Phytochemical and biotechnological studies on Schisandra chinensis cultivar Sadova No. 1—a high utility medicinal plant

Abstract

In the presented work, raw materials (fruits and leaves) and in vitro biomass of a highly productive Schisandra chinensis Sadova No. 1 cultivar (SchS) were evaluated for the production of therapeutically useful schisandra lignans (SL). In vitro cultures of SchS were initiated, followed by extensive optimization studies focused on maximizing secondary metabolite production, with the aim of establishing a sustainable source of SL. Different cultivation systems (agar, agitated, bioreactor), experiment times (10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 days) and plant growth regulators (6-benzyladenine—BA and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid—NAA, from 0 to 3 mg/l) in Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium were tested. Moreover, an elicitation procedure was applied to bioreactor-grown microshoots in order to increase SL production. Validated HPLC-DAD protocol enabled to detect fourteen SL in the extracts from in vitro and in vivo materials. The main compounds in the in vitro cultures were as follows: schisandrin (max. 176.3 mg/100 g DW), angeloylgomisin Q (max. 85.1 mg/100 g DW), gomisin A (max. 71.4 mg/100 g DW) and angeloylgomisin H (max. 67.0 mg/100 g DW). The highest total SL content (490.3 mg/100 g DW) was obtained in extracts from the biomass of agar cultures cultivated for 30 days on the MS medium variant containing 3 mg/l BA and 1 mg/l NAA. This amount was 1.32 times lower than in fruit extracts (646.0 mg/100 g DW) and 2.04 times higher than in leaf extracts (240.7 mg/100 g DW). The study demonstrated that SchS is a rich source of SL, thus proving its value for medical, cosmetic and food industry.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s00253-018-8981-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

The Influence of Nasturtium officinale R. Br. Agar and Agitated Microshoot Culture Media on Glucosinolate and Phenolic Acid Production, and Antioxidant Activity

“…After a 20-day growth cycle, the increments were about 1.4 times greater than in S. chinensis cv. Sadova agitated cultures after a 60-day growth cycle [ 38 ].…”

Unraveling Plant Natural Chemical Diversity for Drug Discovery Purposes

“…hairy roots) can also be developed from already differentiated cells. All these types of culture are generally developed for a particular purpose, often very restricted to a given compound in a given plant, such as for camptothecin production by Ophiorrhiza species (Asano et al, 2009), Schisandra chinensis lignans production (Szopa et al, 2017;Szopa et al, 2018) or boeravinone Y by Abronia nana . Several examples of cultures at a commercial scale have also been described validating its feasibility and scalability from lab-scale to large-scale (paclitaxel form Taxus spp.…”

Schisandra chinensis, Five Flavor Berry, a Traditional Chinese Medicine and a Super-Fruit from North Eastern China

“…Essential oils, triterpenoids, polysaccharides, vitamins, bioelements, phytosterols and organic acids are other important ingredients of this traditional medicinal plant. 45,46 The presence of gentisic acid and flavonoids: hyperoside, isoquercitrin, rutin and quercetin also reported. 47 The two Pharmacognosy Communications, Vol 11, Issue 1, Jan-Mar, 2021 most important lignin analogs isolated from Schisandra chinensis are gomisin C (GC) and gomisin G (GC) which can reach up to 0.79 mg/g and 0.69 mg/g, respectively.…”