Physiology of Semen and of the Male Reproductive Tract

Mann, T.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-179251-0.50016-0

Cited by 246 publications

(379 citation statements)

References 146 publications

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“…The exocrine production of mucosubstances by the accessory glands seems to be a common feature of batrachoidids and of many other teleost species: some blennies produce sialomucins (Lahnsteiner et al, 1990), while gobies produce sialomucins and sulphomucins (Cinquetti, 1997;Lahnsteiner et al, 1992). These mucosubstances have been suggested to increase the viscosity of the seminal fluid and help to agglutinate the sperm (Cinquetti, 1997;Lahnsteiner et al, 1990;Mann, 1964). Recently, Barni et al (2001) suggested that the mucosubstances released by nesting P. notatus type I males, which have active large accessory glands, may embed sperm and help produce sperm trails or layers that slowly dilute in water reducing sperm dispersion and allowing the presence of sperm in water more constantly over time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric changes and sex steroid levels during the annual reproductive cycle of the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus

Modesto

Canário

2003

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric changes and sex steroid levels during the annual reproductive cycle of the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus

Modesto

Canário

2003

General and Comparative Endocrinology

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“…Free amino acids may serve as oxidizable substrates for aerobic metabolism by spermatozoa (Mann, 1964); create a favorable condition for nucleic acids synthesis (Setchell et al, 1967); or enhance sperm survival (Tyler and Rothschild, 1951). Additionally, amino acids have been implied to play a role in progressive spermatozoal motility (Gassner and Hopwood, 1952), where the addition of any one of a number of amino acids and peptides to spermatozoa extends their duration of motility (Tyler and Tanabe, 1952).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular approach of gossypol-induced reproductive toxicity in male rabbits. Changes in seminal plasma amino acids and fatty acids

Taha

Shaaban

El-Nouty

et al. 2008

Animal

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This study was done to evaluate the effects of two sublethal doses of gossypol (4 and 20 mg/kg of BW, every other day) on some amino and fatty acid concentrations in male rabbit seminal plasma. Rabbits were chosen as an experimental animal owing to the fact that they are excellent model for reproductive toxicological effects. The experiment lasted 16 weeks and included two periods: a treatment period (first 8 weeks) where the animals were given the tested product, and a recovery period (second 8 weeks) where all drugs were withdrawn. Results showed that total amino acids (TAA), total essential amino acids (EAA), total non-essential amino acids (non-EAA) and EAA/non-EAA ratio were decreased in a dose-dependent manner during gossypol treatment. The deleterious effect on TAA concentrations was mainly due to the reduction in total EAA. However, these concentrations regained their normal values after gossypol cessation. Basic, acidic, neutral amino acids and basic/acidic amino acids ratio decreased in a dose-dependent manner by gossypol treatment. Additionally, gossypol administration caused decreases in total unsaturated fatty acids (USFA) and increases in total saturated fatty acids (SFA) and the SFA/USFA ratio in a dose-dependent manner. During the recovery period, total SFA and USFA showed significant reduction and significant increase, respectively, after gossypol withdrawal. In conclusion, gossypol administration affected rabbit seminal plasma concentrations of amino and fatty acids in a dose-dependant manner. Gossypol reduced TAA, total EAA and total non-EAA. Additionally, gossypol caused decreases in total USFA and increases in total SFA. These deleterious effects were associated with poor-quality semen observed in our previous studies.

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“…The bull has four main accessory sex glands; seminal vesicles, ampullae, prostate and bulbo-urethral gland, as do the ram and stallion; the boar does not have substantial ampullae. The secretions produced by these glands contain substances not found at such a high concentration anywhere else in the body (Mann, 1964). Citric acid, fructose, phosphorylcholine, ergothioneine, inositol and glycerylphosphorylcholine are among the molecules found in seminal plasma (Salisbury, 1978).…”

Section: Seminal Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pH for bovine semen upon ejaculation ranges from 6.4 to 7.8 (Mann, 1964) with most normal ejaculates being between 6.5-6.9 (Salisbury et al 1978). The pH of an ejaculate will increase immediately due to loss of carbon dioxide followed by a decrease due to lactic acid accumulation, primarily from the breakdown of fructose.…”

Section: Concentration Volume and Phmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Removing Seminal Plasma Improves Sex-Sorting of Bovine Sperm.

