Physiologische und pharmakologische Versuche über die Dünndarmperistaltik

Trendelenburg, Paul

doi:10.1007/bf01862644

Cited by 471 publications

(139 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…An in vitro study of the peristaltic reflex was first carried out by Trendelenburg (1917) using the guinea-pig isolated ileum. The peristaltic reflex in this species was shown to consist of regular and coordinated contractions of both longitudinal and circular muscles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With the distension of the ileum caused by an increase of intraluminal pressure, the preparation responds with an increasing longitudinal muscle contraction which is followed, as the pressure reaches a threshold point, by an aborally directed circular muscle contraction which propels the contents in the anal direction. The phase of longitudinal muscle contraction has been termed a preparatory phase and the circular muscle contraction, an emptying phase (Trendelenburg, 1917).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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5‐HT₃ and 5‐HT₄ receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

Tuladhar

Costall

Naylor

1996

British J Pharmacology

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1 The patterns of intestinal motility and the effect of an increase in intraluminal pressure were studied in vitro on segments obtained from the marmoset small intestine. 2 Segments obtained from the distal half of the marmoset small intestine exhibited segmentation, consisting of narrow annular contractions (lasting for 2-3 s) interposed between the relaxed segments of varying length. The subsequent contractions occurred slightly distal to the previous contraction, with ring-like contractions appearing to move in the aboral direction. Such segmentation was infrequent or absent in the segments obtained from the proximal half of the small intestine. An increase in intraluminal pressure inhibited segmentation and finally produced peristalsis in most of the tissues. 3 The influence of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptor agonists and antagonists on the threshold of the peristaltic reflex was investigated in the segments obtained from the distal half of the intestine after segmentation had subsided. The effect of drug application to the serosal surface was measured as a change in threshold pressure required to trigger the peristaltic reflex. A facilitation was defined in two ways (a) as a reduction in the threshold pressure required to trigger the reflex and (b) in those tissues that failed to respond with peristalsis on raising intraluminal pressure to the maximum attainable (1 kPa), as a reduction in threshold pressure compared to this value. 4 5-HT (7.85+0.19), 5-methoxytryptamine (7.79+0.24), 5-carboxamidotryptamine (6.66+0.13) and 2-methyl-5-HT (6.24+0.16) caused a concentration related facilitation of the peristaltic reflex, the pD2 values (mean+s.e.mean) being shown in parentheses. 5 The concentration-response curves to both 5-HT and 5-methoxytryptamine were dextrally shifted in a surmountable manner in the presence of GR 113808 (30 nM). pD2 values for 5-HT and 5-methoxytryptamine were significantly decreased to 6.98 + 0.24 and 6.83 + 0.36 respectively in the presence of GR 113808 (30 nM).6 In the presence of a high concentration of (10 jgM) 5-methoxytryptamine the subsequent addition of 2-methyl-5-HT (3-10 -OM) but not 5-methoxytryptamine (10 gM) facilitated peristalsis; the effect of 3 pM 2-methyl-5-HT was significantly decreased by 2 pM ondansetron. 7 It is concluded that the facilitation of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset intestine induced by 5-HT at submicromolar concentrations involves a 5-HT4 receptor stimulation with an additional 5-HT3 receptor activation at higher concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

5‐HT₃ and 5‐HT₄ receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

Tuladhar

Costall

Naylor

1996

British J Pharmacology

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“…This can be explained by a decrease of the resistance to fluid displacement, causing an increase of the filling stage of the segment, leading to a larger volume displacement. It has been observed earlier that the volume displacement can be increased in two different ways: (1) stronger combined contractions of longitudinal and circular muscle layer, resulting in an improved expulsion of fluid (increased peristalsis) and (2) decrease of circular muscle tension leading to a decreased resistance to filling (Trendelenburg, 1917). Such reduction in contractility after serosal addition of rhein has previously been described (Odenthal & Ziegler, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Indeed, except for some studies with rhein on rat intestine showing decreased contractility (Odenthal & Ziegler, 1988) no reports on in vitro activity on motility of rhein anthrone or rhein have been published. The reason why it is so difficult to demonstrate an in vitro effect on motility of rhein anthrone is most likely because drugs are usually ap- plied to the serosal side of the segment in the classical Trendelenburg set-up (Trendelenburg, 1917), whereas rhein anthrone seems to need contact with the mucosa to be active (Van Hoestenberghe et al, 1991). How the drug induces motility by this mucosal contact is however not yet clear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of rhein anthrone on peristaltic reflex of guinea‐pig isolated ileum: involvement of prostaglandins

