Phytoaccumulation and Phytotoxicity of Cadmium and Chromium in Duckweed<i>Wolffia globosa</i>

Boonyapookana, Benjaporn; Upatham, E. S.; Kruatrachue, Maleeya; Pokethitiyook, Prayad; Singhakaew, Sombat

doi:10.1080/15226510208500075

Cited by 94 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Several studies also showed similar results, such as a reduction in growth of bean plants treated at 96 hours with 5 µM of Cd and 100 µM of Zn 26 , a decrease in biomass of pea plants treated with 4 and 40 µM of Cd in hydroponic culture for 7 days 27 , and a decrease in biomass of duckweed treated with Cd at 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/L with increasing concentration and exposure time 28 .…”

Section: Scienceasia Scienceasia Scienceasiasupporting

confidence: 52%

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Panyakhan¹,

Kruatrachue²,

Pokethitiyook³

et al. 2006

ScienceAsia

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ABSTRACT:The aquatic plant, Hydrocotyle umbellata, was tested for toxicity and accumulation of Cd and Zn under laboratory conditions. H. umbellata were cultured in modified 10% Hoagland solution supplemented with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1 mg/L Cd and 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 50 mg/L Zn and were separately harvested after 3, 6, 9 and 12 days. The toxicity symptoms of H. umbellata exposed to Cd and Zn at different concentrations and exposure times were stunted growth and chlorosis in leaves. Finally, some plants died at higher concentrations of metals. The symptoms were more severe at higher metal concentrations. Cd and Zn caused significant decreases in biomass productivity and chlorophyll content when the exposure times and concentrations of both metals were increased. There were significant increases in metal levels in plant tissues when the exposure times and metal concentrations were increased. Both metals accumulated in roots more than in shoots. The high values of bioconcentration factor (BCF) of Cd (7173, at 0.2 mg/L) and Zn (1717, at 2 mg/L) on day 9 of exposure suggested that H. umbellata is a good candidate for removal of Cd and Zn from contaminated water.

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Section: Scienceasia Scienceasia Scienceasiasupporting

confidence: 52%

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Panyakhan¹,

Kruatrachue²,

Pokethitiyook³

et al. 2006

ScienceAsia

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“…When expressed by mg Cr per kg plant dry weight, the Cr uptake rate by plants was highly correlated with Cr concentraions in the hydroponic solution as shown in Fig. 2 (the linear trend line and the R-square value are given), which agreed with others Boonyapookana et al 2002;Aldrich et al 2003). The mass balance for total Cr Cr contents in the various plant compartments are presented in Fig.…”

Section: Effects Of Cr 6+ On the Activities Of Antioxidant Enzymes Inmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Phytoextraction is a process of assimilating soil pollutants and subsequent translocation to harvestable plant parts (Kumar et al 1995). A number of works have been focused on Cr bioaccumulation with emphasis on the selection of hyperaccumulator species of plants Boonyapookana et al 2002;Aldrich et al 2003;Zayed and Terry 2003). Most plants selected belong to either grasses or cultivated species, which directly serve as food sources for numerous higher animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hexavalent chromium induced stress and metabolic responses in hybrid willows