Burroughs

Graham

Lenz

et al. 2011

Biology of Reproduction

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REMOVING SEMINAL PLASMA IMPROVES SEX-SORTING OF BOVINE SPERMExperiments for this thesis evaluated how characteristics of bovine ejaculates affect efficiency of sorting X-from Y-chromosome bearing sperm by flow cytometry/cell sorting, and further, document that removal of seminal plasma improves efficacy of sexsorting bovine sperm. In Experiment I, ejaculates were collected by artificial vagina, two each from 10 bulls with an average of one hour between collections. Semen was centrifuged to separate sperm from seminal plasma, and then sperm were re-diluted to 160x10 6 sperm per ml with staining TALP (Tyrode's albumin, lactate, pyruvate) and 0, 5, 10 or 20% seminal plasma from the same ejaculate or reciprocally from first/second ejaculates. Following incubation with Hoechst 33342, sperm were sorted and analyzed with a flow cytometer/cell sorter. The % live-oriented sperm was higher for treatments with 0% seminal plasma (64.4%) than 5 (59.6%), 10 (59.0%) and 20% (57.8%) seminal plasma (p<0.01). The % live-oriented sperm was higher for second (63.0%) than first ejaculates (56.2%). Sort rate was higher for samples with 0% seminal plasma (p<0.05).The percentages of membrane-impaired sperm were lower for 0% (16.5%) than 5 (21.9%), 10 (23.6%) or 20% (23.4%) seminal plasma (p<0.003), and for second iii ejaculates (18.2%) compared to first ejaculates (25.9%). Whether seminal plasma was from first versus second ejaculates had no effect (p>0.1). Effects of seminal plasma originating from bulls different from those whose sperm were sorted was evaluated in Experiment II. Semen collection and initial analysis were performed as in Experiment I and for all successive experiments. Seminal plasma from ejaculates of 6 bulls (3 that sorted well; 3 that sorted poorly) used in Experiment I was used with sperm collected for Experiment II as well as seminal plasma from sperm donors. Sperm were stained with Hoechst 33342 as in Experiment I, but with 10% seminal plasma in staining TALP.Only seminal plasma from one bull resulted in differences for any sorting parameters; 31% of sperm were membrane-impaired with seminal plasma from this bull compared to 16-19% for seminal plasma from other bulls (p<0.05). Sort rate was decreased (3.02x10 3 sperm per sec) compared to a range of 3.64-3.97x10 3 sperm per sec with the other seminal plasmas (p<0.05). This may have been due to contamination of the original semen sample, since this effect was only seen with one of six bulls.Experiment III investigated effects of adding bovine serum albumin (BSA) during staining with Hoechst 33342 using semen from 10 bulls. BSA was added at 0, 0.3 or 0.9% to staining TALP with either 0 or 10% seminal plasma. Although BSA has been shown to be beneficial to sperm, there was a possibility that BSA would bind Hoechst 33342, thereby reducing sorting efficiency. There was no evidence of either effect; however, sperm with 0% seminal plasma had higher % live oriented cells (65%) than sperm incubated with 10% seminal plasma (61%; p<0.05). In addition, samples conta...

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Physiology of Semen and of the Male Reproductive Tract

Cited by 246 publications

References 146 publications

Morphometric changes and sex steroid levels during the annual reproductive cycle of the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus

Morphometric changes and sex steroid levels during the annual reproductive cycle of the Lusitanian toadfish, Halobatrachus didactylus

Molecular approach of gossypol-induced reproductive toxicity in male rabbits. Changes in seminal plasma amino acids and fatty acids

Removing Seminal Plasma Improves Sex-Sorting of Bovine Sperm.

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