Physiology of the thermophilic acetogen Moorella thermoacetica

Drake, Harold L.; Daniel, Steven L.

doi:10.1016/j.resmic.2004.03.003

Cited by 77 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…M. thermoacetica is considered a model acetogen [139] and it was used by Wood and Ljungdahl and later by Ragsdale and others to elucidate the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway [85]. M. thermoacetica is a thermophilic bacterium isolated from horse manure and was originally characterised in 1942 as Clostridium thermoaceticum [140].…”

Section: Acetate Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation

2012

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Abstract:The use of gas fermentation for the production of low carbon biofuels such as ethanol or butanol from lignocellulosic biomass is an area currently undergoing intensive research and development, with the first commercial units expected to commence operation in the near future. In this process, biomass is first converted into carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 )-rich synthesis gas (syngas) via gasification, and subsequently fermented to hydrocarbons by acetogenic bacteria. Several studies have been performed over the last few years to optimise both biomass gasification and syngas fermentation with significant progress being reported in both areas. While challenges associated with the scale-up and operation of this novel process remain, this strategy offers numerous advantages compared with established fermentation and purely thermochemical approaches to biofuel production in terms of feedstock flexibility and production cost. In recent times, metabolic engineering and synthetic biology techniques have been applied to gas fermenting organisms, paving the way for gases to be used as the feedstock for the commercial production of increasingly energy dense fuels and more valuable chemicals.

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Section: Acetate Producersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Biomass Syngas Fermentation

2012

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“…However, Goorissen et al (2004) showed that a sulfate reducing bacterium, Desulfotomaculum kuznetsovii, easily outcompeted Moorella thermoautotrophica for methanol; both bacteria were relatively insensitive to sulfide. Except M. glycerini, all Moorella species isolated so far are able to grow on methanol (Wiegel et al 1981;Slobodkin et al 1997;Balk et al 2003;Drake and Daniel 2004;Jiang 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methanol utilizing Desulfotomaculum species utilizes hydrogen in a methanol-fed sulfate-reducing bioreactor

Balk

Weijma

Goorissen

et al. 2007

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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A sulfate-reducing bacterium, strain WW1, was isolated from a thermophilic bioreactor operated at 65°C with methanol as sole energy source in the presence of sulfate. Growth of strain WW1 on methanol or acetate was inhibited at a sulfide concentration of 200 mg l −1 , while on H 2 /CO 2 , no apparent inhibition occurred up to a concentration of 500 mg l −1 . When strain WW1 was co-cultured under the same conditions with the methanol-utilizing, non-sulfatereducing bacteria, Thermotoga lettingae and Moorella mulderi, both originating from the same bioreactor, growth and sulfide formation were observed up to 430 mg l −1 . These results indicated that in the co-cultures, a major part of the electron flow was directed from methanol via H 2 /CO 2 to the reduction of sulfate to sulfide. Besides methanol, acetate, and hydrogen, strain WW1 was also able to use formate, malate, fumarate, propionate, succinate, butyrate, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isobutanol, with concomitant reduction of sulfate to sulfide. In the absence of sulfate, strain WW1 grew only on pyruvate and lactate. On the basis of 16S rRNA analysis, strain WW1 was most closely related to Desulfotomaculum thermocisternum and Desulfotomaculum australicum. However, physiological properties of strain WW1 differed in some aspects from those of the two related bacteria.

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“…In the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway, synthesis of the acetyl-CoA occurs through two branches, the methyl branch and carbonyl branch. Acetyl-CoA can then be converted to other products including acetate, ethanol, and cell mass (Drake and Daniel, 2004). The pathway for the conversion of acetylCoA to acetate is called acetogenesis and the conversion of acetyl-CoA to ethanol is called solventogenesis.…”

Section: Biocatalystsmentioning

confidence: 99%