Physiology and Biochemistry of Ethylene

Shimokawa, Keishi

doi:10.1007/978-94-009-5139-6_8

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…We have previously reported that the activity of cell wall‐bound peroxidase increased less in microgravity‐grown shoots than in artificial 1 g ‐grown shoots and that the increases in expression levels of some class III peroxidase genes were also reduced under microgravity conditions in space (Wakabayashi et al ). The treatment with ethylene has been shown to enhance the activity of peroxidase in plant organs by inducing peroxidase proteins (Shimokawa , Abeles et al ). Furthermore, Liu et al () demonstrated that some of class III peroxidase genes in wheat leaves could be induced by ethylene treatment.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of plant hormone levels in rice shoots grown under microgravity conditions in space: its relationship to maintenance of shoot growth

Wakabayashi

Soga

Hoson

et al. 2017

Physiologia Plantarum

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We investigated the effects of microgravity environment on growth and plant hormone levels in dark-grown rice shoots cultivated in artificial 1 g and microgravity conditions on the International Space Station (ISS). Growth of microgravity-grown shoots was comparable to that of 1 g-grown shoots. Endogenous levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in shoots remained constant, while those of abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonic acid (JA), cytokinins (CKs) and gibberellins (GAs) decreased during the cultivation period under both conditions. The levels of auxin, ABA, JA, CKs and GAs in rice shoots grown under microgravity conditions were comparable to those under 1 g conditions. These results suggest microgravity environment in space had minimal impact on levels of these plant hormones in rice shoots, which may be the cause of the persistence of normal growth of shoots under microgravity conditions. Concerning ethylene, the expression level of a gene for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthase, the key enzyme in ethylene biosynthesis, was reduced under microgravity conditions, suggesting that microgravity may affect the ethylene production. Therefore, ethylene production may be responsive to alterations of the gravitational force.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of plant hormone levels in rice shoots grown under microgravity conditions in space: its relationship to maintenance of shoot growth

Wakabayashi

Soga

Hoson

et al. 2017

Physiologia Plantarum

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Proteolysis of ribulose‐1,5‐bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in leaves of Citrus explants throughout the annual cycle and its regulation by ethylene

Peñarrubia

Moreno

Garcı́a-Martı́nez

1988

Physiologia Plantarum

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of rihulose-I ,S-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase in leaves o f Citrus explants throughout the annual cycle and its regulation by ethylene. -Physiol. Plant. 73: 14.Leaf senescence and ribulose-1 ,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygcnase (RuBP carboxylase. EC 4.1.1.3Y) degradation in orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck cv. Washington Navel] explants have been investigated. Explants consisted of a segment o f stem (ca 15 cm) and 5 mature leaves. I n vitro RuBP carboxylase degradation was determined by culturing the explants in water for diffcrcnt periods of time (3 days usually) and quantifying the two RuBP carboxylasc subunits in the extracts following sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). In vitro RuBP carboxylase degradation was estimated by autodigestion of leaf cxtracts and SDS-PAGE. The extent of in vivo RuBP carboxylase degradation in explants cultured under 16 h light/8 h dark photoperiod varied throughout the year and showed a cyclic behaviour correlated with the growth cycle of Citrus. The highest proteolytic activity both in vivo and in vitro was found in explants made from April to August coinciding with the maximum vegetative growth period of the tree. Leaf senescence and abscission could be retarded significantly at any time of the year by maintaining the explants continuously in the dark. Treatment of the explants in the dark with a continuous flow of ethylene enhanced both leaf abscission and rate of RuBP carboxylase degradation, proportionally to ethylene concentration ( 0 . 1 4 . 6 ppm). Ethylene-induced senescence of Citrus leaf explants in the dark appears to be a convenient model system to study the regulation of the proteolytic degradation of RuBP carboxylase.

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