Huang

2007

Ecotoxicology

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Metabolic responses to hexavalent chromium (Cr(6+)) stress and the uptake and translocation of Cr(6+ )were investigated using pre-rooted hybrid willows (Salix matsudana Koidz x Salix alba L.) exposed to hydroponic solution spiked with K(2)CrO(4) at 24.0 +/- 1 degrees C for 192 h. Various physiological parameters of the plants were monitored to determine toxicity from Cr(6+ )exposure. At Cr(6+) treatments of 50% higher than that of the non-treated control plants. As Cr concentrations were increased further, a slight increase in the transpiration rate was also observed compared with the controls. Negligible difference in the chlorophyll contents in leaves between the treated and the non-treated control plants was measured, except for willows exposed to 1.05 mg Cr/l. The response of soluble proteins in leaves of willows to Cr treatments was remarkable. Cr-induced toxicity appeared in all treatments resulting in reduced activities of catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) compared to the controls. Superoxide dismutases (SOD) activity in the leaf cells showed a positive increase after Cr exposure. Of all selected parameters, soluble proteins in leaves were the most sensitive to Cr(6+ )doses, showing a significant linear correlation negatively (R (2) = 0.931). Uptake of Cr(6+) by willows grown in flasks was found to increase linearly with the added Cr(6+ )(a zero order kinetics), as indicated by the high R (2) (0.9322). Recovery of Cr in different parts of plant materials varied significantly with roots being the dominant site of Cr accumulation. Although the translocation to shoots was detected, the amount of Cr translocated to shoots was considerably small. The capacity of willows to assimilate Cr(6+ )was also evaluated using detached leaves and roots in sealed glass vessels in vivo. Uptake of Cr by roots was mediated possibly through an active transport mechanism, whereas the cuticle of leaves was the major obstacle to uptake Cr from the hydroponic solution. In addition, both cysteine and ascorbic acid showed a remarkable potential to reduce Cr(6+) at a neutral pH. Results indicated that the added Cr did not cause deleterious effects on plant physiological functions over a 192-h period of exposure. Significant removal of Cr from the hydroponic solution was observed in the presence of hybrid willows. The data also suggest that phytoremediation of Cr(6+) is possible and ecologically safe due to the minor translocation of Cr to aerial tissues.

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“…Nevertheless, in whole plants, both the photosystems were affected. Chromium stress can induce three Environ Chem Lett (2010) 8:199-216 207 possible types of metabolic modification in plants: (i) alteration in the production of pigments, which are involved in the life sustenance of plants (e.g., chlorophyll, anthocyanin) (Boonyapookana et al 2002) (ii) increased production of metabolites (e.g., glutathione, ascorbic acid) as a direct response to Cr stress, which may cause damage to the plants (Shanker et al 2003b) and (iii) alterations in the metabolic pool to channelise the production of new biochemically related metabolites, which may confer resistance or tolerance to Cr stress (e.g., phytochelatins, histidine) (Schmfger 2001). Induction and activation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and of antioxidant catalase are some of the major metal detoxification mechanisms in plants (Shanker et al 2003a).…”

Section: Chromium Effects On Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review

2010

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Metal contamination issues are becoming increasingly common in India and elsewhere, with many documented cases of metal toxicity in mining industries, foundries, smelters, coal-burning power plants and agriculture. Heavy metals, such as cadmium, copper, lead, chromium and mercury are major environmental pollutants, particularly in areas with high anthropogenic pressure. Heavy metal accumulation in soils is of concern in agricultural production due to the adverse effects on food safety and marketability, crop growth due to phytotoxicity, and environmental health of soil organisms. The influence of plants and their metabolic activities affects the geological and biological redistribution of heavy metals through pollution of the air, water and soil. This article details the range of heavy metals, their occurrence and toxicity for plants. Metal toxicity has high impact and relevance to plants and consequently it affects the ecosystem, where the plants form an integral component. Plants growing in metal-polluted sites exhibit altered metabolism, growth reduction, lower biomass production and metal accumulation. Various physiological and biochemical processes in plants are affected by metals. The contemporary investigations into toxicity and tolerance in metal-stressed plants are prompted by the growing metal pollution in the environment. A few metals, including copper, manganese, cobalt, zinc and chromium are, however, essential to plant metabolism in trace amounts. It is only when metals are present in bioavailable forms and at excessive levels, they have the potential to become toxic to plants. This review focuses mainly on zinc,

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Phytoaccumulation and Phytotoxicity of Cadmium and Chromium in DuckweedWolffia globosa

Cited by 94 publications

References 28 publications

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Hexavalent chromium induced stress and metabolic responses in hybrid willows

Heavy metals, occurrence and toxicity for plants: a review

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