Physiological Role of Brassinosteroids and Cauliflower Extract on Quinoa Plant Grown under Sandy Soil

Abstract

Background and Objective: Cauliflower extract is a source of brassinosteroids. Brassinosteroids are steroidal phytohormones which regulate plant growth, development and plant productivity. Thus, it could be used in improving growth and increasing plant yield under newly reclaimed sandy soil. Materials and Methods: Two field experiments were carried out, during 2 successive winter seasons to compare between the effect of brassinosteroids and 80% ethanolic extract of cauliflower buds on growth, some biochemical parameters, yield quantity and quality of quinoa plant grown under sandy soil conditions. Results: Results showed that brassinosteroids and 80% ethanolic extract of cauliflower significantly increased growth criteria of quinoa plant (plant height, branches and leaves number/plant, fresh and dry weight/plant), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid and total photosynthetic pigments), seeds yield/plant, yield attributes (plant height, number of fruiting branches, dry weight of plant and 1000 seeds weight) as well as nutritional value of the yielded seeds (carbohydrate, oil, protein, proline and free amino acids contents as well as N, P, K content), antioxidant compounds (flavonoids and phenolic compound) and antioxidant activity. Conclusion: Cauliflower extract at different concentrations were more effective in increasing plant growth, quality and quantity of the yielded quinoa seeds than brassinosteroids treatments. The results indicated that cauliflower extract at 200 mg LG 1 was the most pronounced treatment.

5-Aminolevulinic Acid and 24-Epibrassinolide Improve the Drought Stress Resilience and Productivity of Banana Plants

“…Potassium also helps regulate water balance in the plant by affecting water uptake by the roots and water loss through transpiration. Therefore, it can improve the plant’s tolerance to drought [ 55 ]. In addition, EBL increased the H + -ATPase and Ca +2 -ATPase activities in roots and leaves, which are responsible for establishing an electrochemical potential gradient to maintain the ion balance in the plant, alleviating the stressful conditions [ 132 ].…”

“…They delay senescence by reducing ethylene evolution and the respiration rate [ 53 ]. They also improve the photosynthetic apparatus and increase the plant’s ability to capture sunlight, which affects the biosynthesis of pigments and increases photosynthetic efficiency [ 54 ], especially under drought stress [ 55 ]. Exogenous application of BRs improved plant water use efficiency and nitrogen uptake, and stimulated some antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD) [ 54 , 56 ].…”

Biological Response of Lallemantia iberica to Brassinolide Treatment under Different Watering Conditions

“…Polyphenol oxidase plays an important role in controlling oxidative processes [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. Although it is not considered as a component of the antioxidant defense system, its activity improved under stressful conditions [ 26 , 27 ]. Either water limitation or the concentration of brassinolide led to the elevation of polyphenol oxidase activity, although the effect of water limitation was more severe ( Table 2 ).…”