Physiology of Abscission

Addicott, Fredrick T.; Lynch, Ruth Stocking

doi:10.1146/annurev.pp.06.060155.001235

Cited by 121 publications

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“…Thus, activity from 'Received Jan. 22, 1964. 2 A contribution of the Texas Agricultural Experiment Station. The research was supported in part by a grant from the Foundation for Cotton Research and Education, National Cotton Council of America.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase and Inhibitors in Light-Grown Cotton

Morgan¹

1964

Plant Physiol.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase and Inhibitors in Light-Grown Cotton

Morgan¹

1964

Plant Physiol.

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“…His discovery led to a number of important agricultural practices (1,30,31) and stimulated basic researches on the influence of auxin in the control of abscission. All but the most recent literature has been described in reviews (1,5,16). A comprehensive article describing the physiological factors in abscission, including other hormones as well as auxin, has recently appeared (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All but the most recent literature has been described in reviews (1,5,16). A comprehensive article describing the physiological factors in abscission, including other hormones as well as auxin, has recently appeared (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Applied Auxin Gradients and Abscission in Explants

Louie

Addicott

1970

Plant Physiol.

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The influence of applied auxin on abscission in explants (excised cotyledonary nodes) of cotton was investigated.Proximal applications to the stem stump accelerated abscission with all concentrations applied. Distal applications to the petiole stumps retarded abscission with all concentrations applied.Simultaneous applications to petiole and stem stumps accelerated, retarded, or were without effect on abscission depending on the relative amounts applied. Relatively high concentrations proximal on stem stumps accelerated abscission whereas relatively high concentrations distal on petiole stumps retarded abscission. The abscission rates from various combinations resulted in a multiphasic abscission response curve as the amounts applied were increased.Consideration of these and related data in the literature indicates that many factors can have profound effects on the nature of abscission responses to auxin.Interest in auxin as a controlling factor in abscission developed rapidly after Laibach (18) found that abscission can be retarded by the application of auxin to debladed petioles. His discovery led to a number of important agricultural practices (1,30,31) and stimulated basic researches on the influence of auxin in the control of abscission. All but the most recent literature has been described in reviews (1,5,16). A comprehensive article describing the physiological factors in abscission, including other hormones as well as auxin, has recently appeared (2).The early investigations established that auxin commonly functions to retard abscission. Further investigations disclosed other influences of auxin. The onset of abscission was found to be correlated with the gradient, or balance, of auxin across the abscission zone, auxin distal to the abscission zone tending to retard abscission, and auxin proximal to the zone tending to accelerate abscission. This general concept is supported by the results of a number of workers with a variety of plant materials from experiments involving extraction, diffusion, applications, and metabolism of auxin (6,14,15,19,21,(26)(27)(28). However, a few experiments have been reported in which proximal applications of auxin have retarded abscission (24), and in some cases distal applications have accelerated abscission (10,12,32 MATERIALS AND METHODSExcised abscission zones (explants) were used in this investigation following a method similar to that described by Addicott et al. (4). Explants were cut from the cotyledonary nodes of cotton seedlings (Gossypium hirsutum L. cultivar Acala 4-42) grown in perlite in galvanized flats in the greenhouse. Seedlings were used when their first internodes had attained a length of 2 cm (21-25 days after planting). Cotyledons were debladed 24 hr before the nodes were excised as this led to more rapid abscission, reducing the time required for an experiment. After excision each explant consisted of two 5-mm petiole stumps, a 5-mm stem stump (first internode), and a 10-mm hypocotyl stump, and thus each contained two abscission zones. The ...

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“…The ability of a diffusible substance from cotton fruit to accelerate the abscission of cotton exlplants ultimately led to the discovery of what is now known as abscisic acid, a plant hormone capable of regutlating a number of plant processes (9,16). The role of abscilc acid in abscission however, remains uncer.ain.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The substance promotes the abscission of explants, but then so do a large numnber of other compounds, manv of which are not normal constituents of leaves (1). Evidence bo.h for (9) and against (15) a role for thiis hornmone in abscission has been pre ented. However the work of Dale and Milford (15) has been criticizcd becau-e chromotographic behavior of tlheir compound differed from the 8-inhibitor and did not pronlote abscission of young cotton fruit.…”

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confidence: 99%

Abscission: Role of Abscisic Acid

Cracker¹,

Abeles²

1969

Plant Physiol.

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Abstract. Th2 effect of abscisic acid on cotton (Gossypium hirsutuin L. cv. Acala 4-42) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. cv. Red Kidney) explants was 2-fold. It increased ethylene producticn from the explants, which was found to account for some of its ability to accelerate abscission. Absci ic acd also increased the activity of cellulase. Increased synthesis of cellulaso was not du to an increase in aging of the explants but rather was an effect of abscisic acid on the processes that lead to cellulase synthesis or activity. Earlier papers from this laboratory have described Lhe trea:mncnt of explants with e.hylene anid CO., in desiccators and gas collection bottles (4), the measurement of ethylene by gas chromatography (8), the injection of actinomycin D (1 1 g//,l water) into the separation layers of explants (6), the determination of celluilase ac.ivity by the lo s of viscosity of sodiuim carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) (4), and break strength measurements by a recording abscissor ( 14). ResultsThe effect of abscisic acid on break strength and ethylene production from explants is summmarized in

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Physiology of Abscission

Cited by 121 publications

References 0 publications

Distribution of Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase and Inhibitors in Light-Grown Cotton

Distribution of Indoleacetic Acid Oxidase and Inhibitors in Light-Grown Cotton

Applied Auxin Gradients and Abscission in Explants

Abscission: Role of Abscisic Acid

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