Nijs

Witte

Geboes

et al. 1993

British J Pharmacology

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“…Collagen is not found within the ganglia and interganglionic connectives of the ENS; instead, support for the neural structures is derived from specialized supporting cells, which resemble the astrocytes of the central nervous system (CNS), and have been called enteric glia Gershon and Rothman, 1991). The ENS is the only region of the PNS that is capable of mediating reflex behavior in the absence of input from the CNS (Trendelenburg, 1917;Biilbring and Crema, 1959;Kosterlitz and Lees, 1964;Hendriks et al, 1990;Kirchgessner et al, 1992;Smith et al, 1992).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural abnormalities associated with congenital megacolon in transgenic mice that overexpress the Hoxa‐4 gene

Tennyson

Gershon

Sherman

et al. 1993

Developmental Dynamics

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Congenital megacolon develops in transgenic mice that overexpress the homeobox-containing gene, Hoxu-4. The current study was done to identify abnormalities of the terminal colon that might account for the phenotype. The terminal bowel of transgenic mice was compared with that of control and lethal spotted (ZslZs) mice, a strain in which megacolon also develops. The terminal colon of the transgenic mice contained fewer ganglia than that of controls, but was hypoganglionic, rather than aganglionic like that of ZslZs mice. The neurons present in the adult transgenic colon were significantly increased in size and a subset of very large neurons (>40 p. m in maximum diameter) were observed. Electron microscopic studies of young adult transgenic mice revealed that the ganglia and nerves of the myenteric plexus had the ultrastructure of extraenteric peripheral nerve rather than that of the enteric nervous system (ENS). The myenteric ganglia in the transgenic animals contained Schwann cells associated with a basal lamina that enveloped axons completely and individually, instead of glia. Although collagen is excluded from the ganglia and thin nerve fibers of the normal ENS, a collagen-containing endoneurium surrounded each of the axon-Schwann cell units of the abnormal nerve fibers of the transgenic colon. Some of the neurons of the transgenic mice were located in these nerve bundles rather than in ganglia. There were also smooth muscle abnormalities in the terminal bowel of the transgenic mice. Wide gaps were present in the longitudinal muscle of the transgenic mice; these gaps contained ganglia that were in contact with the adventitia. These longitudinal smooth muscle cells were more irregular than those of controls and they contained fewer puncta adherens; moreover, a larger proportion of the volume of the cytoplasm of transgenic smooth muscle cells was occupied by organelles. Finally, an extensive thickening and reduplication of the basal lamina surrounding the smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosa was observed in the transgenic colon and resembled 0 1993 WILEY-LISS, INC.that found in ZslZs mice. These data suggest that both smooth muscle and the innervation of the terminal bowel of neonatal Hoxu-4 transgenic mice are structurally abnormal. Although some of the abnormalities seen in Hoxu-4 transgenic mice are similar to those which arise in Zslls mice, the two conditions are not identical. In both animals, the data are consistent with the hypothesis that the defects arise as a result of a defective interaction between the precursors of enteric neurons and smooth muscle. o 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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Physiologische und pharmakologische Versuche über die Dünndarmperistaltik

Cited by 471 publications

References 58 publications

5‐HT₃ and 5‐HT₄ receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

5‐HT₃ and 5‐HT₄ receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

Influence of rhein anthrone on peristaltic reflex of guinea‐pig isolated ileum: involvement of prostaglandins

Structural abnormalities associated with congenital megacolon in transgenic mice that overexpress the Hoxa‐4 gene

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Physiologische und pharmakologische Versuche über die Dünndarmperistaltik

Cited by 471 publications

References 58 publications

5‐HT3 and 5‐HT4 receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

5‐HT3 and 5‐HT4 receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

Influence of rhein anthrone on peristaltic reflex of guinea‐pig isolated ileum: involvement of prostaglandins

Structural abnormalities associated with congenital megacolon in transgenic mice that overexpress the Hoxa‐4 gene

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5‐HT₃ and 5‐HT₄ receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum

5‐HT₃ and 5‐HT₄ receptor‐mediated facilitation of the emptying phase of the peristaltic reflex in the marmoset isolated ileum