Physiology of aging with respect to gastrointestinal, circulatory and immune system changes and their significance for energy and protein metabolism

Ritz, Patrick

doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601021

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The relationship between normal ageing and the clinical expression of obesity is likely to be complex (24,25). Part of the problem is that what passes for ‘normal’ ageing may be the cumulative result of a number of otherwise subclinical pathological processes.…”

Section: The Role Of Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of obesity: a striving after wind?*

Rosmond¹

2004

Obesity Reviews

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The current global epidemic of obesity is fuelled by a constant, unidirectional adverse effect on energy balance that exceeds the adaptive capacity of the system. The individual response to this environmental pressure is under the control of a variety of genes, which not only interacts with environmental factors but also with one another. Since the discovery that adipocytes may produce and secrete hormones, the adipose tissue has taken on increasing importance in the regulation of energy balance. Indeed, the pathogenesis of obesity, once regarded as so obvious and simple, is becoming one of the most complex in medical practice. From a clinical perspective, obesity is associated with a remarkably broad spectrum of health complications and, over the years, obesity-related mortality has consistently increased. From a theoretical viewpoint, the growing complexity of factors affecting the liability to obesity, the inconsistency of scientific results, the lack of consensus among scientists, and so forth, obstruct our efforts to unravel the aetiology of obesity. Is the field of obesity research merely a striving after wind, and nothing more?

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Section: The Role Of Ageingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology of obesity: a striving after wind?*

Rosmond¹

2004

Obesity Reviews

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“…56 With advancing age, it becomes more difficult for the organism to maintain homeostasis, especially under stress conditions. 49,57 Multiple changes take place at different levels of the GIT: a decrease in saliva production (xerostomy) and in gastric acid secretion, a lower absorption of nutrients such as iron and vitamin B 12 , 58 slower gastrointestinal motor function and food transit, and a reduced chemical food digestion and nutrient absorption. 59 As age increases there is a natural trend to decrease food intake, resulting in the anorexia of aging.…”

Section: Physiological and Immune Status In The Elderlymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrition and the gut microbiome in the elderly

et al. 2016

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The gut microbiota is the assembly of microorganisms living in our intestine and their genomes are known as the microbiome. The correct composition and functionality of this microbiome is essential for maintaining a "healthy status." Aging is related to changes in the gut microbiota which are frequently associated with physiological modifications of the gastrointestinal tract, as well as, to changes in dietary patterns, together with a concomitant decline in cognitive and immune function, all together contributing to frailty. Therefore, nutritional strategies directed at restoring the microbiota in the elderly have to be addressed from a global perspective, considering not only the microbiota but also other extra-intestinal targets of action. The present review aims at summarizing the current knowledge on intestinal microbiota alterations and other functions impaired in the elderly and to analyze tools for implementing nutritional strategies, through the use of probiotics, prebiotics or specific nutrients in order to counterbalance such alterations.

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“…La masse des organes change peu, sauf celle du foie qui est réduite de 20 % entre 20 et 80 ans (18).…”

Section: Masse Des Organesunclassified