Physiological traits of income breeding strategy in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Ru, Xiaoshang; Zhang, Libin; Liu, Shilin; Jiang, Yunning; Li, Long

doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2021.736646

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…46 Functionally, body mass and the body size are key phenotypic traits of breeding animals that affect reproductive output and shield them from environmental challenges through flexible energy management, respectively. 47 In this study, the engorgement weight of the H. longicornis ticks, which were permitted to feed on rHlHK protein-or HlHK gene-vaccinated hosts, was significantly reduced. Likewise, body weight decreased after knockdown of the HK gene in Cnaphalocrocis medinalis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…53 HK activity increases during the breeding stage and decreases significantly after spawning. 47 Furthermore, HK activity is usually high throughout reproduction to maintain continuous growth and embryonic development by enhancing glucose metabolism. 54 In this study, egg mass weight and egg hatchability were reduced in ticks that fed on rHlHK protein-or HlHK DNA-vaccinated hosts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…HK is a rate‐limiting enzyme in the glycolytic cycle and is involved in nutrient accumulation and growth regulation 53 . HK activity increases during the breeding stage and decreases significantly after spawning 47 . Furthermore, HK activity is usually high throughout reproduction to maintain continuous growth and embryonic development by enhancing glucose metabolism 54 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of hexokinase (HK) in Haemaphysalis longicornis and evaluation of HK protein‐ and DNA‐based vaccines against adult ticks

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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Background Haemaphysalis longicornis is an obligate hematophagous ectoparasite, which transmits various pathogens to humans, livestock and wild animals. Hexokinase (HK) is a key regulatory enzyme of the glycolytic pathway in the organisms. However, little is known about hexokinase and its functions in ticks. Results The open reading frame of the H. longicornis HK (HlHK) gene was 1425 bp and encoded a protein of 474 amino acids, containing conserved domains for glucose, glucose 6‐phosphate, and adenosine triphosphate. The expression of HlHK gene was detected at different developmental stages and in different tissues of unfed female ticks. Enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay revealed that both HK protein‐ and DNA‐based vaccines increased the antibody levels of the immunized animals. A vaccination trail on rabbits against H. longicornis infestation indicated that the rHlHK protein and HlHK DNA vaccines reduced the number of attached female ticks by 9% and 12%, egg mass weight by 36% and 34%, and egg hatching rate by 41% and 17%, respectively. Overall, protein vaccination conferred 65.6% protection against adult female ticks, whereas the DNA vaccine conferred 51.8% protection. Conclusion This is the first report of the molecular characterization of the HK protein and sequencing of the HK gene from H. longicornis. Positive results from vaccination trials on rabbits of the recombinant HK protein and HK DNA suggest that these novel anti‐tick vaccines potentially can be used as viable tick control tools for the management of the Asian longhorned tick. Additionally, inhibition of glucose metabolism may be a new strategy for tick control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characterization of hexokinase (HK) in Haemaphysalis longicornis and evaluation of HK protein‐ and DNA‐based vaccines against adult ticks

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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“…The daily activities of sea cucumbers are very simple, they move randomly to search food at night, and rest under a shelter during the day. A. japonicus is an income breeder (Ru et al, 2021). With the exception of egg development, energy from ingested food during reproduction also is invested into physiological metabolism, locomotor function, and growth function.…”

Section: Energy Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the present study, the sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, was used as model system to test the behavioral energy conservation hypothesis during reproduction. Recent studies have reported that A. japonicus shows a series of behavioral and physiological changes after the onset of the annual reproductive cycle (Ru et al, 2017(Ru et al, , 2021. Since both locomotion and egg production are high energy demand functions, we hypothesized that decreasing locomotor activity can compensate for the increased energy demand of reproduction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasticity of Locomotor Activity Permits Energy Homeostasis During Reproduction in a Female Sea Cucumber

Zhang

Yang

2021

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Behavioral plasticity in animals allows for moment-by-moment behavioral adjustments to biotic and abiotic uncertainties in the environment. For most aquatic animals, reproduction involves gonadal development and other physiological changes, causing increasing demands in nutrients and energy for females. The aim of this report was to determine how the female sea cucumber, Apostichopus japonicus, accommodates increasing energy demands during reproduction by adopting a behavioral energy conservation strategy. Dynamic changes in feeding activity, total body mass, locomotor activity, energetic condition, and metabolic performance of the females were measured from the non-breeding stage up to the mature stage. Routine metabolic rate analysis showed that reproduction caused a significant increase in energy demands in the adult. However, reproduction also suppressed the appetite of adults resulting in decreased energy intake. Interestingly, combining time-lapse camera and behavioral analysis software, the results showed that sea cucumbers down-regulated their locomotor activities in order to conserve energy effectively. Energy budget analysis and unchanged cortisol level revealed that the reduction in motility offset the increased energy demand for reproduction while helping to maintain energy homeostasis in the maternal body. Altogether, our study suggests that plasticity in the locomotor behavior allows sea cucumbers to cope with the high energy demands of reproduction.

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Reproduction induces variation of digestive function in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Ru,

Deng,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Aquacult Int

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Physiological traits of income breeding strategy in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Molecular characterization of hexokinase (HK) in Haemaphysalis longicornis and evaluation of HK protein‐ and DNA‐based vaccines against adult ticks

Molecular characterization of hexokinase (HK) in Haemaphysalis longicornis and evaluation of HK protein‐ and DNA‐based vaccines against adult ticks

Plasticity of Locomotor Activity Permits Energy Homeostasis During Reproduction in a Female Sea Cucumber

Reproduction induces variation of digestive function in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

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