adaptar às condições ambientais adversas, como frio, flutuações de temperatura, vento e alta precipitação, têm especial relevância (Diesch et al, 2004;Godfrey et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…Por exemplo, em condições de baixas temperaturas, Josey et al (1993) verificaram maior taxa de mortalidade de bezerros com maior proporção de sangue Bos indicus e relataram que essas taxas foram ainda maiores com o aumento da precipitação pluviométrica. Godfrey et al (1991) concluíram que bezerros Brahman não regularam sua temperatura corporal ao nascimento tão bem quanto os bezerros cruzados, apresentando maiores concentrações de glicose, triiodotironina, tiroxina e triglicerídeos nas primeiras horas após o parto e que a temperatura corporal desses animais continuou baixa mesmo quando colocados em ambientes mais quentes.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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Avaliação das respostas fisiológicas de bezerros zebuínos puros e cruzados nascidos em clima subtropical

Ribeiro¹,

Alencar

Negrão

et al. 2006

R. Bras. Zootec.

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Estudou-se a influência de fatores climáticos sobre as respostas fisiológicas de bezerros, puros e cruzados, filhos de vacas da raça Nelore ou de alta mestiçagem de Nelore acasaladas com touros das raças Aberdeen Angus (AN), Simental (SN), Canchim (CN) e Nelore (NI e NR). Os bezerros AN, SN, CN e NI foram mantidos em sistema rotacionado intensivo, enquanto o grupo NR foi mantido em sistema extensivo. Os bezerros foram observados de forma direta desde o nascimento até a primeira mamada, medindo-se a latência para a primeira mamada (LM). Aproximadamente 24 horas após o parto, coletaram-se amostras de sangue do bezerro para as dosagens de proteína total (PT), glicose (Gli), triiodotironina (T3), tiroxina (T4), relação T4:T3, cortisol (Cort) e imunoglobulina G (IgGb), além das medidas de temperatura retal do bezerro (TR) e dos pesos de vacas e bezerros. Para análise dos efeitos de clima, foram tomadas no dia do nascimento as medidas de temperatura do ar (Temp), umidade do ar (UR) e precipitação (PRE). Os parâmetros fisiológicos foram estudados pelo método dos quadrados mínimos com modelos que incluíram os efeitos de ano e mês de nascimento, grupo e sexo do bezerro, categoria da vaca e hora do parto e das interações ano × grupo e ano × mês de nascimento, além das covariáveis peso do bezerro, PRE, Temp, UR e LM. Temp mostrou efeito significativo para as concentrações de T3, T4, T4:T3 e de Cort. Quanto maior Temp, menores as concentrações de T3 e de Cort e maiores as de T4 e de T4:T3. LM influenciou os níveis de Cort, PT e IgGb, de modo que, quanto maior LM, maior a concentração de Cort e menor as de IgGb e PT. Também houve efeito significativo de grupo do bezerro sobre PT, que foi maior nos bezerros NR que nos bezerros NI.

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Physiological responses of newborn Bos indicus and Bos indicus x Bos taurus calves after exposure to cold.

Cited by 61 publications

References 4 publications

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Endocrine And Metabolic Adaptations Of Calves To Extra-Uterine Life

Role of Infrared lamps in cold stress alleviation during winter in Murrah calves

Avaliação das respostas fisiológicas de bezerros zebuínos puros e cruzados nascidos em clima subtropical

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