Physiology is pivotal for interactions between salinity and acute copper toxicity to fish and invertebrates

Grosell, Martin; Blanchard, Jonathan; Brix, Kevin V.; Gerdes, Robert M.

doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.03.026

Cited by 267 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Studies show that exposure to copper, zinc or nickel ions can all have effects on osmoregulation in fish (Lewis and Lewis, 1971;Denton and Burdon-Jones, 1986;Evans, 1987;Terreros et al, 1988;Grosell et al, 2007;Zhang and Wang, 2007;Pandey et al, 2008). The effect of copper on osmoregulation and nitrogen metabolism in fish are consistent with either inhibition of AQP3 or stimulation of AQP1.…”

Section: B Maciver and Othersmentioning

confidence: 48%

“…The effect of copper on osmoregulation and nitrogen metabolism in fish are consistent with either inhibition of AQP3 or stimulation of AQP1. Copper has been shown to affect plasma sodium levels in both freshwater and seawater (Lauren and McDonald, 1985;Grosell et al, 2002;Blanchard and Grosell, 2006;Grosell et al, 2007). The effect on plasma sodium levels may result from inhibition of branchial Na + /K + -ATPase although it has also been suggested it may be due to an increase in gill permeability by an unknown mechanism (Beyenbach, 2004).…”

Section: B Maciver and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression and functional characterization of four aquaporin water channels from the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

MacIver

Cutler

Yin

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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SUMMARYThe European eel is a euryhaline teleost which has been shown to differentially up-and downregulate aquaporin (AQP) water channels in response to changes in environmental salinity. We have characterized the transport properties of four aquaporins localized to osmoregulatory organs -gill, esophagus, intestine and kidney. By sequence comparison these four AQP orthologs resemble human AQP1 (eel AQP1), AQP3 (eel AQP3) and AQP10 (AQPe). The fourth member is a duplicate form of AQP1 (AQP1dup) thought to arise from a duplication of the teleost genome. Using heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes we demonstrate that all four eel orthologs transport water and are mercury inhibitable. Eel AQP3 and AQPe also transport urea and glycerol, making them aquaglyceroporins. Eel AQP3 is dramatically inhibited by extracellular acidity (91% and 69% inhibition of water and glycerol transport respectively at pH 6.5) consistent with channel gating by protons. Maximal water flux of eel AQP3 occurred around pH 8.2 -close to the physiological pH of plasma in the eel. Exposure of AQP-expressing oocytes to heavy metals revealed that eel AQP3 is highly sensitive to extracellular nickel and zinc (88.3% and 86.3% inhibition, respectively) but less sensitive to copper (56.4% inhibition). Surprisingly, copper had a stimulatory effect on eel AQP1 (153.7% activity of control). Copper, nickel and zinc did not affect AQP1dup or AQPe. We establish that all four eel AQP orthologs have similar transport profiles to their human counterparts, with eel AQP3 exhibiting some differences in its sensitivity to metals. This is the first investigation of the transport properties and inhibitor sensitivity of salinity-regulated aquaporins from a euryhaline species. Our results indicate a need to further investigate the deleterious effects of metal pollutants on AQP-containing epithelial cells of the gill and gastrointestinal tract at environmentally appropriate concentrations.

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Section: B Maciver and Othersmentioning

confidence: 48%

Section: B Maciver and Othersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression and functional characterization of four aquaporin water channels from the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

MacIver

Cutler

Yin

et al. 2009

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…A wealth of studies has demonstrated that environmentally relevant concentrations of Cu can be toxic to freshwater snails and other aquatic organisms [9][10][11][12]. As a result of increasing applications in nanotechnology, nano-CuO release to the aquatic environment is likely to increase to an extent that it may be toxic to aquatic organisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics, and effects of copper from sediment spiked with aqueous Cu, nano‐CuO, or micro‐CuO in the deposit‐feeding snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum

Pang

Selck

Banta

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The present study examined the relative importance of copper (aqueous Cu and CuO particles of different sizes) added to sediment to determine the bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics, and effects in the deposit feeder Potamopyrgus antipodarum. In experiment 1, the bioaccumulation of Cu (240 µg Cu/g dry wt of sediment) added as aqueous Cu (CuCl2 ), nano- (6 nm, 100 nm), or micro- (<5 µm) CuO particles in adult snails was measured. In experiment 2, a more comprehensive analysis of the toxicokinetics of Cu (aqueous Cu, 6 nm, or 100 nm) was conducted. In experiment 3, the effects of Cu form (aqueous Cu and 6 nm CuO) on juvenile growth and survival at 0, 30, 60, 120, and 240 µg Cu/g dry weight sediment were assessed. Snails took up less of the 5-µm CuO particles than nano-CuO or aqueous Cu. A substantial fraction of Cu taken up was associated with shell, and this was rapidly lost when snails were transferred to clean sediment. Net uptake rates from sediment amended with 6 nm CuO and aqueous Cu were significantly higher (∼40-50%) than from sediment amended with 100 nm CuO. During 2 wk of depuration, there were no significant differences in depuration rates (kd ) among forms (aqueous Cu: kd = -0.12 wk(-1) ; 6 nm CuO: kd = -0.22 wk(-1) ; 100 nm CuO: kd = -0.2 wk(-1) ). Average juvenile growth was reduced by 0.11 mm (41%) at measured exposure concentrations of 127.2 µg Cu/g dry weight sediment for aqueous Cu and 71.9 µg Cu/g dry weight sediment for 6 nm CuO compared with control; however, differences between forms were not statistically significant. Juvenile snails in the highest exposure concentrations (aqueous Cu and 6-nm CuO groups pooled) reduced their growth by 0.18 mm on average (67%) compared with the control group. Although we observed minor differences in toxicity among Cu forms, effects on juvenile snail growth occurred at bulk sediment concentrations lower than those in the Canadian interim sediment quality guidelines. Characterization of the CuO particles showed that particle size distributions of commercially prepared particles deviated substantially from the manufacturers' specifications and highlighted the importance of fully characterizing particles when using them in toxicity tests.

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“…These results suggest that marine fish larvae might tolerate Cu exposure more than their freshwater counterparts. In euryhaline killifish Fundulus heteroclitus (96-h LC50: 18 mg Cu/L in freshwater and 294 mg Cu/L in 35% seawater) and topsmelt Atherinops affinis (168-h LC50: 44, 72, 134, and 205 mg Cu/L in 10, 17, 25, and 34% waters, respectively), larvae also became less sensitive to Cu as salinity increased [22,23]. In the present study, the 96-h LC50 for red sea bream larvae was 0.13 mg Cu/L, which falls within the reported values for other marine fish larvae [10,[19][20][21].…”

Section: Acute Toxicity Of Coppermentioning

confidence: 96%

Toxicity of short‐term copper exposure to early life stages of red sea bream, Pagrus major

Cao

Huang

Lü

et al. 2010

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Acute (0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.6 mg Cu/L) and chronic (0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.12 mg Cu/L) toxicity tests of Cu with embryonic and larval red sea bream, Pagrus major, were carried out to investigate their biological responses to Cu exposure in static water at 18 +/- 1 degrees C (dissolved organic carbon, 1.8 +/- 0.65 mg C/L; hardness, 6,183 +/- 360 mg CaCO3/L; salinity, 33 +/- 1 per thousand). The 24- and 48-h LC50 (median lethal concentration) values of Cu for embryos were 0.23 and 0.15 mg/L, whereas the 48-, 72-, and 96-h LC50 values for larvae were 0.52, 0.19, and 0.13 mg/L, respectively, suggesting that embryos were more sensitive to Cu toxicity than larvae. Copper exposures at > or =0.06 mg concentrations caused low hatching success, a delay in the time to hatching of embryos, and reductions in the growth and yolk absorption of the larvae, whereas high mortality and morphological malformations occurred in the embryos and larvae at > or =0.08 mg/L concentrations. Copper concentration did not significantly affect the heart rate of the embryos, but it significantly decreased the heart rate of the newly hatched larvae when the Cu concentration was > or =0.08 mg/L, suggesting that Cu at high concentrations could induce heartbeat disturbances in red sea bream more easily at the larval stage than at the embryonic stage. Hatching success, time to hatching, growth rate, morphological abnormality, yolk absorption, and heart rate were Cu concentration-dependent and could be effective endpoints for evaluating Cu toxicity to the early life stages of red sea bream in nature.

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Physiology is pivotal for interactions between salinity and acute copper toxicity to fish and invertebrates

Cited by 267 publications

References 60 publications

Expression and functional characterization of four aquaporin water channels from the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

Expression and functional characterization of four aquaporin water channels from the European eel (Anguilla anguilla)

Bioaccumulation, toxicokinetics, and effects of copper from sediment spiked with aqueous Cu, nano‐CuO, or micro‐CuO in the deposit‐feeding snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum

Toxicity of short‐term copper exposure to early life stages of red sea bream, Pagrus major

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