Phytate degradation and phosphorus digestibility in broilers and turkeys fed different corn sources with or without added phytase

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to test whether different dietary corn sources and phytase supplementation affect the prececal phosphorus digestibility (pcdP) and appearance of inositol phosphates in the lower ileum of growing broiler chickens and turkeys. Two experiments were conducted, one with broiler chickens and one with turkeys. Four corn diets were provided; these were formulated to contain low P and calcium (Ca) contents and incorporated 43% of one of the four different corn sources. Diets were either unsupplemented or supplemented with 500 FTU of an Escherichia coli-derived phytase/kg feed. Experimental diets were fed ad libitum from day 20 post-hatch. At 28 d of age, digesta were sampled from the lower ileum of animals to determine pcdP and pc myo-inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6-hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) degradation and to analyze the concentrations of lower inositol phosphate isomers. The pcdP of non-supplemented diets ranged from 51 to 60% and from 22 to 28% in broilers and turkeys, respectively. A negative correlation was observed between the InsP6 content of the corn source and the pcdP of diets in broilers only. Without phytase supplementation, pc InsP6 degradation ranged from 64 to 76% in broilers and from 6 to 15% in turkeys. Phytase increased the pcdP by around 15% in broilers (P < 0.001) and 9 to 17% in turkeys (P < 0.001). In turkeys, phytase efficacy was greatest when the diets contained corn with higher contents of ether extract and InsP6. An effect of corn source on the appearance of lower InsPs in the ileal digesta was found in broilers only. These results suggest that broilers possess a greater capacity for InsP6 degradation and hydrolysis of lower InsPs compared with turkeys. Furthermore, the results are influenced by the corn source used. Further research is needed to identify the factors responsible for the low level of phytate degradation in turkeys in order to improve the availability of InsP6-P and the efficacy of phytase.

Impact of phytase on improving the utilisation of pelleted broiler diets containing olive by-products

“…These results indicate that the positive effect of BECP on phytate phosphorus utilisation, maybe due to liberating phosphorus from the phytic acid molecule of main components of the experimental ingredients such as maize, soybean meal and OC. These results are consistent with those reported in previous studies (Choct 2006;Attia et al 2012;Attia et al 2016;Ingelmann et al 2019).…”

“…However, the deviations in the composition of microbiota and digestibility of AA in prececal were not connected together, showing a lack of a causal relationship (Borda-Molina et al 2019). It is found that broilers exhibited a higher inositol P 6 degradation and hydrolysis of lower inositol phosphorus compared with turkeys; however, the results are affected by the source of maize fed (Ingelmann et al 2019). Hence, this study targets to investigate the impact of phytase on enhancing the use of pelleted feeds containing different concentrations of olive cake on performance, carcase traits, red blood cell characteristics, lipid metabolites and plasma calcium, phosphorus, and alkaline phosphatase of broiler chickens during 7-28 days of age.…”

Short-chain fatty acids and ceca microbiota profiles in broilers and turkeys in response to diets supplemented with phytase at varying concentrations, with or without xylanase

“…No influence of phytase supplementation on the microbiome in turkeys were observed in the current study, and to the best of our knowledge, no such studies have been reported previously. Broilers possess a greater capacity for InsP6 degradation and hydrolysis for lower inositol phosphates compared with turkeys ( Ingelmann et al., 2019 , Olukosi et al., 2020 ), and this difference can be maximized with phytase supplementation. The differences observed between turkeys and broilers in their capacity for InsP6 hydrolysis and P digestibility may be the result of differences in small intestine maturity ( Adebiyi and Olukosi, 2015 ), endogenous P loss, pH along the GIT, passage rate ( Rodehutscord and Dieckmann, 2005 , Adebiyi and Olukosi, 2015 ), and differences in their microbiome ( Pan and Yu, 2014 ).…”

Comparative aspects of phytase and xylanase effects on performance, mineral digestibility, and ileal phytate degradation in broilers and turkeys

“…There is a plethora of data on the effect of phytase and xylanase supplementation in broilers ( Olukosi et al., 2007a , Olukosi et al., 2010 , Tiwari et al., 2010 , Zeller et al., 2015 ) but much less information about turkeys ( Ingelmann et al., 2018 , Ingelmann et al., 2019 ). In addition, the traditional conventional phytase levels in diets ranges between 500 and 1000 FTU/kg ( Adeola and Cowieson, 2011 ).…”

“…There are comparatively much fewer studies on the use of phytase and/or xylanase for turkeys. And even fewer studies have directly compared the response of broilers and turkeys ( Rodehutscord and Dieckmann, 2005 , Pirgozliev et al., 2007 , Adebiyi and Olukosi, 2015a , Adebiyi and Olukosi, 2015b , Adebiyi and Olukosi, 2015c , Ingelmann et al., 2019 ) to enzymes supplementation.…”