Physiology of β-endorphins. A close-up view and a review of the literature

Dalayeun, J.F.; Nores, J. M.; Bergal, S.

doi:10.1016/0753-3322(93)90080-5

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Since the discovery of the endogenous opioid system, many studies have searched for correlations between b -endorphin (b-end) levels and smoking or nicotine dependence [3,12,25]. Most of them demonstrated elevated plasma levels of b -end under a variety of experimental conditions, for example, in women smokers [2], when high doses of nicotine were given [11], after rapid smoking of two high -nicotine cigarettes [13], and in heavy smokers only [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

Arbol

Ojeda

et al. 2000

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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The harmful effects of smoking on health have been widely documented, although it is as yet unclear whether tobacco dependence is only psychological in nature, or both psychological and physical. We studied plasma concentrations of beta -endorphin, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) in healthy persons who consumed different numbers of cigarettes per day, and compared the findings with those in a control group of nonsmokers. Beta -endorphin levels were significantly higher than in controls only in persons who smoked fewer than 10 cigarettes per day. Cortisol levels were significantly higher in smokers who consumed more than 20 cigarettes per day. There were no significant differences between any of the groups in plasma ACTH concentrations. D

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

Arbol

Ojeda

et al. 2000

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

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“…This process is related to repeated secretion of neurotransmitters (Mathon, Kamal, Smidt, & Ramakers, 2003). Serotonin as a neurotransmitter relates to the control of well balanced emotion, dopamine relates to motivation and pleasure, noradrenaline relates to anxiety and β-endorphin relates to decreasing pain and increasing comfort (Chaouloff, 1989;Comings & Blum, 2000;Costa-Pinto & Palemo-Neto, 2010;Dalayeun, Norès, & Bergal, 1993;Esch & Stefano, 2010;Mathon, Kamal, Smidt, & Ramakers, 2003). Therefore, personality manifestations based on social attitudes, i.e., PIL/ikigai, could depend on the neuronal network activity caused by the secretion of neurotransmitters (Böning, 2009).…”

Section: Frontal Lobe and Neurotransmittersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drinking alcohol also causes comfort and pleasure and decreased anxiety (Dalayeun, Norès, & Bergal, 1993). PIL/ikigai (Ishida, 2012) and drinking alcohol (Dalayeun, Norès, & Bergal, 1993) are both accompanied by the secretion of β-endorphin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These behaviors indicate an active healthy brain and secretion of neurotransmitters which control the mind (Chaouloff, 1989;Comings & Blum, 2000;Esch & Stefano, 2010;Dalayeun, Norès, & Bergal, 1993). Successful adaptation to the environment causes pleasure and comfort which relate to a well balanced secretion of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine, noradrenaline, and β-endorphin (Chaouloff, 1989;Esch & Stefano, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Proposal to Prevent Alcohol Dependence Using Purpose in Life/<i>Ikigai</i> to Mimic the Chemical Effects of <i>β</i>-Endorphin

Ishida¹

2012

PSYCH

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Purpose in life (PIL)/ikigai is a social attitude based on the concept that, "every person has a need to establish meaning in life". Comfort and pleasure are related to the secretion of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, dopamine and β-endorphin. Drinking alcohol can also trigger emotions and cause the secretion of β-endorphin. Persons, who have an inner sense of satisfaction, do not need or want to induce comfort and pleasure by using alcohol or morphine. The primary chemical structures of β-endorphin and morphine are similar. Therefore, it is possible that helping people to achieve PIL/ikigai could strengthen psychological and/or physical defenses against alcohol dependence.

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“…These peptides are often referred to as "natural pain killers" given their ability to create analgesia and a general sense of happiness. By stimulating the Mu receptor, they inhibit the release of GABA, which normally inhibits dopamine release, therefore resulting in enhanced dopamine emission [17]. Endorphins also likely play a major role in the pain-mediating effects of acupuncture, massage, hydrotherapy, and TENS therapy, as research has shown that these popular treatment modalities consistently stimulate the body's production of these compounds [18,19].…”

Section: Endorphinsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical review of intravenous opioids in acute care

McKeen¹,

Quraishi

2013

J Anesthesiol Clin Sci

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Opioids are routinely used in the management of moderate to severe pain. However, in the acute care setting, consistently undertreated and suboptimally managed pain continues to be a problem. Given the potential for opioids to result in lifethreatening situations, and the increasing complexity of the patients that are cared for in acute care facilities, a thorough understanding of intravenous opioid therapy is a necessity for hospital-based clinicians. Opioids can be classified by chemical structure and/or drug effect (i.e. action on Mu, Kappa, and Delta opioid receptors throughout the body). Endogenous opioids include endorphins, enkephalins, and dynorphins, which moderate the body's natural response to pain. Commonly used exogenous intravenous opioids include morphine, hydromorphone, fentanyl, meperidine, methadone, buprenorphine, butorphanol, and nalbuphine, which vary greatly in potency, duration of action, metabolism, and in their adverse effect profile. A growing body of evidence suggests that patient controlled analgesia may be superior to conventional methods (need for analgesia determined by clinicians) of treating pain in the acute care setting. Newer pump delivery systems may also decrease the risks of human and equipment errors as well as enhance patient safety and satisfaction. The purpose of this review is to help guide clinicians in the safe and effective management of pain in patients requiring intravenous opioid therapy in the acute care setting.

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Physiology of β-endorphins. A close-up view and a review of the literature

Cited by 54 publications

References 51 publications

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

Proposal to Prevent Alcohol Dependence Using Purpose in Life/<i>Ikigai</i> to Mimic the Chemical Effects of <i>β</i>-Endorphin

Clinical review of intravenous opioids in acute care

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Physiology of β-endorphins. A close-up view and a review of the literature

Cited by 54 publications

References 51 publications

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

Plasma concentrations of beta-endorphin in smokers who consume different numbers of cigarettes per day

Proposal to Prevent Alcohol Dependence Using Purpose in Life/&lt;i&gt;Ikigai&lt;/i&gt; to Mimic the Chemical Effects of &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-Endorphin

Clinical review of intravenous opioids in acute care

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Proposal to Prevent Alcohol Dependence Using Purpose in Life/<i>Ikigai</i> to Mimic the Chemical Effects of <i>β</i>-Endorphin