Physiology and genetics of the dimorphic fungusYarrowia lipolytica

Abstract

The ascomycetous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (formerly Candida, Endomycopsis, or Saccharomyces lipolytica) is one of the more intensively studied 'non-conventional' yeast species. This yeast is quite different from the well-studied yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe with respect to its phylogenetic evolution, physiology, genetics, and molecular biology. However, Y. lipolytica is not only of interest for fundamental research, but also for biotechnological applications. It secretes several metabolites in large amounts (i.e. organic acids, extracellular proteins) and the tools are available for overproduction and secretion of foreign proteins. This review presents a comprehensive overview on the available data on physiology, cell biology, molecular biology and genetics of Y. lipolytica.

Produção de biossurfactante por levedura

“…O efeito do pH em relação à produção de biossurfactante por C. antarctica foi estudado utilizando-se tampão fosfato em diferentes pHs (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). Todos os tampões utilizados resultaram em uma diminuição do rendimento da produção do biossurfactante, quando comparados com a água destilada.…”

“…Organismos com status GRAS não apresentam riscos de toxicidade e patogenicidade, o que permite sua utilização para aplicações nas indústrias de alimentos e farmacêutica. 5 Alguns microorganismos podem produzir biossurfactantes quando crescem em diferentes substratos, variando desde carboidratos até hidrocarbonetos. O uso de diferentes fontes de carbono altera a estrutura dos biossurfactantes produzidos e, conseqüentemente, suas propriedades emulsificantes.…”

Genomic Exploration of the Hemiascomycetous Yeasts: 15. Pichia sorbitophila

“…Proteins with no orthologues in S. cerevisiae and phylogenetic classi¢cation The occurrence of yeast speci¢c genes not found in S. cerevisiae has already been described for several yeast species [20,21]. We therefore performed a general comparison of the P. sorbitophila RSTs with several entirely sequenced genomes and the SwissProt database depleted of the S. cerevisiae genes and their homologs [8].…”

A Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factor Essential for Cytochrome P450 Induction in Response to Alkanes in Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica

“…Analysis and sequencing of the complementing plasmid revealed an ORF of 414 bp (Fig. 3, A and B) that did not contain Y. lipolytica splice site motif sequences (5Ј donor site, branch site, and 3Ј-acceptor site) (16,24). Sequencing of the ORF region of the original mutant strain yas1-1 revealed an adenine nucleotide insertion at the position 202 from the first nucleotide of the translation initiation ATG codon and the occurrence of a frameshift mutation.…”

“…We have chosen Y. lipolytica to study the alkane-inducible transcription mechanism because it has a stable haploid life cycle and, therefore, is advantageous for genetic and molecular analysis (15). Y. lipolytica utilizes n-alkanes efficiently as its sole carbon source, and this property makes the yeast potentially important in fundamental study and also in biotechnological fields (16).…”