Phytochemical analysis and hypotensive activity of Ipomoea pes-caprae on blood pressure of normotensive rats

Abstract

Ipomoea pes-caprae (Convolvulaceae), popularly known as “salsa-da-praia”, is used in folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases, including hypertension. The aim of this research was to evaluate hypotensive activity attributed to this species and identify the bioactive compounds responsible for this effect. Hydroalcoholic extract of aerial parts of Ipomoea pes-caprae (PIEA) was fractionated by column chromatography with Amberlite XAD-2, thus achieving a methanolic fraction (PIEA-M). The chemical profile investigation of PIEA-M was conducted by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and compound isolation through High Performance Countercurrent Chromatography (HPCCC). Hemodynamic evaluations of PIEA, PIEA-M and isolated compounds were carried out on normotensive rats. The locomotor activity of PIEA and PIEA-M were performed by Rota Rod test using Swiss mice. UPLC-MS analysis of PIEA-M led to the identification of 11 compounds corresponding to seven phenolic acids and four flavonoids. By means of HPCCC, quercetin 6”-O-acetyl-3-O- glucoside (1), a mixture of quercetin-3-O-galactoside and quercetin-3-O- glucoside (2) and quercetin 3-O-glucoside (3) were isolated. PIEA, PIEA-M and the obtained compounds (1 and 2) significantly reduced blood pressure. Also, PIEA and PIEA-M caused significant impairment on mice locomotor activity. These results indicate the potential of Ipomoea pes-caprae as a source of hypotensive agents suggesting that phenolic compounds present in the species are responsible for its hypotensive activity.

Ipomoea pes-caprae Linn protects mice bone marrow cells against chemo-radiotherapy induced genotoxicity

“…In the present study, the anti-genotoxic potential of I. pes-caprae against chemotherapy and radiotherapy induced genotoxicity in cancer treatment was investigated. Although many pharmacological activities have been reported for this plant [6][7][8][9][10], no anti-genotoxic effect has been reported so far.…”

A Medicinal Halophyte Ipomoea pes-caprae (Linn.) R. Br.: A Review of Its Botany, Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivity

“…These include seven flavonoids, one coumarin, and other phenolic compounds. The flavonoids and flavonoid glycosides are 5,7-dihydroxy-4-phenyl-2 H -chromen-2-one ( 4 ), quercetin 3- O -galactoside ( 5 ), quercetin 3- O -glucoside (isoquercetin; 6 ), quercetin 3- O -acetylgalactoside ( 7 ), quercetin 3- O -acetylglucoside ( 8 ), quercetin 3- O - β -d-glucofuranoside ( 9 ), and quercetin ( 10 ) [ 24 , 32 , 33 ]. A coumarin compound, (-) mellein ( 11 ) has also been isolated from I. pes-caprae [ 34 ] ( Figure 4 ).…”

“…The other phenols identified from I. pes-caprae include 3- O -caffeoylquinic acid ( 12 ), 4- O -caffeoylquinic acid ( 13 ), 5- O -caffeoylquinic acid (chlorogenic acid; 14 ), eugenol ( 15 ), 4-vinylguaiacol ( 16 ), the quinic acid esters – 3,5-di- O -caffeoyl-4- O -coumaroylquinic acid ( 17 ), 4,5-di- O -caffeoyl-1,3-di- O -coumaroylquinic acid ( 18 ), 3,5-di- O -caffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid A; 19 ), 3,5-di- O -caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester ( 20 ), 3,4-di- O -caffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid B; 21 ), 3,4-di- O -caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester ( 22 ), 4,5-di- O -caffeoylquinic acid (isochlorogenic acid C; 23 ), and 4,5-di- O -caffeoylquinic acid methyl ester ( 24 ), caffeic acid ( 25 ), and salicylic acid ( 26 ) [ 24 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. The chemical structures are listed in Figure 5 .…”

“…In a more recent study, quercetin 3- O -galactoside ( 5 ), isoquercetin ( 6 ), 3- O -caffeoylquinic acid ( 12 ), 4- O -caffeoylquinic acid ( 13 ), chlorogenic acid ( 14 ), isochlorogenic acid B ( 21 ), isochlorogenic acid C ( 23 ), and caffeic acid ( 25 ) were identified from a methanol fraction of aerial parts of I. pes-caprae [ 33 ]. Both 12 and 13 showed radical scavenging properties [ 47 ].…”

“…Among the compounds identified by Gonçalves et al from the methanolic fraction of a hydroalcoholic extract of I. pes-caprae aerial parts [ 33 ], chlorogenic acid ( 14 ) and caffeic acid ( 25 ) have been identified as antimicrobial agents [ 78 , 79 ]. Toyama et al isolated 14 from Baccharis oxyodonta , which induced the destruction of many bacteria cells [ 80 ].…”