Physiology of Tree Resistance to Insects

Hanover, James W.

doi:10.1146/annurev.en.20.010175.000451

Cited by 123 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 45 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Volatile monoterpenes play an important role in the host-parasite relationship of tree colonization by insects (Hanover, 1975). In the present study and in earlier studies with conifer seedlings (Bufler et al, 1990;Kotzias et al, 1992;Kainulainen et al, 1993) no significant differences in concentrations of needle monoterpenes were detected after SOj exposure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Effects of SO₂ on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYScots pine {Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce {Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings of open-pollinated progenies and clonal cuttings were exposed to various concentrations of SOj (50-155 nl T') in several growth chamber experiments. No visible foliar injury was observed in any SO.^ exposure. The total sulphur concentrations of the exposed needles were significantly greater than in the control needles. Exposure to SO.^ (100 and 155 nll"^) reduced concentrations of glucose and fructose and increased concentrations of sucrose in pine needles. By contrast, one spruce clone had more glucose and fructose and less sucrose in needles exposed to SO^ (100 nl T^), but in other spruces of clonal or open-pollinated progenies no changes in sugar concentrations were detected in different SO^ exposures (50-155 nl T^). Exposure to SOj had no effects on concentrations of individual or total monoterpenes in pine or spruce needles. Concentration of total resin acids was significantly smaller in needles exposed to the greatest concentration of SO^ (155 nlT^), but no changes were detected in other exposures (50-150 nl r^) in either tree species. Concentrations of minor individual resin acids, palustric and neoabietic acids, were also affected by SOg in needles of pine (155 nl 1"' SO2) and clonal spruces (100 nl T^ SO^). Exposure to SO.d id not affect foliar concentration of total phenolics in pine and spruce seedlings. In exposure to 0, 50, 100 and 150 nir' SOj, total phenolic concentration of spruce roots was increased linearly with elevated SO.^ exposure level. By contrast one spruce clone had decreased concentrations of phenolics in roots after exposure to 155 nl r' SO^. The present results suggest that in conifers the response of carbohydrate and secondary metabolism to SO2 varies with the origin of tested seedlings and the SOj concentration. Therefore, generalizations about the SOj efTects on suitability of food quality for folivorous herbivores are difficult to draw, except that a better supply of sulphur will be available from SO^ exposed seedlings.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 47%

Effects of SO₂ on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similar adverse effects of feeding on non-preferred current-year needles have been observed in the pine-feeding sawfly Neodiprion sertifer (Niemelä et al, 1984). The poorer performance of larvae on current-year needles is likely to be caused by higher concentrations of defensive compounds such as resin acids in younger needles (Hanover, 1975;Larsson et al, 1986). Several studies on pine-feeding insects have documented decreased host plant resistance or increased suitability after defoliation (Niemelä et al, 1984(Niemelä et al, , 1991Wagner & Evans, 1985;McMillin & Wagner, 1997).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Performance of pine looper Bupalus piniarius larvae under population build‐up conditions

Smits

2002

Entomologia Exp Applicata

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the first year of an outbreak, Bupalus piniarius larvae, encounter intense crowding. In the later stages of larval development, they are forced to feed on the non-preferred current-year needles of Scots pine or even on alternative hosts. It was hypothesized that larval feeding on a non-preferred resource (current-year needles) will negatively affect B. piniarius performance. It was also hypothesized that larval mutual interference (crowding without competition for food) will have negative additive effects. These hypotheses were tested in laboratory and field experiments. Fourth instar larvae were reared singly and under crowded conditions in cohorts of ten. Larvae in both situations were reared on control branches (containing both mature and current-year shoots) and branches containing only current-year shoots. Crowded larvae were reared also on Norway spruce, an alternative host. Crowding and feeding on a non-preferred resource had opposite effects on B. piniarius larval performance. Crowding in the late larval instars enhanced larval performance while absence of the preferred resource had negative effects. Larval growth rate was higher and development time was shorter for larvae exposed to crowded conditions than for solitary larvae. There was, however, no difference between the groups in final pupal weights or survival. Survival was 25% lower for larvae feeding on non-preferred current-year needles and pupal weights 9% lower, compared with results for larvae feeding on mature needles. Larvae feeding on Norway spruce suffered greatly extended development time, 82% lower survival, and resulted in 60% lighter pupae compared with conspecifics on Scots pine. It was concluded that not only quantity but also quality of the available food resource is critical for B. piniarius development.

show abstract

“…McDonald (1982) pointed out that foresters are attracted to resistance because it generally does not require repeated attention and is easily incorporated into integrated pest management plans. Resistance.to insects has been found in forest trees (Hoff and McDonald 1994, Hanover 1976, Gerhold 1966. Genetic variation present in hosts to various insects in =western larch, and DF=Douglas-fir. opportunistically in genetic tests.…”

Section: Disease Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Forest health through silviculture: Proceedings of the 1995 National Silviculture Workshop

Eskew¹

1995

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract-Includes 32 papers documenting presentations at the 1995 Forest Service National Silviculture Workshop. The workshop's purpose was to review, discuss, and share silvicultural research information and management experience critical to forest health on National Forest System lands and other Federal and private forest lands. Papers focus on the role of natural disturbances, assessment and monitoring, partnerships, and the role of silviculture in forest health.Keywords: forest health, resource management, silviculture, prescribed fire, roof diseases, forest p e h , monitoring.Compiler's note: In order to deliver symposium proceedings to users as quickly as possible, many manuscripts did not receive conventional editorial processing. Views expressed in each paper are those of the author and not necessarily those of the sponsoring organizations or the USDA Forest Service. Trade names are used for the information and convenience of the reader and do not imply endorsement or pneferential treatment by the sponsoring organizations or the USDA Forest Service.Cover photo by

show abstract

Physiology of Tree Resistance to Insects

Cited by 123 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of SO₂ on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

Effects of SO₂ on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

Performance of pine looper Bupalus piniarius larvae under population build‐up conditions

Forest health through silviculture: Proceedings of the 1995 National Silviculture Workshop

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Physiology of Tree Resistance to Insects

Cited by 123 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of SO2 on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

Effects of SO2 on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

Performance of pine looper Bupalus piniarius larvae under population build‐up conditions

Forest health through silviculture: Proceedings of the 1995 National Silviculture Workshop

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of SO₂ on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings

Effects of SO₂ on the concentrations of carbohydrates and secondary compounds in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) seedlings