Phytochemical Analysis and in Vitro Investigation of Anti-Inflammatory and Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition Potential of Root Extracts of Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Abstract

The aim of present study is to emphasize the phytochemical and biological studies of root extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum, as little work was documented on the roots. Phytochemical analysis of powder and extracts were evaluated by the standard methods. UV/ Visible scanning, FTIR and atomic absorption spectroscopy were also performed for the purposes of standardization. In vitro anti-inflammatory investigation was done by protein denaturation method and xanthine oxidase inhibition assay was performed to confirm anti-gout effect. Phytochemical analysis results revealed the presence of primary metabolites (%w/w); carbohydrates (48.54+0.6) > proteins (21.06+0.6) > lipids (1.32+0.001). Secondary metabolites (mg/g) were also isolated; methanol extract has higher concentrations of flavonoids (95.81+0.026) and glycosaponins (39.9+0.103) while in water extract polysaccharide (139.4 + 0.026) and polyphenols (114.93+0.0234) were found to be in maximum quantities as compared to the other extracts. UV/Visible and FTIR scanning results have shown the presence of various significant functional groups. In vitro anti-inflammatory evaluation showed that aqueous extract (87.46%) was found to be the most active with IC 50 (570.24ug/ml) as compared to the reference drug diclofenac sodium. In vitro xanthine oxidase inhibition activity was performed and methanol extract (88.24%) found to be the most effective. The findings confirm the plant nutritional value and rationale behind its use in traditional medicine for the treatment of inflammation and gout.

A Cross-Sectional Analysis of Knowledge, Beliefs and Practices Regarding Traditional Medicine Use among Pharmacy Students of Different Private and Government Universities of Lahore, Pakistan

“…A count of 187 (73.6%) participants reported their satisfaction with the results of traditional medicine. Traditional medicine has been excessively used with almost no threats to health as this stands consistent with various studies 31,32 . In a previous study, people have reported a positive response to traditional medicine use, however, few people also showing reservations regarding its use.…”

Amelioration of streptozotocin-induced neurotoxicity in rats by a standardized extract of Cydonia oblonga seeds

“…1,23,24 The presence of glycosaponins in the plant has indicated that C. oblongapossesses antitussive, anti-diabetic and antimicrobial properties as many previous scientific reports have documented the beneficial effects of glycosaponins. 25 Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are a diverse family of Phase II detoxification intracellular enzymes. Cytosolic GSTs play a crucial role in regulating the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway that participates in cell survival and death signals.…”

Bioprospecting for Anti-COVID-19 Interventions From African Medicinal Plants: A Review

“…The aqueous root extract has been reported to be active as an anti-inflammatory agent in an in vitro investigation using a protein denaturation method, with an IC 50 value of 570.24 μg/mL. 34 Single topical application of the ethanol extract inhibited mice ear edema induced by croton oil (57%, inhibition), arachidonic acid (67%, inhibition), phenol (80%, inhibition), capsaicin (72%, inhibition), and EPP (75%, inhibition). 291 The methanolic extract of the leaves has also been reported to inhibit formaldehyde-induced paw edema in rats.…”