Physiology and pathophysiology of respiratory mucosa of the nose and the paranasal sinuses

Beule, Achim G.

doi:10.3205/cto000071

Cited by 91 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 272 publications

(319 reference statements)

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“…The process of viral recognition and activation of signalling pathways leading to type I and III IFN production and subsequent upregulation of antiviral ISGs is paramount for the early control and elimination of any IAV infection ( Bowie and Unterholzner, 2008 , Starbæk et al, 2018 ). The epithelium of the nasal mucosa is composed of ciliated cells, secretory cells, and basal cells attached to each other by tight junctions and immune cells, notably resident macrophages and dendritic cells ( Knight and Holgate, 2003 , Jahnsen et al, 2004 , Beule, 2010 ). This highly multifaceted respiratory environment can be approximated using nasal explants grown at an air-liquid interface for a limited time period ( Glorieux et al, 2007 , Van Poucke et al, 2010 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate antiviral responses in porcine nasal mucosal explants inoculated with influenza A virus are comparable with responses in respiratory tissues after viral infection

et al. 2022

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate antiviral responses in porcine nasal mucosal explants inoculated with influenza A virus are comparable with responses in respiratory tissues after viral infection

et al. 2022

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“…The MCC of the maxillary sinus allows the mucus to ventilate through the ostium to the middle meatus of the nasal cavity. Small particles and microbes in the sinus cavity are mixed with mucus made by goblet cells and transported to the ostium by ciliary movement [ 8 , 21 ]. Although the exact rate of clearance in the normal maxillary sinus is not known due to the limitation of access, it can be extrapolated from the clearance time of the nasal cavity because they share continuous pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium [ 21 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MCC is the ventilation of secretory products and foreign bodies out of the sinuses. It is dependent on proper mucous viscosity and the ciliary function of the pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lining the inside of the Schneiderian membrane [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomographic Imaging of Mucociliary Clearance Following Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Case Series

2022

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Mucociliary clearance (MCC) allows ventilation of graft particles that are displaced through a perforated Schneiderian membrane during maxillary sinus augmentation (MSA). However, it is very rarely confirmed by cone-beam computed tomographic (CBCT) images. It is not yet known how long the dislodged bone graft particles remain in the maxillary sinus or how quickly they are ventilated after MSA. The purpose of these case reports is to introduce tomographic imaging of ventilation of bone graft particles displaced through a perforated Schneiderian membrane after MSA. Four patients, who needed implant placement in the posterior maxilla, received MSA, during which the Schneiderian membrane was perforated but was not repaired. Therefore, some bone graft particles were dislocated into the sinus cavity. The sizes of the perforated membranes were measured and recorded. CBCT scans were taken at multiple time points after the surgery to visualize and trace the ejected material. In addition, the time from when the bone graft substitute was delivered to the sinus until the CBCT scans were taken was recorded. The expelled bone graft particles migrated to the ostium along the sinus wall immediately after MSA on CBCT images taken immediately after the surgery. No displaced graft particles were observed in the maxillary sinus on CBCT scans after 1 week. The CBCT scans at 6 months showed no unusual radiographic images. Within the limitations of the case reports, tomographic imaging revealed an MCC system that allows displaced graft particles to be ventilated into the ostium very early during MSA healing and not stagnate in the maxillary sinus.

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“…An effective thermal resistance, R = L/kA was applied where A is the area normal to the conduction direction and was taken as per unit area. The remaining conductivity and thickness parameters were defined following (Na et al, 2020) who reviewed anatomic information on the respiratory mucosa from (Beule, 2010). The effective resistance used was R ef f = 0.020K/W.…”

Section: Submucus Wall Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of nasal adhesions on airflow and mucosal cooling -- a computational fluid dynamics analysis

Senanayakea,

Salati,

Wong

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Nasal adhesions are a known postoperative complication following surgical procedures for nasal airway obstruction (NAO); and are a common cause of surgical failure, with patients often reporting significant NAO, despite relatively minor adhesion size. Division of such nasal adhesions often provides much greater relief than anticipated, based on the minimal reduction in cross-sectional area associated with the adhesion. The available literature regarding nasal adhesions provides little evidence examining their quantitative and qualitative effects on nasal airflow using objective measures. This study examined the impact of nasal adhesions at various anatomical sites on nasal airflow and mucosal cooling using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). A high-resolution CT scan of the paranasal sinuses of a 25-year-old, healthy female patient was segmented to create a three-dimensional nasal airway model. Virtual nasal adhesions of 2.5 mm diameter were added to various locations within the nasal cavity, representing common sites seen following NAO surgery. A series of models with single adhesions were created. CFD analysis was performed on each model and compared with a baseline no-adhesion model, comparing airflow and heat and mass transfer. The nasal adhesions resulted in no significant change in bulk airflow pat-1

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Physiology and pathophysiology of respiratory mucosa of the nose and the paranasal sinuses

Cited by 91 publications

References 272 publications

Innate antiviral responses in porcine nasal mucosal explants inoculated with influenza A virus are comparable with responses in respiratory tissues after viral infection

Innate antiviral responses in porcine nasal mucosal explants inoculated with influenza A virus are comparable with responses in respiratory tissues after viral infection

Tomographic Imaging of Mucociliary Clearance Following Maxillary Sinus Augmentation: A Case Series

The impact of nasal adhesions on airflow and mucosal cooling -- a computational fluid dynamics analysis

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